Hydropower Energy Technologies Worldwide: Large, Small, Mini, Micro and Pico

Hydropower Energy Technologies Worldwide: Large, Small, Mini, Micro and Pico

This research report on Hydropower Energy presents an in-depth analysis of the development, applications, products, manufacturers, and trends in the development of the hydropower resources in the United States and around the world. Topics include the full gamut of hydropower generation, from conventional hydropower to newer wave energy and hydrokinetic technologies, from very large systems providing electricity to millions of people to the smallest systems suitable for a single family. Accounting for over 70% of renewable energy today, hydropower is poised to increased growth over the next five years, notwithstanding the emphasis currently being given to other renewable energy sources - wind and solar in particular. The report provides a comprehensive assessment of the current hydropower market, the environmental concerns that have limited its development in developed countries, the potential opportunities for new development (particularly in upgrading existing dams that do not produce power), and an assessment of developing technologies that harness the power of the ocean. Projected growth through 2013 for different sized hydro systems is provided including discussion of energy demand, environmental impacts, economic conditions, consumer acceptance, stakeholder concerns, and government activities as they affect growth rates. The report also profiles manufacturers and marketers of different hydro technologies and the strategies they have adopted to maximize growth and profitability.


Scope and Methodology


This report includes both primary and secondary research. Secondary research data have been obtained from government sources, trade association publications, business journals, and company literature. Statistical data are included for industry revenue, both globally and for the United States. The market size for Hydropower Energy technologies is projected from 2009 to 2013. Demand in each of the following application areas is analyzed in terms of overall revenue for developing hydro power:

• Large Hydro (10 MW or more of generating capacity)


• Small Hydro (1 to 10 MW of generating capacity)


• Mini Hydro (100 KW to 1 MW of generating capacity)


• Micro Hydro (5 KW to 100 KW of generating capacity)


• Pico Hydro (less than 5 KW of generating capacity)

Potential hydro power applications, buying trends, environmental issues, and energy considerations are also reviewed and analyzed. Market size estimates and forecasts are based on government and secondary sources, and the impact of factors such as government grants and incentives, environmental concerns, fuel and energy prices, economic considerations, and demand for renewable energy sources.


How You Will Benefit from this Report


If your company is involved in renewable energy, electric service, business consulting and integration of electric resources, energy planning, off-grid electric applications, general construction, or simply want to determine the myriad opportunities that exist with development of hydropower you will find this report invaluable, as it provides a comprehensive package of information and insight about conventional and ocean hydro technologies that are not offered in any other single source. You will gain a thorough understanding of hydropower applications and markets, as well as projected market sizes and trends through 2013.


This report will help:

• Marketing Managers identify market opportunities and develop targeted promotion plans for hydropower products and services.
  
  


• Research and Development Professionals stay on top of competitor initiatives, product applications, and demand for hydro technologies.
  
  


• Advertising Agencies working with clients in energy efficiency, energy service, and energy planning develop compelling messages and images to promote development of hydropower projects.
  
  


• Business Development Executives understand the dynamics of developing hydropower projects, identify potential partnerships, and detect new product applications.
  
  


• Information and Research Center Librarians provide market researchers, brand and product managers, and other colleagues with the vital information they need to do their jobs more effectively.

Chapter 1: Executive Summary

Scope

Research Methodology

Hydropower Past

Adverse Hydropower Impacts

Hydropower Development Costs

Figure 1-1: Top Hydroelectric Power Producers, 1980-2007 (terawatts)

Hydropower Today

Table 1-1: Sources of Renewable Energy in the United States, 2002 and 2007 (percent)

Demand for Electricity

Figure 1-2: Sources of Electricity, U.S. and World, 2007 (percent)

Water Power Potential

Table 1-2: Hydropower Resource Potential, by Continent, 2002 (percent)

Table 1-3: Power Potential of U.S. Water Energy Resource Sites

Figure 1-3: Hydrokinetic Production Potential, United States (TWh/yr)

Types of Hydropower Systems

Scale of Hydropower Systems

Hydropower Future

Factors Driving Hydropower Growth

Large Hydropower Growth

Figure 1-4: Global Large Hydropower Growth, 2009-2013 (gigawatts, $ billions)

Small Hydropower Growth

Figure 1-5: Hydro Capacity of New Licenses Issued by FERC, 1990-2009 (KW)

Figure 1-6: Small Hydropower Growth, 2009-2013 ($ billions)

Very Small Hydro Growth

Figure 1-7: Mini-Hydro Market Growth, 2009-2013 ($ millions)

Table 1-4: Global Hydro Growth Projections, 2009-2013 ($ millions)

Ocean Energy and Hydrokinetic Growth

Summary

Chapter 2: Hydropower

Scope

The Largest Renewable Energy Source

Table 2-1: Sources of Renewable Energy, 2002 and 2007 (percent)

Sources of Electric Power

Figure 2-1: Sources of Electricity, U.S. and World, 2007

Figure 2-2: Hydro Percent of Electric Production, by State, 2007

Electricity Demand

Table 2-2: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Countries

Figure 2-3: Electricity Production Estimates, 2005-2030 (trillion kilowatthours)

Figure 2-4: U. S. Electricity Growth Rates, 1950-2030 (percent)

History of Hydropower

Types of Hydropower Systems

Impoundment Systems

Figure 2-5: Impoundment Hydropower System

Pumped Storage Systems

Figure 2-6: Pumped Storage Hydropower System

Run-of-River Systems

Figure 2-7: Run-of-River Hydropower System

Hydrokinetic Power - Ocean Wave and Current Systems

Ocean Wave Energy

Figure 2-8: Terminator and Oscillating Water Column (OWC) Device

Figure 2-9: Overtopping Device

Figure 2-10: Point Absorber Devices

Figure 2-11: Attenuator Device

Ocean and Tidal Current Energy

River Current Energy

Ocean, Tidal, and River Current Turbines

Figure 2-12: Ocean and River Current Axial Turbine Devices

Figure 2-13: Ocean and River Current Cross-Flow Turbine Devices

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC)

Salinity Gradient Energy

Scale of Hydropower Systems

Figure 2-14: Micro-Hydro Run-of-River Plant

Hydropower Turbines

Figure 2-15: Francis Turbine Diagram

Figure 2-16: Kaplan Turbine Diagram

Figure 2-17: Pelton Wheel Diagram

Figure 2-18: Turgo Wheel Diagram

Figure 2-19: Cross-flow Turbine Diagram

Table 2-3: Water Turbine Application

Summary

Chapter 3: Conventional Hydro Market Size & Growth

Scope

Hydropower Today

Figure 3-1: Top Hydroelectric Power Producing Countries, 1980-2007 (terawatts)

Figure 3-2: Annual Hydropower Production, by Region, 1980-2007 (terawatts)

Hydropower Potential in the United States

Table 3-1: Power Potential of U.S. Water Energy Resource Sites

Large Scale Hydro Growth

Table 3-2: Largest Hydropower Facilities (Global) (MW of Capacity)

Figure 3-3: Large Hydropower Growth (Global), 2004-2008 (gigawatts, $ billions)

Figure 3-4: Large Hydropower Growth (Global), 2009-2013 (gigawatts, $ billions)

Large Scale Hydro Growth in the United States

Figure 3-5: New Hydropower Licenses Issued by FERC, 1990-2009

Figure 3-6: Hydro Capacity of New Licenses Issued by FERC, 1990-2009

Figure 3-7: Large Hydropower Growth in the United States, 2009-2013 ($ billions)

Small Hydro Growth

Figure 3-8: Small Hydropower Growth (Global), 2004-2008 (gigawatts, $ billions)

Figure 3-9: Small Hydropower Growth (Global and U.S.), 2009-2013 ($ billions)

Very Small Scale Hydropower Growth

Table 3-3: Very Small Hydro Systems

Table 3-4: Small Hydropower (SHP) Installations, by Region

Table 3-5: Populations With No Access to Electricity (millions)

Mini-Hydro Growth

Figure 3-10: Mini-Hydro Market Growth (Global and U.S.), 2009-2013 ($ millions)

Micro-Hydro Growth

Figure 3-11: Micro-Hydro Market Growth (Global and U.S.), 2009-2013 ($ millions)

Pico-Hydro Growth

Figure 3-12: Average Distributed Electric Generating Costs (300 W System) ($ per KW/hr)

Figure 3-13: Pico-Hydro Growth (Global), 2009-2013 ($ millions)

Growth Drivers and Inhibitors

Factors Enhancing Hydro Growth

Factors Inhibiting Hydro Growth

Table 3-6: Fish Mortality Rates, by Injury Type

Summary

Chapter 4: Hydrokinetic and Ocean Hydro Market Size and Growth

Scope

Ocean, Wave, and Hydrokinetic Potential

Figure 4-1: Annual Worldwide Average Wave Power Densities (kW/m)

Figure 4-2: Hydrokinetic Production Potential, United States (TWh/yr)

Ocean Energy Investments

Figure 4-3: Global Investments in Ocean Energy, 2004-2008 ($ millions)

Ocean Energy Production in the Years Ahead

Figure 4-4: Projected Growth in Ocean Energy Generated Electricity, 2009-2013 (MW)

Table 4-1: Companies With Producing Ocean Technologies (Full Scale Prototypes and Commercial Installations)

Costs of Setting up an Ocean Energy Power Converter

Projected World Growth in Ocean Energy, 2009-2013

The U.S. Ocean Energy Technology Market

Growth in the World Wave Energy Market

Figure 4-5: World Wave Energy Projects and Values, 1998-2009 ($ millions)

Leading Global Wave Energy Companies

Table 4-2: Wave Energy Companies with Full-Scale Prototypes

U.S. Wave Energy Market

Table 4-3: U.S. Geographic Locations and Potential Wave Energy Output

Growth in the World Tidal/Current Energy Market

Figure 4-6: World Tidal Energy Projects and Values, 2001-2009 ($ millions, number of projects)

Barrage Systems

U.S. Tidal Energy Market

U. S. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) Projects

Figure 4-7: Potential Markets for Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Projects

Salinity Gradient Projects

Factors Affecting Future Growth

Factors Enhancing Growth

Factors Inhibiting Growth

Summary

Chapter 5: Hydro Inventions and Innovations

Scope

The Power of Water Is Everywhere

Harnessing Power From Water Utilities

Bucket Generator System

Harnessing Water Power From The Home

Hydrokinetic Innovations

A Run-of-River Variant

Power Barges

Tailrace Water Power

A Slow Current Hydro Device

Recent Inventions

Table 5-1: Recent U.S. Patents for Hydro Inventions, 2007-2009

Hydrokinetic Inventions

Figure 5-1: Sewer Line Power Generating System Schematic

Figure 5-2: Transportable Hydro-Electric Generating System With Improved Water Pressure Enhancement Feature Schematic

Ocean Wave Hydropower Inventions

U.S. Department of Energy Hydro Research Activities

Recent Hydro Deployments

Wave Energy Development

Micro Hydro Development

Large HydroDevelopment

Summary

Chapter 6: Competitive Profiles

Scope

Pelamis Wave Power Ltd.

Overview

Performance

Table 6-1: Pelamis Wave Power Ltd.

Product Portfolio

Table 6-2: Pelamis Wave Power Ltd.

Significant Developments

Marine Current Turbines Ltd.

Overview

Company Performance

Table 6-3: Marine Current Turbines Ltd.

Product Portfolio

Table 6-4: Marine Current Turbines Ltd.

Significant Events

Grays Harbor Ocean Energy Company

Overview

Company Performance

Table 6-5: Grays Harbor Ocean Energy Company

Product Portfolio

Table 6-6: Grays Harbor Ocean Energy Company

Significant Events

Finavera Renewables Inc

Overview

Mergers and Acquisitions

Company Performance

Table 6-7: Finavera Renewables Inc

Product Portfolio

Table 6-8: Finavera Renewables Inc

Significant Events

Voith Hydro

Overview

Mergers and Acquisitions

Company Performance

Table 6-9: Voith Hydro

Product Portfolio

Table 6-10: Voith Hydro

Significant Events

Npower Renewables Ltd.

Overview

Company Performance

Table 6-11: Npower Renewables Ltd.

Product Portfolio

Table 6-12: Npower Renewables Ltd.

Significant Events

Asian Phoenix Resources Ltd.

Overview

Company Performance

Table 6-13: Asian Phoenix Resources Ltd.

Product Portfolio

Table 6-14: Asian Phoenix Resources Ltd.

Hydro Green Energy LLC

Overview

Company Performance

Table 6-15: Hydro Green Energy

Product Portfolio

Table 6-16: Hydro Green Energy

Significant Events

Rentricity Inc.

Overview

Company Performance

Table 6-17: Rentricity Inc.

Product Portfolio

Table 6-18: Rentricity Inc

Significant Events

Appendix