Global Steel Industry

• Publication date: November 2012
• Report size: 604 pages

This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Steel in Million Metric Tons by the following End-Use Applications: Construction, Automotive, Machinery, Other Domestic/Commercial Equipment, and Others. The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Middle East, Latin America, and Africa. Annual estimates and forecasts are provided for the period 2010 through 2018. A six-year historic analysis ...

This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Steel in Million Metric Tons by the following End-Use Applications: Construction, Automotive, Machinery, Other Domestic/Commercial Equipment, and Others. The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Middle East, Latin America, and Africa. Annual estimates and forecasts are provided for the period 2010 through 2018. A six-year historic analysis is also provided for these markets. The report profiles 173 companies including many key and niche players such as Anshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd., ArcelorMittal, Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd, Evraz Group S.A., Nizhniy Tagil Iron and Steel Works, Novokuznetsk Iron and Steel Plant, Evraz Vítkovice Steel, Gerdau S.A., Hebei Iron and Steel Group Company Limited, JFE Steel Corporation, Jiangsu Shagang Group Co., Ltd., Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation, Nucor Corporation., POSCO, Riva Group, Siderúrgica Venezolana SIVENSA S.A, Tata Steel Ltd., Tata Steel Europe Ltd., Tenaris S.A., Tenaris Tamsa, Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe AG, and United States Steel Corporation. Market data and analytics are derived from primary and secondary research. Company profiles are primarily based upon search engine sources in the public domain.

Global Metal Mining Industry

I. INTRODUCTION, METHODOLOGY & PRODUCT DEFINITIONS
Study Reliability and Reporting Limitations I-1
Disclaimers I-2
Data Interpretation & Reporting Level I-2
Quantitative Techniques & Analytics I-3
Product Definitions and Scope of Study I-3
Construction I-3
Automotive I-3
Machinery I-4
Other Domestic/Commercial Equipment I-4
Others I-4
Finishes I-4
Furniture I-4
Steel Cans I-4
Accessories I-4


II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. INDUSTRY OVERVIEW II-1
China: The Making of a Steel Giant in the 21st Century II-1
Table 1: Global Crude Steel Production (2011): Estimated
Percentage Share Breakdown of Production Volume in China Vs
Rest of World (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-2
Chinese Steel Industry Continues to be Haunted by Excess
Capacity Issues II-2
Impact of the 2007-2009 Economic Recession in Retrospect II-3
Table 2: Global Steel Market (2009-2011): Estimated
Percentage Breakdown of Capacity Utilization of Steel Plants
by Geographic Region (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-4
Impact of the 2007-2009 Recession in Key Steel-Consuming Markets II-5
Construction II-5
A Retrospective Peek into the Monumental Meltdown of the US
Construction Industry During the 2007-2009 Recession II-5
Table 3: Housing Starts in the United States (2006-2010):
Yearly Breakdown of Number of Housing Starts (In ‘000
Units) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-6

Table 4: Housing Starts in the United States (2006-2010):
Yearly Breakdown of Number of Housing Starts (In '000s) by
Size of Housing Unit - Single, 2-4 and 5+ Units (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-6

Table 5: Housing Starts in the United States (2006-2010):
Yearly Breakdown of Number of Housing Starts (In '000s) by
Family Size - Single and Multiple Family (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-7

Table 6: Housing Starts in the United States (2006-2010):
Yearly Breakdown of Number of Housing Starts (In '000s) by
Regions - North East, Mid-West, South, and West (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-8
A Review of the Current Progress in the Industry’s Recovery II-8
Table 7: Housing Starts in the United States (2011&2012):
Yearly Breakdown of Number of Housing Starts (In ‘000
Units) II-9
Automotive II-9
Opportunity Indicators II-11
Table 8: World Production of Passenger Cars: Breakdown of
Production Figures in ‘000 Units for Years 2013, 2015 &
2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-11

Table 9: World Production of Commercial Vehicles: Breakdown
of Production Figures in ‘000 Units for Years 2013, 2015 &
2017 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-12
Heavy Machinery Industry II-12
Surplus Capacity & Rising Raw Material Costs Pose Challenges II-13
Impact of the European Debt Crisis: A Review II-13
Slowdown in Chinese Economic Growth to Drag Down Global
Consumption of Steel II-15
Outlook II-15
Key Market Share Findings II-15
Table 10: Global Steel Market (2011): Percentage Share
Breakdown of Production Capacity by Leading Players (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-15

Table 11: Global Stainless Steel Market (2011): Percentage
Market Share Breakdown of Leading Producers (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-16

Table 12: Leading Iron Ore Producers Worldwide (2011):
Percentage Share Breakdown of Production Capacity by Leading
Players (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-16

Table 13: Global Flat Steel Market (2011): Percentage Share
Breakdown of Production Capacity of Leading Players (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-17
Other Statistical Findings II-17
Table 14: Global Steel Market (2011): Percentage Share
Breakdown of Consumption by Steel Shape (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-17

Table 15: Global Steel Market (2011): Percentage Share
Breakdown of Consumption by Quality (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-17

Table 16: Global Finished Steel Consumption: Estimated Per
capita Consumption by Geographic Region/Country for the Year
2011 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-18

Table 17: World Crude Steel Market (2011): Per Capita Steel
Use In Select Countries (In Kgs per Capita) (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-18

Table 18: Global Crude Steel Market (2011): Percentage Share
Breakdown of Production Volume by Country (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-18

Table 19: Global Stainless Steel Market (2011): Percentage
Share Breakdown of Consumption by Region/Country (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-19

Table 20: Global Stainless Steel Welded Tube & Pipe Market
(2011): Percentage Share Breakdown of Production by
Geographic Region (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-19

Table 21: Global Stainless Steel Welded Tube & Pipe Market
(2011): Percentage Share Breakdown of Consumption by
Geographic Region (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-19

Table 22: Global Steel Production (2011): Percentage Share
Breakdown of Production by Process (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-20

Table 23: Global Stainless Steel Welded Tube & Pipe Market
(2011): Percentage Share Breakdown of Consumption by End-Use
Segments (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-20

2. INDUSTRY TRENDS & ISSUES II-21
Urbanization & Infrastructure Development in Developing
Countries to Drive Growth II-21
BRIC & CIVETS Spearhead World Consumption of Steel II-21
BRIC: To Drive Global Growth in the Short-to- Medium Term Period II-21
CIVETS: New Hope in the Longer Term II-21
Rising Demand for Recycled Steel Pushes Up Demand for Steel Scrap II-22
Export Restrictions on Steel Scrap Tightens Raw Material Supply II-22
Table 24: Global Iron Ore Market: Cumulative Breakdown of New
Iron Ore Production Capacity by Country in Million Metric
Tons for the Period 2011 Through 2016 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-23
Use of Lower Grade Steels In Automotive Industry II-23
Steel Wins Over Aluminium II-23
With the Exception of China, Consolidation Slows Down in the
Global Steel Industry II-24
Lack of Geographical Diversification II-24
Market for Faux Stainless Products Gaining Ground II-25
Development of E-Business II-25
Surge in Cost Cutting Drives II-25
Innovations in Design and Production II-25
Unfair Trade Practices: The Agony Continues for Global Steel
Industry II-26
Steel Industry Persists with its Energy Conservation Drive II-26
Steel Industry Adopts An Environmentally Friendly Approach II-26
The Section 201 Steel Tariff In The US Steel Industry: A
Memorable Event In History II-27
Table 25: The US Steel Import Tariff Structure Announced in
March 2002 II-27
Reasons Cited for Imposing Section 201 II-27
A Blow to Global Economic Recovery: Reactions to Section 201 II-28
Cries Against Section 201: A Domestic Industry Viewpoint II-28
Ill-prepared to Face Global Competition II-28
Timing of Imposition of the Law II-29
The Aftermath II-29
The EU Responds II-29
Russia Emerges Unharmed II-30

3. PRODUCT OVERVIEW II-31
The Steel Transition II-31
Steel: The Sage of a Non-Ferrous Metal II-31
The Backbone of Human Development II-31
Steel Composition II-32
Steel Properties II-32
Steel Classification II-32
Carbon Steels II-32
Table 26: Carbon Steels - Alloying Elements of Steel not
exceeding the Following Limits of Weight (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-33
Alloy Steels II-33
Stainless Steels II-33
Austenitic Grade II-34
Ferritic Grade II-34
Martensitic Grade II-34
Tool Steels II-35
High-Speed Tool Steels II-35
Cold-Work Tool Steels II-35
Hot-Work Tool Steels II-35
Mold Steels II-35
Shock-Resistant Tool Steels II-36
Water-Hardening Tool Steels II-36
Special-Purpose Tool Steels II-36
Chromium Steel II-36
Nickel Steel II-36
High Speed Steel II-36
Cobalt Steel II-37
Ferro-Tic Carbide II-37
Carbide Tipped II-37
Solid Carbide II-37
Packaging Steels and Applications II-37
Steel Manufacturing Process II-38
Coke Making II-38
Iron Making II-39
Blast Furnace Iron Making II-39
Iron-Rich Byproducts: Recycled by Sintering II-39
Use of Blast Furnace in Producing Pig Iron II-40
Direct Reduction II-41
Iron Smelting II-41
Steel Making - Basic Oxygen Furnace II-41
Classification of BOFs II-42
Bottom Blown II-42
Top Blown II-42
Combination Blown II-42
Steel Making - Electric Arc Furnace II-42
Refining and Casting II-43
Ladle Refining II-44
Casting II-45
Strip Casting II-45
Continuous Casting II-45
Forming and Finishing II-46
Rolling and Finishing - Rod and Bar Products II-46
Steel Shapes Produced Via Hot Forming Operations II-47
Pickling and Other Finishing Processes Clean Up the Hot-
Rolled Shapes II-47
Cold Forming - Modifies Properties of Some Steels II-48
Steel Recycling II-48

4. AN OVERVIEW OF MAJOR END-USE SEGMENTS II-49
Construction II-49
Automotive II-49
Machinery II-49
Appliances II-50
Canned Food II-50
Accessories II-50
Finishes II-50
Furniture II-50

5. STAINLESS STEEL INDUSTRY - AN OVERVIEW II-51
End-Use Applications of Stainless Steel II-51

6. GLOBAL STEEL ASSOCIATIONS II-53
British Constructional Steelwork Association (BCSA) (UK) II-53
British Metals Recycling Association (BMRA) (UK) II-53
Iron and Steel Statistics Bureau (ISSB) (UK) II-53
Malaysian Structural Steel Association (MSSA) (Malaysia) II-53
Metals Industry Skills and Performance Ltd. (MetSkill) (UK) II-53
National Association of Steel Stockholders (NASS) (UK) II-53
The International Iron and Steel Institute (IISI) (Belgium) II-54
The Rolled Steel Association (Germany) II-54

7. PRODUCT INTRODUCTIONS/INNOVATIONS II-55
ArcelorMittal Unveils iCARe II-55
Nissan Motor Collaborates with Nippon Steel and Kobe Steel to
Launch Ultra High Tensile Strength Steel II-55

8. PRODUCT INNOVATION/LAUNCHES IN THE RECENT PAST - A PERSPECTIVE
BUILDER II-56
NSK Launches ES1: Stainless Steel for Bearings II-56
United States Steel Unveils ACRYLUME CF™ Coated Sheet II-56
Nippon Steel & Sumikin Stainless Steel Introduces FW Series
Stainless Steel II-56
Tata Steel Unveils Galvanized Plain Steel Brand II-56
Baosteel Develops Hot Rolled Steel II-57
Baosteel Develops Stainless Steel Material II-57
Yenakiyevo Steel Plant Unveils New Steel Grades II-57

9. RECENT INDUSTRY ACTIVITY II-58
Kingspan Group Acquires Construction Group of ThyssenKrupp
Steel Europe II-58
Bushwick Metals Takes Over Steel Service Companies II-58
Cianbro Acquires New Fabrication Facility II-59
Trinecke Zelezarny Acquires Wire Production Segment of ZDB Group II-59
JSW Steel Embarks on Merger Operation II-59
Pitti Castings Takes Over Vaksh Steel’s Foundry Unit II-59
Synalloy Takes Over Palmer of Texas II-60
JMC Steel Takes Over Lakeside Steel II-60
Nucor Acquires Skyline Steel II-61
Alert Steel Holdings to Acquire Steelmecca’s Business II-61
Precision Strip Acquires the Assets of the Worthington Steel
Vonore Plant II-61
Reliance Steel & Aluminum Takes Over National Specialty Alloys II-62
Bekaert Enters into a Joint Venture with Southern Steel Berhad II-62
JFE Steel Enters into an Agreement with JSW Steel II-62
Sumitomo Enters into a Joint Venture with Mukand II-63
Nippon Steel, Sumitomo, Sumitomo Pipe & Tube and Metal One to
Form a Joint Venture in Mexico II-63
Therma Luzon Enters into Partnership with Melters Steel II-63
POSCO Starts POSCO-CSPC Facility II-64
Baosteel Group Takes Over Fujian Desheng Nickel Product II-64
ArcelorMittal Ostrava Rolls Out New Steel Element for Road
Safety Barriers II-64
POSCO Unveils PBC-EV Steel Body for Electric Vehicles II-65
Outokumpu to Acquire Inoxum II-65
Nucor and ArcelorMittal Ink Stock Purchase Agreement II-65
Usiminas Mecânica and RCC Holding Ink Memorandum of Understanding II-65
Guangzhou Steel Sheets Replaces Guangzhou Iron and Steel
Enterprises Holdings as Investment Partner in Guangzhou JFE
Steel Sheet II-66
ArcelorMittal Constructs Wire Rod Mill in Duisburg II-66
Baosteel International Takes Over Baosteel Metal Auto Spare
Parts Sector II-66
Tata Steel Bags Contract from Discovery Producer Services II-67
Tata Steel Receives Contract from Enterprise Products Partner II-67
Siemens Wind Power Bestows Upon Steel Plate Contract to Tata
Steel II-68
OneSteel Takes Over Subsidiary Companies of WPG Resources II-68
Unigal Usiminas Inaugurates New Hot-Dip Galvanizing Production
Line in Ipatinga Mill II-68
Sumitomo Metal Industries Develops New Tin-Added Corrosion-
Resistant Steel II-69
Mechel Acquires DEMZ II-69
Sumitomo Metal Industries and Nippon Steel to Merge II-69
Ryerson Acquires Turret Steel and Affiliates II-70
Nippon Metal and Nisshin Steel to Merge II-70
Foulath Subsidiary SULB Takes Over UGS II-70
EAHL Takes Over Zisco II-70
ISCL Introduces Pioneering ISC Steel Zone at Rajasthan II-71
Special Steel Business Unit Enters into Strategic Cooperation
Agreement with Getrag (Jiangxi) Transmission II-71
Tata Steel Inks Licensing Agreement with Rio Tinto on Hisarna™ II-71
POSCO-CORE INDIA Opens New Facility II-72
United States Steel Inks Tubular Products Technology Agreement
with Lambda Technologies Group II-72
POSCO Takes Over Minor Stake in Tuwairqi Steel Mill II-72
Reliance Steel & Aluminium Takes Over Continental Alloys &
Services II-73
NLMK Purchases Remaining 50% Stake in Steel Invest and Finance
from Duferco II-73
Anshan Steel Gets Approval to Merge with Sanming Iron & Steel II-73
ROBOR Takes Over KMG Carbon Steel Division II-73
Ryerson Takes Over Singer Steel II-74
Endless Acquires Niagara LaSalle II-74
Sanyo and Mitsui Inks a Definitive Agreement with MUSCO for
Steel Manufacturing and Sale II-74
JSW Forms a Joint Venture with Marubeni-Itochu II-75
Erasteel to Enter into Deal with HeYe II-75

10. CORPORATE ACTIVITY IN THE RECENT PAST - A PERSPECTIVE BUILDER II-76
Metinvest Completes Merger with Ilyich Steel II-76
Sumitomo to Buy Stake in Bhushan Steels II-76
Tata Steel Sells Stake to Southern Steel II-76
Niagara LaSalle Acquires Three Companies II-76
Esmark Combines US Businesses II-77
Benxi Iron and Steel to Take Over Beitai Iron And Steel II-77
D&J (Steels) Acquires Midsteel Bars II-77
Worthington Industries Takes Over Gibraltar Industries II-77
Essar Steel Opens Steel Hypermarts in Madhya Pradesh II-77
EVRAZ Group Takes Over Cassar World Investments II-78
Toyota Tsusho, JFE Steel and Maruichi Steel Tube to Take Over
Jeong An Vina II-78
Baosteel Unveils Nitrogen-Controlled Martensitic Stainless Steel II-79
EVRAZ Group Implements PCI Technology in Pig Iron Production II-79
EVRAZ Group Enters into Agreement with ArcelorMittal Ostrava II-79
JFE Steel Inks Technical Collaboration Agreement with GMH
Holding to Expand Relationship II-79
BlueScope Steel Inks Joint Technical Collaboration Agreement
with Nippon Steel II-80
Evraz Group Divests ZAO Koksovaya to ZAO Raspadskaya-Koksovaya II-80
JFE Steel Enters into Agreement with Mycron Steel for
Strategic Collaboration II-81
Gerdau to Takeover Gerdau Ameristeel II-81
Minova Takes Over Tomco Steel II-81
Jindal Steel and Power to Take Over Shadeed Iron & Steel II-81
Aurora Capital Group Inks Definitive Agreement with Northern
Steel Group II-82
Pangang, Benxi Iron and Steel, Anshan Iron and Steel to Merge II-82
Four Chinese Steel Firms to Merge II-82
Qatar Steel Acquires Minority Stake in South Steel II-82
Ternium to Acquire Stake in Ferrasa II-83
Mitsubishi Corporation to Merge with Shoji Light Metal II-83
JFE Steel Buys Minority Stake in SUNSCO II-83
Nittetsu Steel Pipe to Acquire Wuxi TSD II-83
Ternium Signs Memorandum of Understanding with Nippon Steel II-84
Shougang Group to Acquire Tonghua Iron & Steel Group II-84
WSP Holdings Establishes New Company II-84
Jai Balaji Merges with HEG Steel Division II-85
Thyssen Krupp Steel Europe to Partly Transfer Stainless Steel
Business into Alliance with Outokumpu II-85
Consolidated Thompson Inks Agreement with Wuhan Iron and Steel
Corp II-85
NMDC Merges with Sponge Iron India II-85
POSCO to Acquire Interest in Sungjin Geotec II-85
Hebei Iron & Steel Group to Take Over Shijiazhuang Iron & Steel II-85
Mill Steel Takes Over Assets of Coated Steel II-85
Jinan Iron and Steel to Acquire Laiwu Steel II-86
Joseph T. Ryerson & Son Takes Over Texas Steel Processing II-86
Magneti Marelli Takes Over International Steel Solutions'
Tennessee Facility II-86
Tata Ryerson Renamed as Tata Steel Processing and Distribution II-86
CSN Acquires Share in Panatlantica II-86
Mycron Steel and JFE Steel Ink Strategic Collaboration Agreement II-87
JFE Steel and Marubeni-Itochu Bag Line Pipe Orders from
Chevron Australia II-87
MMK Commences Secondary Steel Treatment Complex II-87
Nucor and Mitsui Enter into Joint Venture to Form NuMit II-87
POSCO Inks Technological Support and Steel Products Supply
Agreement with KOCEMA II-88
Baosteel Group Inks Strategic Cooperation Agreement with
Turfan Prefectural Administration Office II-88
Tata Steel to Form Joint Venture with Nippon Steel II-88
Canam Group Acquires Stake in FabSouth II-88
Taiyuan Iron and Steel to Take Over Private Peers II-89
Hebei Iron and Steel Group to Merge its Subsidiaries II-89
Wuhan Iron and Steel Company to Take Over Stake in MMX
Mineracao e Metalicos II-89
Nuclear Power and Larsen and Toubro to Enter into Joint Venture II-89
Pipejoin Technologies Inks Definitive Agreement with Extol
Resources II-89
Nanjing Iron and Steel to Take Over Assets of Nanjing Iron and
Steel United II-89
JFE Steel and JSW Steel to Ink Collaborative Agreement II-90
General Steel Holdings Inks LOI with Tangshan Baotai Iron and
Steel Group II-90
Essar Steel Acquires Shree Precoated Steels II-90
CIFCO Futures to Merge Jiahe CIFCO Futures and China
International Futures II-90
Three Foreign Companies Take Over Indonesian Steel Plants II-91
Harsco Inks Agreement with Scholz Recycling II-91
Evraz Group Inks Agreement to Acquire Carbofer Metall II-91
Steel Companies to Divest Interest in Wabush Mines JV to
Consolidated Thompson Iron Mines II-91
National Mineral Development to Enter into Joint Venture with
Major Steel Companies II-92
Manhattan Scientifics and Carpenter Technology Ink Contract II-92
ArcelorMittal to Take Over Interest in Uttam Galva Steels II-92
ArcelorMittal Netherlands Inks Agreement with Promoters of
Uttam Galva Steels II-92
Shandong Iron & Steel Group to Take Over Majority Interest in
Rizhao Steel Holding Group II-92
AMETEK Specialty Metal Powders Acquires ANCOR® Specialties
Stainless Steel Powder II-93
Dongbei Special Steel Group Takes Over Anshan East Asia
Precision Stainless Steel II-93
Shougang Group Acquires Majority Interest in Changzhi Steel II-93
Yalian Steel Acquires Yangzhou Yalian Steel Pipe II-93
OJSC Novolipetsk Steel Takes Over Production Association
Uralvtorchermet II-93
Big Tex Trailer Manufacturing Takes Over Circle J Trailers II-93
CSP Inks MoU with Brazilian State II-94
Gansu Jiuquan to Take Over Steel Assets of Jiuquan Iron and
Steel Group II-94
Xinyu Iron & Steel Takes Over Jiangxi Hongdu Steel II-94
Nippon Steel to Take Over Interest in Posco Vietnam's Steel
Facility II-94
A.P. Moller-Maersk Inks Agreement with Baosteel II-94
Scana Steel Booforge Acquires Assets of Ljungby Mekan II-94
Tata Ryerson Establishes Steel Servicing Center II-94
SteelTeam and Konecranes Ink Agreement II-95
Baosteel Group Receives Chinese Regulatory Approvals for
Acquiring Aquila Resources II-95
China Securities Regulatory Commission Approves Launch of
Screw and Wire Steel Futures on SHFE II-95
Usiminas Establishes Integrated Operation Center II-95
Baosteel and China National Aviation Fuel Inks Steel Supply
Agreement II-96
POSCO and Krakatau Steel Signs MOU to Establish an Integrated
Steel Mill II-96
POSCO and USP Constructs Steel Pipe Facility II-96
POSCO Opens Two Steel Processing plants II-96
Mechel Commissions Ladle Furnace #3 II-96
MMK Increases the Size Range Hot Dip Galvanized Steel II-97
MMK Starts Production of Hot Dip Galvanized Steel Sheet II-97
MMK Commences Production of S500MC Steel Grade for OJSC KAMAZ II-97
Novolipetsk Steel Upgrades BOF Shop#1 II-97
NLMK Resumes Production of Transformer Steel II-98
Baosteel International West Area Inks Supply Agreement with
Sichuan Luzhou II-98
Sumitomo Metal and Bhushan Steel Inks MOU for Steel Sheets'
OEM Supply II-98
Usiminas Forms Soluções Usiminas II-98
Cargill Buys Stake in Cargill Robinson II-98
Brown-Strauss Steel Purchases Assets of B-S Steel II-99
TATA Steel to Merge with HMPCL II-99
POSCO and Nippon Steel Form Joint Venture II-99
Fortescue Inks Agreement with Valin II-99
Kyoei Steel to merge with Tokyo Tekko II-100
China Opportunity Acquisition Merges with Golden Green
Enterprises II-100
Shougang to Takeover Changzhi Steel II-100
Noveko International Plans to Buy BLI II-100
SAIL Purchases Malvika Steel II-101
Bhushan Steel Purchases Interest in Orissa Sponge II-101
Evraz Group to Acquire Delong Holdings II-101
Baosteel Group Plans to Purchase Ningbo Steel II-102
JFE Steel Signs Agreement with Rasselstein II-102
Vallourec Extends Collaboration with Sumitomo II-102
Baosteel and CSSC Sign Strategic Cooperation Agreement II-103
U. S. Steel Tubular Products Chooses to Close Drawn-Over-
Mandrel Tubular Products Business II-103
Tubacex Signs Long Term Cooperative Deal with Vallourec II-103
Franklin Acquires Outstanding Shares of Vertical II-104
Centrex Metals to Enter into a Joint Venture with Baotou II-104
Bharat Forge and Areva Sign MoU II-104
Severstal to Supply Steel for Renault Sandero II-104
Corus Signs MoU with Marcegaglia and Dongkuk II-104
Ruukki to Merge with Ruukki Production and Ruukki Metals II-105
Sumitomo and Nippon Sign an Agreement to Integrate Business II-105
Rautaruukki Acquires Skalles Eiendomsselskap II-105
Mechel to Acquire Inprom II-105
Monnet Ispat Acquires Stake in Orissa Sponge I ron & steel II-105
MMK and Magnetto Automotive Invalidate Joint Venture II-106
Visa Steel Raises Stake in Visa Bao II-106
Minmetal Buys OZ Minerals II-106
Mold Tek Technologies Signs Agreement with RMM Global and TechNet II-106
Angang Obtains Approval to Raise its Stake II-106

11. FOCUS ON SELECT GLOBAL PLAYERS II-107
Anshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd (China) II-107
ArcelorMittal (Luxembourg) II-107
Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd (China) II-107
Evraz Group S.A. (Russia) II-108
Nizhniy Tagil Iron and Steel Works II-108
Novokuznetsk Iron and Steel Plant II-108
Evraz Vítkovice Steel (Czech Republic) II-108
Gerdau S.A. (Brazil) II-108
Hebei Iron and Steel Group Company Limited (China) II-109
JFE Steel Corporation (Japan) II-109
Jiangsu Shagang Group Co., Ltd. (China) II-109
Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation (Japan) II-110
Nucor Corporation (USA) II-110
POSCO (South Korea) II-110
Riva Group (Italy) II-111
Siderúrgica Venezolana SIVENSA S.A (Venezuela) II-111
Tata Steel Ltd. (India) II-111
Tata Steel Europe Ltd. (UK) II-111
Tenaris S.A. (Luxembourg) II-112
Tenaris Tamsa (Mexico) II-112
ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG (Germany) II-112
United States Steel Corporation (USA) II-113

12. GLOBAL MARKET PERSPECTIVE II-114
Table 27: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Steel by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East, Latin America and
Africa Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption
in Million Metric Tons for Years 2010 through 2018 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-114

Table 28: World Historic Review for Steel by Geographic Region
- US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan),
Middle East, Latin America and Africa Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Million Metric Tons for
Years 2004 through 2009 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-115

Table 29: World 15-Year Perspective for Steel by Geographic
Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Consumption for US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East, Latin America and Africa Markets for Years 2004, 2011 &
2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-116
Steel Market by End-Use Segment II-117
Table 30: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Steel in Construction Sector by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East, Latin America and Africa Markets Independently Analyzed
with Annual Consumption in Million Metric Tons for Years 2010
through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-117

Table 31: World Historic Review for Steel in Construction
Sector by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East, Latin America and
Africa Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption
in Million Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-118

Table 32: World 15-Year Perspective for Steel in Construction
Sector by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume
Consumption for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East, Latin America and Africa
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-119

Table 33: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Steel in Automotive Industry by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East, Latin America and Africa Markets Independently Analyzed
with Annual Consumption in Million Metric Tons for Years 2010
through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-120

Table 34: World Historic Review for Steel in Automotive
Industry by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East, Latin America and
Africa Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption
in Million Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-121

Table 35: World 15-Year Perspective for Steel in Automotive
Industry by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume
Consumption for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East, Latin America and Africa
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-122

Table 36: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Steel in Machinery by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East, Latin
America and Africa Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Consumption in Million Metric Tons for Years 2010 through 2018
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-123

Table 37: World Historic Review for Steel in Machinery by
Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East, Latin America and Africa
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption in
Million Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-124

Table 38: World 15-Year Perspective for Steel in Machinery by
Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Consumption
for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan),
Middle East, Latin America and Africa Markets for Years 2004,
2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-125

Table 39: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Steel in Other Domestic/ Commercial Equipment by Geographic
Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding
Japan), Middle East, Latin America and Africa Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Million
Metric Tons for Years 2010 through 2018 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-126

Table 40: World Historic Review for Steel in Other
Domestic/Commercial Equipment by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East, Latin America and Africa Markets Independently Analyzed
with Annual Consumption in Million Metric Tons for Years 2004
through 2009 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-127

Table 41: World 15-Year Perspective for Steel in Other
Domestic/Commercial Equipment by Geographic Region -
Percentage Breakdown of Volume Consumption for US, Canada,
Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East,
Latin America and Africa Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-128

Table 42: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Steel in Other End-Uses by Geographic Region - US, Canada,
Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East,
Latin America and Africa Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Consumption in Million Metric Tons for Years 2010
through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-129

Table 43: World Historic Review for Steel in Other End-Uses by
Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East, Latin America and Africa
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption in
Million Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-130

Table 44: World 15-Year Perspective for Steel in Other
End-Uses by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume
Consumption for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East, Latin America and Africa
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-131


III. MARKET

1. THE UNITED STATES III-1
A.Market Analysis III-1
Outlook III-1
Industry Overview III-1
US Steel Industry III-1
Reduction in De-Stocking Moves: A Harbinger of Recovery III-2
Imports Slow Down Growth in Standard Pipe Production in the US III-2
Flexibility: The Winning Formula III-2
Mergers of Integrated Mills with Mini-Mills: A Possible
Solution? III-3
Issues to be Addressed before Consolidation III-3
Styled Steel Wheels Making Inroads III-3
Slump in Heavy Steel Demand: A Major Concern for the Steel
Industry III-3
A Brief Sketch of Steel Industry’s Major End-Use Market III-3
How the Steel Industry Conquers the Automotive Challenges? III-4
The Steel Recycling Trends III-4
The Recycling Advantage III-4
Consumer-Initiated Steel Recycling Programs III-4
China- The Looming Threat to the US Steel Industry III-4
Key Statistics: III-5
Table 45: North American Pig Iron Market (2011): Percentage
Share Breakdown of Production Output by Country - USA,
Canada, and Mexico (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-5

Table 46: US Steel Market (2011): Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Production by Product Type - Flat Products and Long
Products (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-5

Table 47: US Crude Steel Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Volume Production by Type of Process -
Electric Furnace and Oxygen Blown Converter (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-5
Strategic Corporate Development III-6
Product Launch III-11
Key Players III-12
B.Market Analytics III-13
Table 48: US Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Steel by End-Use Segment - Construction, Automotive,
Machinery, Other Domestic/Commercial Equipment, and Others
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption
Figures in Million Metric Tons for Years 2010 through 2018
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-13

Table 49: US Historic Review for Steel by End-Use Segment -
Construction, Automotive, Machinery, Other
Domestic/Commercial Equipment, and Others Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption Figures in
Million Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-14

Table 50: US 15-Year Perspective for Steel by End-Use
Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Consumption for
Construction, Automotive, Machinery, Other
Domestic/Commercial Equipment, and Others Markets for Years
2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-15

2. CANADA III-16
A.Market Analysis III-16
Outlook III-16
Industry Scenario III-16
Implement New Production Processes and Be Competitive III-16
Technological Change Shapes Convergence of Steel Mills III-16
The Growth Strategy III-17
Working in Tandem with End-Users - The Feature of Canadian
Steel Industry III-17
With Automotive Industry III-17
With Construction Industry III-17
With Household Appliances Industry III-17
With Steel Can Producers III-17
Productivity: The Backbone of Domestic Steel Industry’s
Success in 1990s III-18
Customer-Oriented Product Line III-18
Implementation of Advanced Technologies and Innovations III-18
Adopting a New Employment Structure III-18
New Investments in Employees Training Programs III-18
Steel Industry and its Customer Markets III-19
The Road Ahead III-19
B.Market Analytics III-20
Table 51: Canadian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for Steel by End-Use Segment - Construction, Automotive,
Machinery, Other Domestic/Commercial Equipment, and Others
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption
Figures in Million Metric Tons for Years 2010 through 2018
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-20

Table 52: Canadian Historic Review for Steel by End-Use
Segment - Construction, Automotive, Machinery, Other
Domestic/Commercial Equipment, and Others Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption Figures in
Million Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-21

Table 53: Canadian 15-Year Perspective for Steel by End-Use
Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Consumption for
Construction, Automotive, Machinery, Other Domestic/
Commercial Equipment, and Others Markets for Years 2004,
2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-22

3. JAPAN III-23
A.Market Analysis III-23
Outlook III-23
Market Overview III-23
Key Statistics: III-24
Table 54: Japanese Steel Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Volume Sales by Product Type - Flat Products
and Long Products (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-24

Table 55: Japanese Steel Market (2011): Breakdown of Export
Volume by Product Type III-24

Table 56: Japanese Steel Market (2011): Breakdown of Import
Volume by Product Type (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-24

Table 57: Japanese Steel Market (2011): Percentage Share
Breakdown of Production by Leading Players (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-25
Strategic Corporate Developments III-25
Product Launches III-26
Key Players III-27
B.Market Analytics III-28
Table 58: Japanese Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for Steel by End-Use Segment - Construction, Automotive,
Machinery, Other Domestic/Commercial Equipment, and Others
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption
Figures in Million Metric Tons for Years 2010 through 2018
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-28

Table 59: Japanese Historic Review for Steel by End-Use
Segment - Construction, Automotive, Machinery, Other
Domestic/Commercial Equipment, and Others Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption Figures in
Million Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-29

Table 60: Japanese 15-Year Perspective for Steel by End-Use
Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Consumption for
Construction, Automotive, Machinery, Other Domestic/
Commercial Equipment, and Others Markets for Years 2004,
2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-30

4. EUROPE III-31
A.Market Analysis III-31
Outlook III-31
The European Steel Industry and the European Economy III-31
Prepared to Embrace New Technologies III-31
Qualified, Trained and Motivated Personnel III-31
Reaching & Serving Customers III-31
Key Statistics: III-32
Table 61: EU Steel Market (2011): Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales by Product Type - Hot Rolled Flat Products and
Hot Rolled Long Products (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-32

Table 62: Crude Steel Production in the Euro Zone (2011):
Percentage Share Breakdown of Production Volume by Select
Countries (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-32

Table 63: European Stainless Steel Market (2011):
Percentage Market Share Breakdown by Leading Companies
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-32
B.Market Analytics III-33
Table 64: European Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for Steel by Geographic Region - France, Germany, Italy, UK,
Spain, Russia and Rest of Europe Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Consumption Figures in Million Metric
Tons for Years 2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-33

Table 65: European Historic Review for Steel by Geographic
Region - France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Russia and Rest
of Europe Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Consumption Figures in Million Metric Tons for Years 2004
through 2009 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-34

Table 66: European Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for Steel by End-Use Segment - Construction, Automotive,
Machinery, Other Domestic/Commercial Equipment, and Others
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption
Figures in Million Metric Tons for Years 2010 through 2018
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-35

Table 67: European Historic Review for Steel by End-Use
Segment - Construction, Automotive, Machinery, Other
Domestic/Commercial Equipment, and Others Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption Figures in
Million Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-36

Table 68: European 15-Year Perspective for Steel by
Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume
Consumption for France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Russia
and Rest of Europe Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-37

Table 69: European 15-Year Perspective for Steel by End-Use
Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Consumption for
Construction, Automotive, Machinery, Other Domestic/
Commercial Equipment, and Others Markets for Years 2004,
2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-38

4a. FRANCE III-39
A.Market Analysis III-39
Outlook III-39
B.Market Analytics III-39
Table 70: French Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Steel by End-Use Segment - Construction, Automotive,
Machinery, Other Domestic/Commercial Equipment, and Others
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption
Figures in Million Metric Tons for Years 2010 through 2018
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-39

Table 71: French Historic Review for Steel by End-Use
Segment - Construction, Automotive, Machinery, Other
Domestic/Commercial Equipment, and Others Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption Figures in
Million Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-40

Table 72: French 15-Year Perspective for Steel by End-Use
Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Consumption for
Construction, Automotive, Machinery, Other Domestic/
Commercial Equipment, and Others Markets for Years 2004,
2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-41

4b. GERMANY III-42
A.Market Analysis III-42
Outlook III-42
The Rolled Steel Association III-42
Strategic Corporate Developments III-42
Key Players III-43
B.Market Analytics III-44
Table 73: German Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Steel by End-Use Segment - Construction, Automotive,
Machinery, Other Domestic/Commercial Equipment, and Others
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption
Figures in Million Metric Tons for Years 2010 through 2018
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-44

Table 74: German Historic Review for Steel by End-Use
Segment - Construction, Automotive, Machinery, Other
Domestic/Commercial Equipment, and Others Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption Figures in
Million Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-45

Table 75: German 15-Year Perspective for Steel by End-Use
Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Consumption for
Construction, Automotive, Machinery, Other Domestic/
Commercial Equipment, and Others Markets for Years 2004,
2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-46

4c. ITALY III-47
A.Market Analysis III-47
Outlook III-47
Key Player III-47
B.Market Analytics III-48
Table 76: Italian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for Steel by End-Use Segment - Construction, Automotive,
Machinery, Other Domestic/Commercial Equipment, and Others
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption
Figures in Million Metric Tons for Years 2010 through 2018
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-48

Table 77: Italian Historic Review for Steel by End-Use
Segment - Construction, Automotive, Machinery, Other
Domestic/Commercial Equipment, and Others Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption Figures in
Million Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-49

Table 78: Italian 15-Year Perspective for Steel by End-Use
Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Consumption for
Construction, Automotive, Machinery, Other Domestic/
Commercial Equipment, and Others Markets for Years 2004,
2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-50

4d. THE UNITED KINGDOM III-51
A.Market Analysis III-51
Outlook III-51
Steel Associations III-51
British Constructional Steelwork Association (BCSA) III-51
British Metals Recycling Association (BMRA) III-51
Iron and

Steel in World

Iran Steel Exports, Us$mn

• $ 250
• Industry data
• February 2013

Yearly, From 2005 To 2010
By Business Monitor International
Source: ISSB, World Steel Assocation, BMI

• Industries : Metal Mining
• Countries : Iran, World

Turkey Steel Imports, Us$mn

• $ 250
• Industry data
• February 2013

Yearly, From 2005 To 2011
By Business Monitor International
Source: ISSB, World Steel Association, BMI

• Industries : Metal Mining
• Countries : World

Turkey Crude Steel Production, `000 Tonnes

• $ 250
• Industry data
• February 2013

Yearly, From 2004 To 2017
By Business Monitor International
Source: World Steel Association

• Industries : Metal Mining
• Countries : World

Iran Crude Steel Production, Us$mn

• $ 250
• Industry data
• February 2013

Yearly, From 2005 To 2010
By Business Monitor International
Source: ISSB, World Steel Assocation, BMI

• Industries : Metal Mining
• Countries : Iran, World

Iran Steel Imports, Us$mn

• $ 250
• Industry data
• February 2013

Yearly, From 2005 To 2010
By Business Monitor International
Source: ISSB, World Steel Assocation, BMI

• Industries : Metal Mining
• Countries : Iran, World

Metal Mining in World

Turkey Silver Domestic Population Mn

• $ 250
• Industry data
• February 2013

Yearly, From 1990 To 2017
By Business Monitor International
Source: World Bank/UN/BMI Calculation

• Industries : Metal Mining
• Countries : World

Laos Silver Domestic Population Mn

• $ 250
• Industry data
• February 2013

Yearly, From 1990 To 2017
By Business Monitor International
Source: World Bank/UN/BMI Calculation

• Industries : Metal Mining
• Countries : Laos, World

Macau Silver Domestic Population Mn

• $ 250
• Industry data
• February 2013

Yearly, From 2007 To 2017
By Business Monitor International
Source: World Bank/UN/BMI Calculation

• Industries : Metal Mining
• Countries : World

Oman Silver Domestic Population Mn

• $ 250
• Industry data
• February 2013

Yearly, From 1990 To 2017
By Business Monitor International
Source: World Bank/UN/BMI Calculation

• Industries : Metal Mining
• Countries : Oman, World

Cuba Silver Domestic Population Mn

• $ 250
• Industry data
• February 2013

Yearly, From 1990 To 2017
By Business Monitor International
Source: World Bank/BMI calculation/BMI Calculation

• Industries : Metal Mining
• Countries : Cuba, World