Europe’s fibre infrastructure gaining pace through investment stimuliDuring the last few years Europe has made considerable progress towards building national Next Generation Networks based on fibre infrastructure. The timetable for this exercise differs between countries, but most will have completed the migration from legacy copper networks to an All-IP architecture by 2020.
There are a number of stimuli which have encouraged investments in NGNs. The European Union’s programme that member states provide 30Mb/s broadband to all citizens by 2013, and 50Mb/s services by 2020, has provided the impetus and momentum for regional infrastructure upgrades. It has also given the impetus for the numerous spectrum auctions, in several bands, which are needed to realise the 2020 targets. These auctions may generate up to €20 billion for European governments to 2015.
In addition, all operators have been encouraged to build out networks through encouragement from governments keen to exploit the internet as a vehicle for socio-economic development, while competitive pressure from altnets has pushed some incumbents to invest in their networks at a faster pace than they may otherwise have chosen.
Regulatory aspects will also prove crucial to the sector’s development in coming years. The global economic crash which began in late 2008 and has since morphed into an ongoing regional Eurozone crisis looks set to continue into 2015 at least. The GFC initially encouraged governments to undertake considerable public investments in telecom infrastructure under the guise of stimulus packages. Yet existing constraints on public finances have now placed greater emphasis on the private sector for future infrastructure development. To this end, the onus has shifted to regulators’ abilities to develop measures which encourage investment while providing unhindered and fair access to new fibre networks. As such, much attention has been focussed on issues relating to access (for FttX as well as VDSL networks), RoI and maintaining competition,
An additional pressure on telecoms infrastructure during the next decade will emerge from national requirements to reduce carbon emissions, requiring more intelligent electricity grids managed through upgraded telecom networks: governments are committed to generating at least 20% of electricity from renewable energy sources by 2020. In conjunction with the energy sector, the concept of trans-sector synergies have also come into play, with governments being among the principal beneficiaries by utilising telecoms infrastructure to deliver services. Principally, these include various health, education and transport services, as well as a wide range of socially-inclusive enterprises.
NGNs are also addressing the continuing decline in revenue from traditional fixed telephony and mobile voice services. This decline will continue inexorable as a greater proportion of calls are made through VoIP and mobile VoIP. In addition, revenue basic from SMS services are being affected by online and alternative messaging services fostered by community portals and emerging platforms. Given these pressures, future revenue growth will come from high-end data services which require more capable networks offering higher bandwidth. Most mobile data is sent through fixed-line IP backhaul from the work or home environments, further enforcing the need for network upgrades as operators concentrate on their mobile divisions.
Investments in fibre networks are migrating from FttC to FttH in most markets, though a number of operators, particularly Belgacom and Telekom Deutschland, are exploiting the potential of copper technologies such as VDSL vectoring to deliver sufficient services to meet their governments’ broadband targets. However, these are short-term solutions which are not a substitute FttH, which will require subsequent investment: the timeline among different operators is largely determined by the capex potential based on declining revenue and by concerns for shareholder compliance. These considerations partly explain a slow initial take-up in some markets, though more rapid take-up is expected during the next few years, with the result that the DSL sector, which has already begun to decline in some of the more fibred countries, will wither further as customers are migrated to new FttH networks.
The cable sector, which is expected to be consolidated further in 2013, is likely to hold its own during the next few years as customers begin to be provided with services of up to 200Mb/s or higher. However, some small players are beginning to build FttH networks directly rather than investing in further DOCSIS3.0 upgrades or in the potential of DOCSIS3.1
Data in this report is the latest available at the time of preparation and may not be for the current year.
This report covers developments in Europe’s mobile data market, providing key analyses on emerging technologies and the growing consumer use of services.
The countries covered in this report include:
Albania, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kosovo, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine , United Kingdom.
Researcher:
- Henry Lancaster
Current publication date:
- April 2013 (8th Edition)
Landline Industry in Europe
Table of Contents
1. National Comparisons
1.1 Overview
1.2 Fixed line operations
2. Albania
2.1 National telecom network
2.2 International infrastructure
3. Austria
3.1 National telecom network
3.2 Next Generation Network (NGN)
3.3 Structural separation
3.4 Wholesaling
3.5 International infrastructure
3.5.1 Submarine cable networks
3.5.2 Satellite networks
4. Belarus
4.1 National telecom network
4.2 International infrastructure
5. Belgium
5.1 National telecom network
5.2 Next Generation Network (NGN)
5.3 International infrastructure
6. Bosnia-Herzegovina
6.1 National telecom network
7. Bulgaria
7.1 Telecommunications infrastructure
8. Croatia
8.1 Overview
8.2 Telecoms and IT
8.3 Wholesaling
8.3.1 Overview
9. Cyprus
9.1 National telecom network
9.2 International infrastructure
9.2.1 Submarine cable networks
9.2.2 Satellite networks
10. Czech Republic
10.1 Telefónica O2 CR
10.2 Alternative operators
10.3 Telecoms & IT
10.4 Wholesaling
10.4.1 Overview
11. Denmark
11.1 National telecom network
11.2 Alternative networks
11.3 International
11.3.1 Submarine cable networks
11.3.2 Satellite networks
12. Estonia
12.1 National telecom network
12.1.1 Elion
12.1.2 Alternative operators
12.2 Telecoms and IT
12.3 Wholesaling
13. Finland
13.1 National telecom network
13.2 Next Generation Network
13.3 International infrastructure
14. France
14.1 National telecom network
14.2 Next Generation Networks (NGNs)
14.3 International infrastructure
14.3.1 Submarine cable networks
14.3.2 Satellite networks
14.3.3 Wholesaling
15. Germany
15.1 National telecom network
15.2 Next Generation Networks (NGNs)
15.3 International infrastructure
15.3.1 Submarine cable networks
15.3.2 Satellite networks
15.4 Regulatory issues
15.4.1 Wholesaling
16. Greece
16.1 National telecom network
16.1.1 OTE
16.1.2 NGN
16.1.3 Alternative operators
16.1.4 Satellite networks
16.1.5 Submarine cables
17. Hungary
17.1 National telecom network
17.1.1 Magyar Telekom
17.1.2 Alternative operators
17.2 International infrastructure
17.3 Wholesaling
17.3.1 Overview
18. Iceland
18.1 National telecom network
18.2 International infrastructure
19. Ireland
19.1 National telecom network
19.2 Structural separation issues
19.3 Next Generation Networks (NGNs)
19.4 International
19.4.1 Submarine cable networks
19.4.2 Satellite networks
20. Italy
20.1 National telecom network
20.2 International
20.2.1 Submarine cable networks
20.2.2 Satellite networks
20.3 Infrastructure developments
20.3.1 Next Generation Network (NGN)
21. Kosovo
21.1 Telecommunications infrastructure
22. Latvia
22.1 National telecom network
22.2 Telecoms and IT
23. Lithuania
23.1 National telecom network
23.1.1 TEO
23.1.2 Alternative operators
23.2 International infrastructure
23.3 Wholesaling
23.3.1 Overview
24. Luxembourg
24.1 National telecom network
24.2 International network
25. Macedonia
25.1 Telecommunications infrastructure
26. Malta
26.1 National telecom network
26.2 International infrastructure
27. Moldova
27.1 National telecom network
27.2 International infrastructure
28. Montenegro
28.1 National telecom network
29. Netherlands
29.1 National telecom network
29.2 International infrastructure
29.3 Regulatory issues
29.4 Wholesaling
29.4.1 Wholesale Line Rental (WLR)
30. Norway
30.1 National telecom network
30.2 IP migration
30.3 International infrastructure
30.3.1 Submarine cable networks
30.3.2 Satellite networks
30.4 Smart grids
30.5 Wholesaling
31. Poland
31.1 Fixed-line statistics
31.2 Orange Poland
31.3 Alternative operators
31.4 Wholesaling
31.4.1 Overview
32. Portugal
32.1 National telecom network
32.1.1 Next Generation Networks (NGNs)
32.2 International infrastructure
33. Romania
33.1 National telecom network
33.1.1 RomTelecom
33.1.2 Alternative operators
33.2 International infrastructure
34. Russia
34.1 Introduction
34.2 Local
34.2.1 Central Telegraph
34.2.2 MTS
34.2.3 Golden Telecom
34.2.4 PeterStar
34.3 National
34.3.1 Golden Telecom
34.3.2 Rostelecom
34.3.3 TransTeleCom
34.3.4 ER Telecom
34.4 Satellite networks
34.5 Telecoms and IT
35. Serbia
35.1 National telecom network
35.1.1 Electric Energy Transmission and Transmission System Control (EMS)
35.1.2 EPS network
35.2 International infrastructure
35.3 Telecoms and IT
36. Slovakia
36.1 National telecom network
36.1.1 Alternative operators
36.2 Wholesaling
36.2.1 Overview
37. Slovenia
37.1 Telekom Slovenije
37.2 Alternative operators
37.3 Wholesaling
38. Spain
38.1 National telecom network
38.2 International infrastructure
38.2.1 Satellite networks
38.2.2 Submarine cable
38.3 Next Generation Networks (NGN)
39. Sweden
39.1 National telecom network
39.2 International infrastructure
39.2.1 Submarine cable networks
39.2.2 Satellite networks
40. Switzerland
40.1 National telecom network
41. Ukraine
41.1 National telecom network
41.1.1 Ukrtelecom
41.1.2 Datagroup
41.1.3 Eurotranstelecom
41.1.4 Beeline Ukraine
41.1.5 Vega
41.2 International infrastructure
41.3 Telecoms and IT
42. United Kingdom
42.1 National telecom network
42.2 Next Generation Networks
42.2.1 BT’s 21CN
42.3 International
42.3.1 Submarine cable networks
42.3.2 Satellite networks
List of Tables
Table 1 – Fixed lines in service in selected European countries – 2008 - 2012
Table 2 – Fixed line teledensity in selected European countries – 2008 - 2012
Table 3 – Albania - Fixed-line and mobile traffic – 2002 - 2012
Table 4 – Albania - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 1999 - 2013
Table 5 – Austria - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 1999 - 2013
Table 6 – Belarus - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 1999 - 2013
Table 7 – Belarus - Total international internet bandwidth – 2000 - 2012
Table 8 – Belgium - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 1995; 1997; 1999 - 2012
Table 9 – Belgium - Fixed lines by type – 2006 - 2012
Table 10 – Belgium - Altnet fixed lines – 2000 - 2012
Table 11 – Bosnia-Herzegovina - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 1999 - 2012
Table 12 – Bosnia-Herzegovina - Fixed lines in service per incumbent operator – 2001 - 2010
Table 13 – Bulgaria - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2000 - 2012
Table 14 – Croatia - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2000 - 2013
Table 15 – Croatia - T-HT unbundled lines – 2006 - 2012
Table 16 – Cyprus - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2000 - 2011
Table 17 – Czech Republic - Workplace network usage by network type – 2006 - 2011
Table 18 – Czech Republic - Telefónica naked DSL lines – 2009 - 2012
Table 19 – Czech Republic - Wholesale lines by type – 2008 - 2009
Table 20 – Czech Republic - Cost of local loop unbundling and share access – 2006 - 2009
Table 21 – Denmark - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 1999 - 2013
Table 22 – Estonia - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 1995 - 2012
Table 23 – Estonia - Elion PSTN/ISDN outgoing call minutes – 2006 - 2010
Table 24 – Estonia - Elion PSTN/ISDN subscribers – 2002 - 2010
Table 25 – Estonia - Workplace network usage by network type – 2006 - 2011
Table 26 – Estonia - Elion wholesale broadband subscribers – 2004 - 2011
Table 27 – Finland - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2000 - 2012
Table 28 – France Telecom wholesale broadband lines – 2005 - 2011
Table 29 – Germany - Fixed lines in service by type – 2005 - 2012
Table 30 – Germany - Market share of fixed lines by type – 2006 - 2012
Table 31 – Greece - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2000 - 2013
Table 32 – Greece - OTE PSTN lines in service – 2005 - 2012
Table 33 – Hungary - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2000 - 2013
Table 34 – Hungary - Total international internet bandwidth – 2000 - 2012
Table 35 – Iceland - Fixed-line access channels: PSTN and ISDN – 1995; 1997; 1999 - 2013
Table 36 – Ireland - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 1995; 1997; 1999; 2000 - 2012
Table 37 – Italy - Fixed-line accesses (Telecom Italia and altnets) – 2008 - 2012
Table 38 – Italy - Fixed-line access market share by operator – 2010 - 2012
Table 39 – Italy - Altnet fixed-line accesses by type – 2010 - 2012
Table 40 – Kosovo - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2004 - 2012
Table 41 – Latvia - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 1999 - 2013
Table 42 – Lithuania - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 1995 - 2013
Table 43 –Lithuania - VoIP subscribers – 2010 - 2011
Table 44 – Lithuania - TEO – fixed-line subscribers – 2005 - 2012
Table 45 – Lithuania - Total international internet bandwidth – 2000 - 2012
Table 46 – Lithuania - Dark fibre lines – 2008 - 2010
Table 47 – Luxembourg - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 1995; 1997; 1999 - 2012
Table 48 – Macedonia - Telephony-lines by type –2009 - 2012
Table 49 – Macedonia - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 1995 - 2013
Table 50 – Macedonia - Wholesale leased lines in service, by type – 2010 - 2012
Table 51 – Malta - Fixed lines in service and penetration rate – 2001 - 2012
Table 52 – Moldova - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2000 - 2013
Table 53 – Moldova - Total international internet bandwidth – 2000 - 2012
Table 54 – Montenegro - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2004 - 2013
Table 55 – Netherlands - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 1999 - 2013
Table 56 – Norway - Fixed lines in service and penetration – 1995; 1997; 1999 - 2013
Table 57 – Norway - Fixed subscriptions – VoIP, cable – 2001 - 2012
Table 58 – Norway - Fixed lines – PSTN/ISDN – 2000 - 2011
Table 59 – Norway - Telenor wholesale lines – PSTN, DSL, LLU – 2004 - 2012
Table 60 – Poland - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2000 - 2013
Table 61 – Poland - Cost of local loop unbundling and shared access – 2006 - 2009
Table 62 – Poland - Wholesale lines by type – 2009 - 2010
Table 63 – Portugal - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 1999 - 2013
Table 64 – Portugal - Fibre infrastructure – 2007 - 2011
Table 65 – Romania - Fixed lines in service and teledensity (by population) – 2000 - 2012
Table 66 – Romania - Fixed-line teledensity (by household) – 2006 - 2012
Table 67 – Romania - Total international Internet bandwidth – 2000 - 2011
Table 68 – Russia - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 1998 - 2012
Table 69 – Russian IT market revenue – 2005 - 2012
Table 70 – Serbia - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2004 - 2013
Table 71 – Serbia - Annual requests for new fixed lines – 2004 - 2012
Table 72 – Serbia - VoIP users and traffic – 2010 - 2012
Table 73 – Serbia - Fixed line traffic – 2004 - 2012
Table 74 – Serbia - Total international internet bandwidth – 2004 - 2010
Table 75 – Serbia - Workplace network usage by network type – 2006 - 2011
Table 76 – Slovakia - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2000 - 2013
Table 77 – Slovakia - VoIP lines – 2000 - 2013
Table 78 – Slovakia - Total international internet bandwidth – 2000 - 2011
Table 79 – Slovakia - Cost of local loop unbundling and share access – 2006 - 2009
Table 80 – Slovenia - Wholesale access lines by type – 2009 – 2011
Table 81 – Spain - Fixed lines in service and penetration – 2003 - 2012
Table 82 – Sweden - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 1995 - 2013
Table 83 – Switzerland - Fixed lines in service, teledensity and traffic in minutes – 1997; 1999 - 2012
Table 84 – Switzerland - ISDN subscribers – 1999 - 2010
Table 85 – Ukraine - Fixed lines in service - 1995 - 2013
Table 86 – United Kingdom - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 1999 - 2012
Table 87 – United Kingdom - Forecast NGA coverage – 2009 - 2012
List of Charts
Chart 1 – Albania - Fixed-line and mobile traffic – 2002 – 2012
Chart 2 – Albania - Fixed lines in service by operator – 2002 – 2013
Chart 3 – Belarus - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2003 – 2013
Chart 4 – Belgium - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2002 - 2012
Chart 5 – Belgium - Fixed lines by type – 2006 – 2012
Chart 6 – Denmark - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2002 – 2013
Chart 7 – Estonia - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2002 - 2012
Chart 8 – France Telecom wholesale broadband lines – 2005 – 2011
Chart 9 – Hungary - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2000 – 2013
Chart 10 – Ireland - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2002 - 2012
Chart 11 – Kosovo - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2004 – 2012
Chart 12 – Latvia - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2003 - 2013
Chart 13 – Macedonia - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2003 – 2013
Chart 14 – Malta - Fixed lines in service and penetration rate – 2001 – 2012
Chart 15 – Montenegro - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2004 – 2013
Chart 16 – Norway - Telenor wholesale lines – PSTN, DSL, LLU – 2004 – 2012
Chart 17 – Portugal - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2003 – 2013
Chart 18 – Romania - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2000 – 2012
Chart 19 – Russia - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2002 - 2012
Chart 20 – Serbia - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2004 – 2013
Chart 21 – Slovakia - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2000 – 2013
Chart 22 – Sweden - Fixed lines in service and teledensity – 2003 - 2013
List of Exhibits
Exhibit 1 - Italy - Principal backbone providers – 2012
