Chapter-1: SUMMARY
SUMMARY 4
SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION, THROUGH 2014 (MILLIONS) 5
SUMMARY FIGURE GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION, 2008-2014 (MILLIONS) 5
SUMMARY (CONTINUED) 6
Chapter-2: INDUSTRY OVERVIEW
IMPORTANCE OF THE INDUSTRY 7
HISTORY OF THE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS INDUSTRY 8
FLAME RETARDANCY BASICS 8
TERMINOLOGY 8
MECHANISMS OF BURNING 9
TABLE 1 ADDITIVES/MODIFIERS FOR CONTROLLING BURNING 9
FLAME RETARDANCY CONCEPTS 10
PHYSICAL DILUTION 10
CHEMICAL INTERFERENCE 10
INERT GAS DILUTION 11
THERMAL QUENCHING 11
PROTECTIVE COATINGS 11
TABLE 2 FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS AND THEIR MECHANISMS 12
TYPES OF FLAME RETARDANTS 12
ADDITIVE FLAME RETARDANTS 12
REACTIVE FLAME RETARDANTS 13
SYNERGISTIC FLAME RETARDANTS 13
TABLE 3 TYPICAL SYNERGISTIC FLAME RETARDANT COMBINATIONS (PERCENT) 14
FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 14
TABLE 4 COMBINED CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS FOR FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 14
FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICAL PRODUCTS 15
TABLE 5 FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS AND THE MARKETS IN WHICH THEY ARE USED 15
TABLE 6 GLOBAL FORECAST OF CONSUMPTION AND SALES OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS, THROUGH 2014 (MILLIONS) 15
TABLE 6 (CONTINUED) 16
ALUMINA TRIHYDRATE 16
ANTIMONY OXIDE 16
BROMINE-BASED 17
CHLORINE-BASED 18
MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE 18
MELAMINE 19
PHOSPHORUS-BASED 19
OTHER FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 20
FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICAL END-USE MARKETS 21
TABLE 7 MARKETS USING FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 21
PLASTICS 22
TEXTILES 22
WOOD AND PAPER 22
COATINGS USED FOR PAINTS 22
COATINGS USED FOR CONSTRUCTION 22
COATINGS USED FOR DECORATIONS 23
THE FUTURE OF THE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS INDUSTRY 23
THE FUTURE OF THE …(CONTINUED) 24
GOVERNMENT REGULATION 25
REACH 25
WEE 26
ROHS 26
UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES 26
U.S. AGENCIES CONCERNED WITH THE USE OF FLAME RETARDANTS 27
Consumer Products Safety Commission 27
National Fire Protection Association 28
TABLE 8 NFPA GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS 29
National Institute of Standards and Technology 29
Uniform Building Code 30
U.S. Federal Aviation Regulations 30
Upholstery Regulations 30
INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS REQUIRING THE USE OF FLAME RETARDANTS 31
Europe 31
European Committee for Standardization 31
ISO TC61 Committee Standards 32
The Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform (BERR) 32
The British Standards Institution (BSI) 32
Asia 33
UNITED STATES REGULATIONS RESTRICTING THE USE OF CERTAIN FLAME RETARDANTS 34
Toxic Substances Control Act 34
EPA Regulations 34
State Laws 35
EUROPEAN REGULATIONS RESTRICTING THE USE OF CERTAIN FLAME RETARDANTS 35
WEEE 35
RoHS 36
TESTING 36
TESTING GOALS 37
TYPES OF TESTING 37
Small-Scale Testing 37
TABLE 9 OXYGEN INDICES OF SOME COMMON MATERIALS 38
Cone Calorimeter 38
TABLE 10 CONE CALORIMETRY PARAMETERS AND VALUES 39
Medium-Scale Testing 39
Large-Scale Testing 39
UL-94 40
TABLE 11 UL-94 BURN TEST RATINGS 40
Additional Tests 40
Additional Tests (Continued) 41
Chapter-3: MARKETS BY PRODUCT TYPE
TABLE 12 FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 42
TABLE 13 GLOBAL FORECAST OF CONSUMPTION OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 43
FIGURE 1 GLOBAL SHARE OF THE PRODUCT MARKET FOR FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS BY VOLUME, 2008 (%) 43
FIGURE 1 (CONTINUED) 44
TABLE 14 GLOBAL FORECAST OF THE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 44
FIGURE 2 GLOBAL SHARE OF THE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET BY SALES, 2005 (%) 45
THE WORLDWIDE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET 45
THE WORLDWIDE FLAME RETARDANT … (CONTINUED) 46
TABLE 15 ESTIMATED WORLDWIDE CONSUMPTION OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 47
FIGURE 3 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY REGION, 2008 (%) 47
TABLE 16 ESTIMATED WORLDWIDE CONSUMPTION OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 48
FIGURE 4 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY REGION, 2008–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 48
ALUMINA TRIHYDRATE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 49
ALUMINA TRIHYDRATE SOURCES 49
ALUMINA TRIHYDRATE GRADES 49
WORLDWIDE ALUMINA TRIHYDRATE MARKET 50
TABLE 17 GLOBAL FORECAST OF ALUMINA TRIHYDRATE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY END USE, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 50
FIGURE 5 GLOBAL SHARE OF ALUMINA TRIHYDRATE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY END USE, 2008 (%) 51
TABLE 18 GLOBAL FORECAST OF ALUMINA TRIHYDRATE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET BY END USE, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 52
FIGURE 6 ESTIMATED WORLDWIDE MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH BY END USE OF ALUMINA TRIHYDRATE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS, 2008–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 52
TABLE 19 GLOBAL FORECAST OF ALUMINA TRIHYDRATE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 53
FIGURE 7 GLOBAL FORECAST OF ALUMINA TRIHYDRATE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY REGION, 2008–2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 54
ANTIMONY OXIDE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 54
ANTIMONY OXIDE SOURCES 55
ANTIMONY OXIDE PROPERTIES 55
TABLE 20 COMPARISON OF THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COLLOIDAL ANTIMONY PENTOXIDE VS. ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE 55
TABLE 21 ADVANTAGES OF COLLOIDAL ANTIMONY PENTOXIDE OVER ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE 56
WORLDWIDE ANTIMONY OXIDE MARKET 56
TABLE 22 GLOBAL FORECAST OF ANTIMONY OXIDE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY END USE, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 57
FIGURE 8 GLOBAL SHARE OF ANTIMONY OXIDE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY END USE, 2008 (%) 57
FIGURE 8 (CONTINUED) 58
TABLE 23 GLOBAL FORECAST OF THE ANTIMONY OXIDE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH BY END USE, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 58
FIGURE 9 GLOBAL FORECAST OF THE ANTIMONY OXIDE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH BY END USE, 2008–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 59
TABLE 24 GLOBAL FORECAST OF ANTIMONY OXIDE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 60
FIGURE 10 GLOBAL FORECAST OF ANTIMONY OXIDE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY REGION, 2008–2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 60
BROMINE-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 61
TABLE 25 GLOBAL SHARE OF BROMINE-BASED FLAME RETARDANTS IN ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONICS COMPONENTS, 2008 (%) 61
TABLE 26 CLASSES OF AROMATIC BROMINE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 62
TABLE 27 IMPORTANT AROMATIC BROMINE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 63
TABLE 28 IMPORTANT TYPES OF ALIPHATIC BROMINE COMPOUNDS 64
BROMINE PROPERTIES 64
BROMINE SOURCES 64
BROMINE GRADES 64
BROMINE MARKET SIZE 65
TABLE 29 GLOBAL FORECAST OF BROMINE-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY END USE, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 65
FIGURE 11 GLOBAL FORECAST OF BROMINE-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY END USE, 2008 (%) 66
TABLE 30 GLOBAL FORECAST OF THE BROMINE-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET BY END USE, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 67
FIGURE 12 GLOBAL FORECAST OF THE BROMINE-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET BY END USE, 2008–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 67
TABLE 31 GLOBAL FORECAST OF BROMINE-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 68
FIGURE 13 GLOBAL FORECAST OF BROMINE-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY REGION, 2008–2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 69
TABLE 32 GLOBAL FORECAST OF DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHER (DECA-BDE) CONSUMPTION BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 69
FIGURE 14 GLOBAL FORECAST OF DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHER (DECA-BDE) CONSUMPTION BY REGION, 2008–2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 70
CHLORINE-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 70
CHLORINE PROPERTIES 71
CHLORINE SOURCES 72
CHLORINE GRADES 72
Chlorinated Alicyclic Acid 72
Chlorinated Paraffins 72
Dechlorane Plus 72
CHLORINE MARKET SIZE 73
TABLE 33 GLOBAL FORECAST OF CHLORINE-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY END USE, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 74
FIGURE 15 GLOBAL SHARE OF CHLORINE-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY END USE, 2008 (MILLION POUNDS) 74
FIGURE 15 (CONTINUED) 75
TABLE 34 GLOBAL FORECAST OF THE CHLORINE-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET BY END USE, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 75
FIGURE 16 ESTIMATED WORLDWIDE MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH BY END USE OF CHLORINE-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS, 2008–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 76
TABLE 35 GLOBAL FORECAST OF CHLORINE-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 77
FIGURE 17 GLOBAL FORECAST OF CHLORINE-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY REGION, 2008–2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 77
MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 78
MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE PROPERTIES 78
MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE SOURCES 78
MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE GRADES 79
MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE MARKET SIZE 79
TABLE 36 GLOBAL FORECAST OF MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY END USE, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 79
FIGURE 18 GLOBAL SHARE OF MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY END USE, 2008 (%) 80
TABLE 37 GLOBAL FORECAST OF THE MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET BY END USE, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 81
FIGURE 19 GLOBAL FORECAST OF THE MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET BY END USE, 2008–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 81
TABLE 38 GLOBAL FORECAST OF MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 82
FIGURE 20 GLOBAL SHARE OF MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY REGION, 2008–2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 82
MELAMINE-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 83
MELAMINE PROPERTIES 83
MELAMINE SOURCES 84
MELAMINE GRADES 84
Pure Melamine 84
Melamine Derivatives 85
Melamine Homologues 85
TABLE 39 COMMON NITROGEN-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 86
MELAMINE MARKET SIZE 86
TABLE 40 GLOBAL FORECAST OF MELAMINE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY END USE, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 86
FIGURE 21 GLOBAL SHARE OF MELAMINE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY END USE, 2008 (%) 87
TABLE 41 GLOBAL FORECAST OF THE MELAMINE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET BY END USE, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 88
FIGURE 22 GLOBAL FORECAST OF THE MELAMINE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET BY END USE, 2008–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 88
TABLE 42 GLOBAL FORECAST OF MELAMINE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 89
FIGURE 23 GLOBAL FORECAST OF MELAMINE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY REGION, 2008–2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 89
PHOSPHORUS-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 90
PHOSPHATE ESTERS 90
PHOSPHONATES AND PHOSPHINATES 91
RED PHOSPHORUS 91
AMMONIUM POLYPHOSPHATE 91
PHOSPHORUS PROPERTIES 92
PHOSPHORUS MARKET SIZE 92
TABLE 43 GLOBAL FORECAST OF PHOSPHORUS-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY END-USE, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 92
FIGURE 24 GLOBAL SHARE OF PHOSPHORUS-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY END USE, 2008 (%) 93
TABLE 44 GLOBAL FORECAST OF THE PHOSPHORUS-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET BY END USE, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 94
FIGURE 25 GLOBAL FORECAST OF THE PHOSPHORUS-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET BY END USE, 2008–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 94
TABLE 45 GLOBAL FORECAST OF PHOSPHORUS-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 95
FIGURE 26 GLOBAL FORECAST OF PHOSPHORUS-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY REGION, 2009–2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 96
OTHER FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 96
BORON-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 97
Boron Properties 97
Zinc Borate 97
Boron Sources 98
Boron Grades 98
MOLYBDENUM-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 98
Molybdenum Properties 99
Molybdenum Sources 99
NANOCOMPOSITE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 99
In-Situ Polymerization 100
Solvent-Method 100
Melt-Intercalation 100
Nanocomposite Properties 101
Nanocomposite Sources 101
GRAPHITE-BASED FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 101
Graphite Properties 101
Graphite Sources 102
MARKET SIZE FOR OTHER FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 102
TABLE 46 GLOBAL FORECAST OF OTHER FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY END USE, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 102
FIGURE 27 GLOBAL SHARE OF OTHER FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY END USE, 2008 (%) 103
TABLE 47 GLOBAL FORECAST OF OTHER FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET BY END USE, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 104
FIGURE 28 GLOBAL FORECAST OF OTHER FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET BY END USE, 2008–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 104
TABLE 48 GLOBAL FORECAST OF OTHER FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 105
FIGURE 29 GLOBAL FORECAST OF OTHER FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY REGION, 2008–2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 105
Chapter-4: MARKETS BY APPLICATION
INTRODUCTION 106
TABLE 49 SOURCE OF U.S. RESIDENTIAL FIRES, 2005 (%) 106
TABLE 50 ITEM FIRST IGNITED IN U.S. RESIDENTIAL FIRES, 2005 107
TABLE 51 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 107
FIGURE 30 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION, BY APPLICATION, 2008 (%) 108
TABLE 52 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 109
FIGURE 31 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2009–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 110
PLASTICS 110
PLASTICS (CONTINUED) 111
TABLE 53 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS IN PLASTICS CONSUMPTION, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 112
FIGURE 32 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION IN PLASTICS, 2008 (%) 112
FIGURE 32 (CONTINUED) 113
TABLE 54 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET IN PLASTICS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 113
FIGURE 33 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET IN PLASTICS, 2009–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 114
TABLE 55 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET IN PLASTICS BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 115
FIGURE 34 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET IN PLASTICS BY REGION, 2009–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 115
PLASTICS (CONTINUED) 116
FLAME RETARDANT USE IN PLASTICS 117
TABLE 56 METHODS OF FLAME RETARDING POLYMERS 117
TABLE 57 CRITERIA FOR SELECTING FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 118
TABLE 58 TYPES OF PLASTICS USING FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 118
TABLE 58 (CONTINUED) 119
TABLE 59 U.S. PRODUCTION OF IMPORTANT PLASTICS USING FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS, 2008 (MILLION POUNDS, %) 119
FIGURE 35 SHARE OF U.S. PRODUCTION OF IMPORTANT PLASTICS USING FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS BY TYPE, 2008 (%) 120
TABLE 60 RELATIVE CONSUMPTION OF FLAME RETARDANTS IN PLASTICS, 2008 (MILLIONS POUNDS, %) 121
FIGURE 36 RELATIVE CONSUMPTION OF FLAME RETARDANTS IN PLASTICS, 2009 (%) 121
ACRYLICS 122
TABLE 61 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN ACRYLICS, 2008 (%) 122
FIGURE 37 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN ACRYLICS, 2008 (%) 123
Alumina Trihydrate in Acrylics 123
Antimony Oxide in Acrylics 124
Bromine in Acrylics 124
Chlorine in Acrylics 124
Phosphorus in Acrylics 124
Other Chemicals in Acrylics 124
EPOXIES 125
TABLE 62 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN EPOXIES, 2008 (%) 125
FIGURE 38 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN EPOXIES, 2008 (%) 125
Alumina Trihydrate in Epoxies 126
Antimony Oxide in Epoxies 126
Bromine in Epoxies 126
Chlorine in Epoxies 126
Phosphorus in Epoxies 126
Other Chemicals in Epoxies 127
NYLONS 127
TABLE 63 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN NYLONS, 2008 (%) 127
FIGURE 39 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN NYLONS, 2008 (%) 128
Alumina Trihydrate in Nylons 128
Bromine in Nylons 128
Chlorine in Nylons 129
Phosphorus in Nylons 129
Magnesium Hydroxide in Nylons 129
Other Chemicals in Nylons 129
PHENOLICS 130
TABLE 64 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN PHENOLICS, 2008 (%) 130
FIGURE 40 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN PHENOLICS, 2008 (%) 131
Alumina Trihydrate in Phenolics 131
Antimony Oxide in Phenolics 131
Bromine in Phenolics 131
Chlorine in Phenolics 132
Other Chemicals 132
POLYCARBONATES 132
TABLE 65 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN POLYCARBONATES, 2008 (%) 133
FIGURE 41 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN POLYCARBONATES, 2008 (%) 133
Bromine in Polycarbonates 133
Other Chemicals in Polycarbonates 134
POLYESTERS 134
TABLE 66 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN POLYESTERS, 2008 (%) 134
FIGURE 42 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN POLYESTERS, 2008 (%) 135
Alumina Trihydrate in Polyesters 135
Antimony Oxide in Polyesters 135
Bromine in Polyesters 136
Chlorine in Polyesters 136
Phosphorus in Polyesters 136
Melamine in Polyesters 136
Other Chemicals in Polyesters 136
POLYETHYLENES 137
TABLE 67 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN POLYETHYLENES, 2008 (%) 137
FIGURE 43 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN POLYETHYLENES, 2008 (%) 138
Antimony Oxide in Polyethylene 138
Bromine in Polyethylene 138
Chlorine in Polyethylene 139
Magnesium Hydroxide in Polyethylene 139
Other Chemicals in Polyethylene 139
POLYPROPYLENE 139
TABLE 68 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN POLYPROPYLENES, 2008 (%) 140
FIGURE 44 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN POLYPROPYLENES, 2008 (%) 140
Alumina Trihydrate in Polypropylene 141
Chlorine in Polypropylene 141
Magnesium Hydroxide in Polypropylene 141
TABLE 69 EFFECT OF MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE ON POLYPROPYLENE 142
Other Chemicals in Polypropylene 142
POLYURETHANE 142
TABLE 70 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN POLYURETHANES, 2008 (%) 143
FIGURE 45 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLA ME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN POLYURETHANES, 2008 (%) 143
Alumina Trihydrate in Polyurethane 144
Chlorine in Polyurethane 144
Phosphorus in Polyurethanes 144
TABLE 71 NITROGEN-PHOSPHORUS SYNERGY IN POLYURETHANES (%) 145
Melamine in Polyurethanes 145
Other Chemicals in Polyurethanes 145
POLYVINYL CHLORIDE 145
TABLE 72 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN POLYVINYL CHLORIDES, 2008 (%) 146
FIGURE 46 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN POLYVINYL CHLORIDES, 2008 (%) 147
Alumina Trihydrate in PVC 147
Antimony Oxide in PVC 147
Bromine in PVC 148
Chlorine in PVC 148
Phosphorus in PVC 148
Magnesium Hydroxide in PVC 148
TABLE 73 EFFECTS OF MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE IN POLYVINYL CHLORIDE 149
Other Chemicals in PVC 149
STYRENES 149
TABLE 74 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN STYRENES, 2008 (%) 150
FIGURE 47 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCT MARKET USED IN STYRENES, 2008 (%) 150
Alumina Trihydrate in Styrenes 151
Antimony Oxide in Styrenes 151
Bromine in Styrenes 151
Chlorine in Styrenes 151
Phosphorus in Styrenes 152
Magnesium Hydroxide in Styrenes 152
Other Chemicals in Styrenes 152
TEXTILES 152
TEXTILE CLASSIFICATIONS 153
Non-Durable 153
Semi-Durable 154
Durable 154
TYPES OF TEXTILES 154
Natural Fibers 154
Synthetic Fabrics 155
Blended Fabrics 155
MARKET SIZE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS IN TEXTILES 155
TABLE 75 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION IN TEXTILES, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 155
FIGURE 48 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION IN TEXTILES, 2008 (%) 156
TABLE 76 GLOBAL FORECAST OF THE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET IN TEXTILES, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 157
FIGURE 49 GLOBAL FORECAST OF THE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH IN TEXTILES, 2008–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 157
TABLE 77 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS USED FOR TEXTILES BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 158
FIGURE 50 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS USED FOR TEXTILES BY REGION, 2008–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 159
WOOD/PAPER 159
MARKET FOR FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS IN WOOD/PAPER 160
TABLE 78 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION IN WOOD AND PAPER, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 160
FIGURE 51 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION IN WOOD AND PAPER, 2008 (%) 161
TABLE 79 GLOBAL FORECAST OF THE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET IN WOOD AND PAPER, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 162
FIGURE 52 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET IN WOOD AND PAPER, 2008–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 162
TABLE 80 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICAL SALES USED FOR WOOD BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 163
FIGURE 53 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICAL SALES USED FOR WOOD BY REGION, 2008–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 163
COATINGS/PAINTS 164
WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS IN COATINGS AND PAINTS 164
TABLE 81 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION USED IN COATINGS/PAINTS, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 164
TABLE 81 (CONTINUED) 165
FIGURE 54 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION USED IN COATINGS/PAINTS, 2008 (%) 165
TABLE 82 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS SALES IN COATINGS/PAINTS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 166
FIGURE 55 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS SALES IN COATINGS/PAINTS, 2008–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 166
TABLE 83 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS SALES USED IN COATINGS/PAINTS, BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 167
FIGURE 56 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS SALES USED IN COATINGS/PAINTS, BY REGION, 2008–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 167
COATINGS/CONSTRUCTION 168
MARKET FOR FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS IN COATINGS/CONSTRUCTION 168
TABLE 84 GLOBAL FORECAST OF THE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET USED IN CONSTRUCTION COATINGS, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 169
FIGURE 57 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET USED IN CONSTRUCTION COATINGS, 2008 (%) 169
FIGURE 57 (CONTINUED) 170
TABLE 85 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET USED IN CONSTRUCTION COATINGS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 170
FIGURE 58 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME- RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET USED IN CONSTRUCTION COATINGS, 2008–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 171
TABLE 86 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS SALES USED IN CONSTRUCTION BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 171
FIGURE 59 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS SALES USED IN CONSTRUCTION BY REGION, 2008–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 172
COATINGS/DECORATIONS 172
MARKET FOR FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS IN COATINGS/DECORATIONS 173
TABLE 87 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS CONSUMPTION USED IN COATINGS FOR DECORATIONS, THROUGH 2014 (MILLION POUNDS) 174
FIGURE 60 GLOBAL SHARE OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET USED IN COATINGS FOR DECORATIONS, 2008 (%) 174
FIGURE 60 (CONTINUED) 175
TABLE 88 GLOBAL FORECAST OF THE FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET USED IN COATINGS FOR DECORATIONS, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 175
FIGURE 61 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS MARKET USED IN COATINGS FOR DECORATIONS, 2008–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 176
TABLE 89 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS SALES USED IN DECORATIVE COATINGS BY REGION, THROUGH 2014 ($ MILLIONS) 176
FIGURE 62 GLOBAL FORECAST OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS SALES USED IN DECORATIVE COATINGS BY REGION, 2008–2014 ($ MILLIONS) 177
Chapter-5: INDUSTRY STRUCTURE
INDUSTRY ENVIRONMENT 178
IMPORTANT STRATEGIES 179
DRIVING FORCES 179
TECHNOLOGY 180
METHODS OF MANUFACTURE 181
PATENT ACTIVITY 182
TABLE 90 FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICAL PATENT ACTIVITY BY COMPANY, 2001–2008 182
TABLE 90 (CONTINUED) 183
TABLE 91 RECENT PATENT ACTIVITY BY FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICAL, 2001–2008 184
TABLE 92 RECENT PATENT ACTIVITY BY APPLICATION, 2001–2008 184
TABLE 93 RECENT PATENT ACTIVITY BY REGION, 2001–2008 185
MARKET SHARES OF FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS PRODUCERS 185
TABLE 94 ESTIMATED U.S. MARKET SHARE FOR THE LEADING FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICAL PRODUCERS, 2008 (%) 186
TABLE 95 COMPANIES INVOLVED IN VARIOUS FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICAL MARKETS 187
PROFILES OF COMPANIES INVOLVED IN FLAME RETARDANT CHEMICALS 187
AKZONOBEL, INC. 187
ALBEMARLE CORPORATION 188
Albemarle Corporation (Continued) 189
TABLE 96 MAJOR FLAME RETARDANT PRODUCT LINES AVAILABLE FROM ALBEMARLE CORPORATION 191
ALCAN CHEMICALS, INC. 191
ALMATIS, INC. 192
ALUMINUM COMPANY OF AMERICA (ALCOA, INC.) 192
AMERIBROM, INC. 193
AMPACET CORPORATION 193
AMSPEC CHEMICAL CORPORATION 193
ARKEMA INC. 194
BARRICADE INTERNATIONAL, INC. 194
BASF-SE COMPANY 195
BAYER AG 196
CHEMTURA CORPORATION 196
CHINESE PRODUCERS 196
CIBA INC. 197
CLARIANT SPECIALTY CHEMICALS 198
DAIHACHI CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO. LTD 199
DEAD SEA BROMINE GROUP LTD 199
DEAD SEA PERICLASE LTD. 200
DIC CORPORATION 200
DOVER CHEMICAL CORPORATION 201
FRANKLIN INDUSTRIAL MINERALS 201
GREAT LAKES CHEMICAL COMPANY 202
TABLE 97 MAJOR FLAME RETARDANT PRODUCT LINES AVAILABLE FROM GREAT LAKES CHEMICAL (A CHEMTURA COMPANY) 203
TABLE 97 (CONTINUED) 204
HUBER ENGINEERED MATERIALS 205
INTERPLASTIC CORPORATION 206
ISRAEL CHEMICALS LTD. 206
ISRAEL CHEMICALS LTD. INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS (ICL-IP) 207
ICL PERFORMANCE PRODUCTS LP 208
INTERNATIONAL PROTECTIVE COATINGS CORP. 209
KYOWA CHEMICAL INDUSTRY COMPANY, LTD. 210
LANXESS 210
MARTIN MARIETTA MAGNESIA SPECIALTIES LLC 211
NANOCOR INC. 211
NYACOL NANO TECHNOLOGIES, INC. 212
OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION (OXYCHEM) 212
RHODIA GROUP 213
R.J. MARSHALL COMPANY 214
ROHM & HAAS SPECIALTY MAGNESIA 214
SHERWIN-WILLIAMS 215
ROCKWOOD CLAY ADDITIVES GMBH 215
SUPRESTA, LLC 216
TOR MINERALS INTERNATIONAL INC. 217
TOSOH CORPORATION 217
U.S. ANTIMONY SALES CORPORATION 218
U.S. BORAX INC. 218
VELSICOL CHEMICAL CORPORATION 219
Chapter-6: APPENDIX
APPENDIX 220
OTHER FLAME RETARDANT COMPANIES AND THEIR PRODUCTS 220
APEX CHEMICAL CORPORATION 220
CHINA NATIONAL CHEMICAL CONSTRUCTION 220
CYTEC INDUSTRIES, INC. 220
DAIHACHI CHEMICAL INDUSTRY 220
DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY 221
DUPONT 221
ITALMATCH CHEMICALS S.P.A. 221
NABALTEC 221
SAKAMOTO YAKUHIN KOGYO CO., LTD. 221
SPARTAN FLAME RETARDANTS 222
TATEHO CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES CO., LTD. 222
OTHER ORGANIZATIONS OF INTEREST 222
ALLIANCE FOR CONSUMER FIRE SAFETY IN EUROPE 222
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF STATE FIRE MARSHALS 222
AMERICAN FIRE SAFETY COUNCIL (AFSC) 222
BROMINE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL FORUM (BSEF) 223
EUROPEAN BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANT INDUSTRY PANEL 223
EUROPEAN FLAME RETARDANTS ASSOCIATION (EFRA) 223
FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION 223
GROUPEMENT TECHNIQUE FRANÇAIS CONTRE L'INCENDIE 223
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY 224
UNDERWRITERS LABORATORY 224
