Table of Contents
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1
STUDY BACKGROUND 1
STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 1
INTENDED AUDIENCE 1
SCOPE AND FORMAT 2
INFORMATION SOURCES AND METHODOLOGY 3
ANALYST CREDENTIALS 3
RELATED BCC RESEARCH REPORTS 4
BCC ON-LINE SERVICES 4
DISCLAIMER 5
DISCLAIMER (CONTINUED) 5
CHAPTER TWO: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6
SUMMARY TABLE GLOBAL MARKET FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS
AND DEVICES FOR RENEWABLE-ENERGY SYSTEMS, THROUGH
2016 ($ MILLIONS) 6
SUMMARY FIGURE RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF
ADVANCED MATERIALS AND DEVICES BY TYPE, 2010–2016 (%) 7
CHAPTER THREE: OVERVIEW 8
GENERAL DESCRIPTION 8
DEFINITIONS 8
Renewable Energy 8
Renewable-energy Systems 8
Advanced Materials and Devices 8
INDUSTRY STRUCTURE 9
PRINCIPAL PRODUCTS 9
FIGURE 1 RENEWABLE-ENERGY EQUIPMENT
MANUFACTURERS/SYSTEM PROVIDERS, BY TYPE OF
RENEWABLE ENERGY (% OF TOTAL COMPANIES) 10
GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION 10
FIGURE 2 RENEWABLE-ENERGY EQUIPMENT
MANUFACTURERS/SYSTEM PROVIDERS, BY HEADQUARTERS
COUNTRY (% OF TOTAL COMPANIES) 11
FIGURE 3 LEADING RENEWABLE-ENERGY EQUIPMENT
MANUFACTURERS/SYSTEM PROVIDERS, BY TYPE OF
TECHNOLOGY AND HEADQUARTERS’ COUNTRY (% OF TOTAL
COMPANIES) 12
FIGURE 3 (CONTINUED) 13
PATENT ANALYSIS 13
FIGURE 4 US PATENTS RELATING TO ADVANCED MATERIALS
AND DEVICES BY TYPE OF RENEWABLE TECHNOLOGY (% OF
PATENTS ISSUED THROUGH SEPTEMBER 1, 2011) 14
CHAPTER FOUR: SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAICS 15
TYPES OF PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES 15
SILICON WAFER-BASED PV CELLS 15
Single-Crystal Silicon PVs 16
TABLE 1 MANUFACTURERS OF C-SI PVS 16
Polycrystalline Silicon PVs 17
TABLE 2 MANUFACTURERS OF MC-SI PVS 18
Thin-Film PV Cells 19
Amorphous Silicon 20
TABLE 3 MANUFACTURERS OF AMORPHOUS SILICON PV
DEVICES 20
Cadmium Telluride 21
TABLE 4 SUPPLIERS OF CADMIUM TELLURIDE THIN-FILM PVS 21
Abound 21
Antec Solar Energy AG 21
Copper Indium Gallium Selenide 22
TABLE 5 MANUFACTURERS OF CIGS THIN-FILM PVS 22
THIRD-GENERATION PV TECHNOLOGIES 23
Multi-Junction Cells 23
Multi-Junction Cells (Continued) 24
TABLE 6 MANUFACTURERS OF MULTI-JUNCTION AND/OR
CONCENTRATOR PVS 25
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells 25
TABLE 7 COMPANIES MANUFACTURING OR DEVELOPING DSSC
PVS 26
Quantum Dot PVs 26
Intermediate-Bandgap Solar cells 27
Infrared Solar Cells 28
Multilayered Silicon Quantum Dot Solar Cell 28
TABLE 8 COMPANIES DEVELOPING QUANTUM DOT PVS 28
Organic Solar Cells 29
Hybrid Organic-Metal PVs 29
Hybrid Organic-Organic PVs 30
TABLE 9 COMPANIES MANUFACTURING OR DEVELOPING
POLYMER PVS 31
PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS AND MARKETS 31
FIGURE 5 GRID-TIED VS OFF-GRID PV APPLICATIONS, 2010
(PERCENT OF TOTAL INSTALLED CAPACITY) 32
ADVANCED MATERIALS AND DEVICES FOR PHOTOVOLTAICS 33
PHOTOVOLTAIC MATERIALS 33
Crystalline Silicon 33
Production Processes 33
Polycrystalline Silicon 34
Monocrystalline Silicon 35
Producers 35
TABLE 10 PRODUCERS OF SILICON FOR RENEWABLE-ENERGY
APPLICATIONS 35
FIGURE 6 PHOTOVOLTAIC POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON MARKET
SHARES, 2010 (% OF TOTAL POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON
PRODUCED FOR SOLAR PV APPLICATIONS) 36
Thin-film Materials 37
Silane 37
TABLE 11 MAJOR SILANE SUPPLIERS FOR PV MANUFACTURING 37
Cadmium Telluride 37
TABLE 12 MAJOR CADMIUM TELLURIDE SUPPLIERS FOR PV
MANUFACTURING 38
CIGS 38
Nanomaterials 39
TiO2 Nanoparticles 39
P3HT/Cadmium Selenide 39
MEH-PPV/PbS Nanocomposite 40
Other Third-Generation PV Materials 40
PHOTOVOLTAIC INVERTERS 40
Types of PV Inverter 41
Technology Trends 41
Producers 41
TABLE 13 PRODUCERS OF PV INVERTERS 42
Fronius 42
PATENT ANALYSIS 42
MATERIALS VS DEVICES 42
FIGURE 7 US PATENTS AND PATENT APPLICATIONS RELATING
TO ADVANCED PV MATERIALS VS DEVICES (NUMBER AND
PERCENTGE OF PATENTS ISSUED THROUGH SEPTEMBER 1,
2011) 43
PV GENERATIONS 43
FIGURE 8 US PATENTS AND PATENT APPLICATIONS RELATING
TO PV ADVANCED MATERIALS BY TECHNOLOGY GENERATION
(NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE OF PATENTS ISSUED THROUGH
SEPTEMBER 1, 2011) 44
PV MATERIALS 44
FIGURE 9 US PATENTS RELATING TO PV ADVANCED MATERIALS
BY TYPE OF MATERIAL (NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE OF
PATENTS ISSUED THROUGH SEPTEMBER 1, 2011) 45
PATENT HOLDERS 45
FIGURE 10 MAJOR IP PORTFOLIOS FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC
MATERIALS AND DEVICES (NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE OF
PATENTS ISSUED THROUGH SEPTEMBER 1, 2011) 46
CHAPTER FIVE: SOLAR THERMAL COLLECTORS 47
TYPES OF SOLAR THERMAL POWER PLANT 47
PARABOLIC TROUGH COLLECTORS 47
TABLE 14 PTC SOLAR SYSTEM PROVIDERS 48
CONCENTRATING SOLAR TOWERS 48
PARABOLIC DISH COLLECTOR 49
SOLAR THERMAL APPLICATIONS AND MARKETS 50
ADVANCED MATERIALS AND DEVICES FOR SOLAR THERMAL
INSTALLATIONS 51
REFLECTOR MATERIALS 51
Technology 51
Manufacturers 52
TABLE 15 COMPANIES MANUFACTURING SOLAR
CONCENTRATING MIRRORS 52
SOLAR SELECTIVE COATINGS 52
Technology 52
Manufacturers 53
TABLE 16 COMPANIES MANUFACTURING OR DEVELOPING
SOLAR SELECTIVE COATINGS 53
SOLAR TRACKERS 53
Technology 53
Single vs Dual Axis Trackers 54
Active vs Passive Trackers 54
Manufacturers 54
TABLE 17 MANUFACTURERS OF SOLAR TRACKERS 55
STIRLING ENGINES 55
Technology 55
TABLE 18 COMPANIES MANUFACTURING SOLAR STIRLING
ENGINES 55
HIGH-TEMPERATURE PUMPS 56
Technology 56
Manufacturers 56
PATENT ANALYSIS 56
TABLE 19 US PATENTS RELATING TO ADVANCED MATERIALS
AND DEVICES FOR SOLAR THERMAL POWER 57
FIGURE 11 US PATENTS RELATING TO ADVANCED SOLAR
THERMAL MATERIALS VS DEVICES (NUMBER AND
PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL PATENTS ISSUED THROUGH
SEPTEMBER 1, 2011) 57
FIGURE 11 (CONTINUED) 58
TYPE OF TECHNOLOGY 58
FIGURE 12 US PATENTS RELATING TO ADVANCED PV
MATERIALS AND DEVICES, BY TYPE OF SOLAR THERMAL
TECHNOLOGY (NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL
PATENTS ISSUED THROUGH SEPTEMBER 1, 2011) 58
FIGURE 12 (CONTINUED) 59
PATENT HOLDERS 59
FIGURE 13 MAJOR IP PORTFOLIOS FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC
MATERIALS AND DEVICES (NUMBER AND PERCENTAGES OF
PATENTS ISSUED THROUGH SEPTEMBER 1, 2011) 59
FIGURE 13 (CONTINUED) 60
CHAPTER SIX: SMALL HYDROPOWER 61
TYPES OF SMALL HYDROPOWER INSTALLATIONS 61
SMALL HYDRO APPLICATIONS AND MARKETS 61
ADVANCED MATERIALS AND DEVICES FOR MINI- AND MICROHYDRO
INSTALLATIONS 61
COMPOSITE MATERIALS 62
Technology 62
IMPROVED PICO TURBINES 62
Technology 62
Manufacturers 63
TABLE 20 COMPANIES MANUFACTURING IMPROVED PICOHYDRO
GENERATORS 63
COANDA SCREENS 64
Technology 64
Manufacturers 64
TABLE 21 SUPPLIERS OF COANDA EFFECT SCREENS 64
PATENT ANALYSIS 65
TABLE 22 US PATENTS AND PATENT APPLICATIONS RELATING
TO ADVANCED MATERIALS AND DEVICES FOR SMALL
HYDROPOWER 65
CHAPTER SEVEN: WIND ENERGY 66
WIND TURBINES 66
TYPES OF WIND TURBINE 66
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines 66
Upwind Wind Turbines 67
Downwind Wind Turbine 67
Vertical Axis Wind Turbines 67
Darrieus Turbines 68
Savonius Turbines 68
WIND TURBINE SIZES 68
WIND POWER APPLICATIONS AND MARKETS 68
ADVANCED MATERIALS AND DEVICES FOR WIND POWER 69
LIGHTWEIGHT MATERIALS 69
Technology 69
Manufacturers 70
TABLE 23 MANUFACTURERS OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS FOR
WIND TURBINE APPLICATIONS 71
POWER ELECTRONICS 71
Technologies 71
Manufacturers 72
TABLE 24 MANUFACTURERS OF VARIABLE-SPEED GENERATORS
AND POWER ELECTRONICS FOR WIND TURBINE
APPLICATIONS 72
PERMANENT MAGNET GENERATORS 73
Technology 73
Manufacturers 73
TABLE 25 SUPPLIERS OF PERMANENT MAGNET GENERATORS
FOR WIND TURBINE APPLICATIONS 74
PATENT ANALYSIS 74
TABLE 26 US PATENTS RELATING TO ADVANCED MATERIALS
AND DEVICES FOR WIND POWER APPLICATIONS 74
FIGURE 14 US PATENTS AND PATENT APPLICATIONS RELATING
TO ADVANCED WIND POWER MATERIALS VS DEVICES
(NUMBER AND PERCENTGE OF PATENTS ISSUED THROUGH
SEPTEMBER 1, 2011) 75
PATENT HOLDERS 75
CHAPTER EIGHT: GEOTHERMAL ENERGY 76
TECHNOLOGIES 76
GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANTS 76
Dry Steam 76
Flash Steam 76
Binary Cycle 77
Flash/Binary Combined Cycle 77
DIRECT USE OF GEOTHERMAL ENERGY 77
GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMPS 77
APPLICATIONS AND MARKETS 78
ADVANCED MATERIALS AND DEVICES 78
ADVANCED MATERIALS 78
Technologies 78
Heat Exchanger Tube Coatings 79
Calcium Phosphate Well Cements 79
High-Temperature Polymeric Elastomers 79
Thermal Spray Pipe Coatings 80
PATENT ANALYSIS 80
CHAPTER NINE: OCEAN ENERGY 81
OCEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES 81
TIDAL POWER 81
WAVE ENERGY 82
OCEAN THERMAL ENERGY 83
Ocean Thermal Energy (Continued) 84
Ocean Thermal Energy (Continued) 85
OCEAN ENERGY APPLICATION AND MARKETS 86
ADVANCED MATERIALS AND DEVICES FOR OCEAN ENERGY
SYSTEMS 86
COLD WATER PIPE 86
Technology 86
TIDAL STREAM TURBINES 87
Technology 87
SeaGen (Marine Current Turbines) 87
Seasnail (Robert Gordon University and Aberdeen
Renewable Energy Group) 87
Ocean Turbine (Blue Energy) 88
Underwater Electric Kite (UEK Corporation) 88
EXIM (Seapower) 88
Gorlov Helical Turbine (GCK Technology) 89
Lunar System (Lunar Energy) 89
TidEl (SMD Hydrovision) 89
Manufacturers 90
TABLE 27 TIDAL STREAM TURBINE MANUFACTURERS 90
WAVE POWER DEVICES 91
Technology 91
Pelamis (Ocean Power Delivery) 91
PowerBuoy (Ocean Power Technologies) 92
Wave Dragon (Wave Dragon A/S) 92
Limpet (Wavegen) 93
Manufacturers 93
TABLE 28 WAVE ENERGY CONVERTER MANUFACTURERS 93
TABLE 28 (CONTINUED) 94
PATENT ANALYSIS 94
TABLE 29 US PATENTS AND PATENT APPLICATIONS RELATING
TO ADVANCED MATERIALS AND DEVICES IN OCEAN ENERGY 94
CHAPTER TEN: GLOBAL MARKETS FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES USED IN RENEWABLE ENERGY PRODUCTION 95
GLOBAL MARKET 95
FIGURE 15 TRENDS IN THE GLOBAL MARKET FOR ADVANCED
MATERIALS AND DEVICES USED IN RENEWABLE ENERGY
PRODUCTION, 2010-2016 ($ MILLIONS) 95
MARKET BY COUNTRY/REGION 95
TABLE 30 MAJOR INTERNATIONAL MARKETS FOR ADVANCED
MATERIALS AND DEVICES USED IN RENEWABLE ENERGY
PRODUCTION, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 96
FIGURE 16 GLOBAL MARKET SHARES BY COUNTRY/REGION,
2010 VS 2016 (PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL SALES) 97
FIGURE 16 (CONTINUED) 98
MARKET BY TYPE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGY 98
TABLE 31 GLOBAL MARKET FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES USED IN RENEWABLE ENERGY PRODUCTION, BY
TYPE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016
($ MILLIONS) 98
FIGURE 17 GLOBAL MARKET SHARES BY TYPE OF RENEWABLE
ENERGY TECHNOLOGY, 2010 VS 2016 (PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL
SALES) 99
FIGURE 17 (CONTINUED) 100
MARKET BY TYPE OF MATERIAL/DEVICE 100
TABLE 32 GLOBAL MARKET FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES USED IN RENEWABLE ENERGY PRODUCTION, BY
TYPE OF MATERIAL AND DEVICE, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 100
CHAPTER ELEVEN: UNITED STATES MARKET FOR ADVANCED
MATERIALS AND DEVICES USED IN RENEWABLE ENERGY
PRODUCTION 101
SUMMARY 101
TABLE 33 US CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES USED IN RENEWABLE ENERGY PRODUCTION,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 101
FIGURE 18 US CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES USED IN RENEWABLE ENERGY PRODUCTION, BY
TYPE OF ENERGY, 2010-2016 (%) 102
PHOTOVOLTAICS 102
PRODUCTION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS 102
FIGURE 19 US PV CELL PRODUCTION BY TYPE OF TECHNOLOGY,
2010 (%/MW) 103
TABLE 34 PROJECTED US PV CELL PRODUCTION, THROUGH
2016 (MW) 104
FIGURE 20 TRENDS IN US PV CELL PRODUCTION, 2010-2016 (MW) 105
CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES 105
TABLE 35 US MARKET FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES USED IN PV SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 105
Photovoltaic Materials and Precursors 106
TABLE 36 US PV-RELATED CONSUMPTION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC
MATERIALS, THROUGH 2016 (METRIC TONS/$ MILLIONS) 106
Crystalline Silicon 106
TABLE 37 US CONSUMPTION OF PV SILICON, THROUGH 2016
(METRIC TONS/$ MILLIONS) 107
Thin Film Materials 107
TABLE 38 US CONSUMPTION OF THIN-FILM PV MATERIALS,
THROUGH 2016 (METRIC TONS/$ MILLIONS) 107
Silane 108
TABLE 39 US SILANE CONSUMPTION FOR THE PRODUCTION OF
A-SI THIN-FILM PVS, THROUGH 2016 (METRIC TONS/$
MILLIONS) 108
Cadmium Telluride 108
TABLE 40 US CONSUMPTION OF CDTE USED IN THE
PRODUCTION OF CDTE THIN-FILM PVS, THROUGH 2016 109
CIGS 109
TABLE 41 US CONSUMPTION OF CIGS USED IN THE
PRODUCTION OF CIGS THIN-FILM PVS, THROUGH 2016
(METRIC TONS/$ MILLIONS) 109
Third-Generation Materials 110
TABLE 42 US CONSUMPTION OF THIRD GENERATION PV
PRECURSOR MATERIALS, THROUGH 2016 (METRIC TONS/$
MILLIONS) 110
Multi-Junction Materials 110
TABLE 43 US CONSUMPTION OF MULTI-JUNCTION PV
MATERIALS, THROUGH 2016 (METRIC TONS/$ MILLIONS) 111
Organic Materials 111
TABLE 44 US CONSUMPTION OF HYBRID ORGANIC PV
MATERIALS, THROUGH 2016 (METRIC TONS/$ MILLIONS) 112
Photovoltaic Inverters 112
TABLE 45 US MARKET FOR PV INVERTERS, THROUGH 2016 ($
MILLIONS) 112
SOLAR THERMAL 113
TOTAL PROJECT EXPENDITURES 113
FIGURE 21 EUROPEAN CAPITAL EXPENDITURES ON SOLAR
THERMAL POWER PLANTS, 2010–2016 ($ MILLIONS) 113
CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES 114
TABLE 46 US DEMAND FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES USED IN SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016
($ MILLIONS) 115
Reflector Materials 115
TABLE 47 US DEMAND FOR SOLAR CONCENTRATING MIRRORS,
THROUGH 2016 (SQUARE METERS/$ MILLIONS) 115
Solar Selective Coatings 116
TABLE 48 US DEMAND FOR SOLAR SELECTIVE COATINGS,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 116
Solar Trackers 116
TABLE 49 US DEMAND FOR SOLAR TRACKERS, THROUGH 2016 ($
MILLIONS) 117
Stirling Engines 117
TABLE 50 US DEMAND FOR SOLAR STIRLING ENGINES,
THROUGH 2016 (UNITS/$ MILLIONS) 118
High Temperature Pumps 118
TABLE 51 US DEMAND FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE PUMPS,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 118
WIND ENERGY 118
PRODUCTION OF WIND TURBINES 118
TABLE 52 US WIND TURBINE PRODUCTION, THROUGH 2016
(NUMBER OF UNITS) 119
FIGURE 22 TRENDS IN US WIND TURBINE PRODUCTION, 2010–
2016 (NUMBER OF UNITS) 119
CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES 119
TABLE 53 US MARKET FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES USED IN WIND ENERGY SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016 ($
MILLIONS) 120
Composites 120
TABLE 54 US MARKET FOR COMPOSITES USED IN WIND
TURBINE ROTOR BLADES, THROUGH 2016 (MILLION METRIC
TONS/$ MILLIONS) 120
Power Electronics 121
TABLE 55 US MARKET FOR POWER ELECTRONICS USED IN WIND
TURBINES,THROUGH 2016 (UNITS/$ MILLIONS) 121
Permanent Magnet Generators 122
TABLE 56 US MARKET FOR PERMANENT-MAGNET GENERATORS
USED IN WIND TURBINES, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 122
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY 122
TABLE 57 ADDITIONS TO US GEOTHERMAL ENERGY CAPACITY,
THROUGH 2016 (MW) 123
FIGURE 23 PROJECTED GROWTH OF US GEOTHERMAL
CAPACITY, 2010-2016 (MW) 123
TABLE 58 US INVESTMENTS IN NEW GEOTHERMAL CAPACITY,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 124
CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES 124
TABLE 59 US MARKET FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES USED IN GEOTHERMAL ENERGY SYSTEMS,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 124
Calcium Phosphate Well Cement 125
TABLE 60 US MARKET FOR CALCIUM PHOSPHATE WELL
CEMENT USED IN GEOTHERMAL ENERGY SYSTEMS, THROUGH
2016 ($ MILLION) 125
Heat Exchanger Tube Coatings 125
TABLE 61 US MARKET FOR PPS HEAT EXCHANGER COATINGS
USED IN GEOTHERMAL ENERGY SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016 ($
MILLIONS) 126
Other Advanced Materials 126
OCEAN ENERGY 126
CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES 126
TABLE 62 US MARKET FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES USED IN OCEAN ENERGY SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016 ($
MILLIONS) 127
Cold Water Pipe 127
Tidal Stream Turbines 127
TABLE 63 US MARKET FOR TIDAL STREAM TURBINES,
THROUGH 2016 (MW/$ MILLIONS) 128
Wave Power Devices 128
TABLE 64 US MARKET FOR WAVE POWER DEVICES, THROUGH
2016 (MW/$ MILLIONS) 128
CHAPTER TWELVE: EUROPEAN MARKETS FOR ADVANCED
MATERIALS AND DEVICES USED IN RENEWABLE ENERGY
PRODUCTION 129
SUMMARY 129
TABLE 65 EUROPEAN CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED MATERIALS
AND DEVICES USED IN RENEWABLE ENERGY PRODUCTION,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 129
TABLE 65 (CONTINUED) 130
FIGURE 24 EUROPEAN CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED
MATERIALS AND DEVICES USED IN RENEWABLE ENERGY
PRODUCTION, BY COUNTRY, 2010-2016 (%) 131
FIGURE 25 EUROPEAN CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED
MATERIALS AND DEVICES USED IN RENEWABLE ENERGY
PRODUCTION, BY TYPE OF TECHNOLOGY, 2010-2016 (%) 132
PHOTOVOLTAICS 133
PRODUCTION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS 133
TABLE 66 EUROPEAN PV CELL PRODUCTION BY TYPE OF
TECHNOLOGY, 2010 (MW) 133
FIGURE 26 EUROPEAN PV CELL PRODUCTION BY TYPE OF
TECHNOLOGY, 2010 (%/MW) 134
TABLE 67 PROJECTED EUROPEAN PV CELL PRODUCTION,
THROUGH 2016 (MW) 135
FIGURE 27 TRENDS IN EUROPEAN PV CELL PRODUCTION, 2010-
2016 (MW) 136
CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES 136
TABLE 68 EUROPEAN MARKET FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES USED IN PV SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 137
Photovoltaic Materials 137
TABLE 69 EUROPEAN PV-RELATED CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED
PHOTOVOLTAIC MATERIALS, THROUGH 2016 (METRIC TONS/$
MILLIONS) 138
TABLE 69 (CONTINUED) 139
Crystalline Silicon 139
TABLE 70 EUROPEAN CONSUMPTION OF PV SILICON, THROUGH
2016 (METRIC TONS/$) 140
Thin Film Materials 140
TABLE 71 EUROPEAN CONSUMPTION OF THIN-FILM PV
MATERIALS, THROUGH 2016 (METRIC TONS/$ MILLIONS) 141
TABLE 71 (CONTINUED) 142
Silane 142
TABLE 72 EUROPEAN SILANE CONSUMPTION FOR THE
PRODUCTION OF A-SI THIN-FILM PVS, THROUGH 2016 SILANE
CONSUMPTION (MT)/ $ MILLIONS 143
Cadmium Telluride 143
TABLE 73 EUROPEAN CONSUMPTION OF CDTE USED IN THE
PRODUCTION OF CDTE THIN-FILM PVS CDTE CONSUMPTION
(MT)/ $ MILLIONS) 143
TABLE 73 (CONTINUED) 144
CI(G)S 144
TABLE 74 EUROPEAN CONSUMPTION OF CI(G)S USED IN THE
PRODUCTION OF CI(G)S THIN-FILM PVS, THROUGH 2016 CI(G)S
CONSUMPTION (MT)/ $ MILLIONS 145
Third-Generation Materials 145
TABLE 75 EUROPEAN CONSUMPTION OF THIRD GENERATION PV
PRECURSOR MATERIALS, 2010-2016 (METRIC TONS/$
MILLIONS) 146
Multi-Junction Materials 146
TABLE 76 EUROPEAN CONSUMPTION OF MULTI-JUNCTION PV
MATERIALS, THROUGH 2016 MULTI-JUNCTION
CONSUMPTION (MT)/$ MILLIONS 146
TABLE 76 (CONTINUED) 147
Other Third Generation Materials 147
TABLE 77 EUROPEAN CONSUMPTION OF OTHER THIRD
GENERATION PV MATERIALS, THROUGH 2016 (METRIC TONS/$
MILLIONS) 148
DSSCs 148
TABLE 78 EUROPEAN CONSUMPTION OF TIO2 NANOPARTICLES
FOR DSSC PV, THROUGH 2016 (METRIC TONS/$ MILLIONS) 149
Organic PVs 149
TABLE 79 EUROPEAN CONSUMPTION OF HYBRID ORGANIC PV
MATERIALS, THROUGH 2016 (METRIC TONS/$ MILLIONS) 150
Photovoltaic Inverters 150
TABLE 80 EUROPEAN MARKET FOR PV INVERTERS, THROUGH
2016 ($ MILLIONS) 151
SOLAR THERMAL 151
TOTAL PROJECT EXPENDITURES 151
FIGURE 28 CAPITAL EXPENDITURES ON SOLAR THERMAL POWER
PLANTS IN EUROPE (PRIMARILY SPAIN), 2010–2016 ($
MILLIONS) 152
CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES 153
TABLE 81 EUROPEAN (SPANISH) DEMAND FOR ADVANCED
MATERIALS AND DEVICES USED IN SOLAR THERMAL
SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 153
Reflector Materials 153
TABLE 82 EUROPEAN (SPANISH) DEMAND FOR SOLAR
CONCENTRATING MIRRORS, THROUGH 2016 (SQUARE
METERS/$ MILLIONS) 154
Solar Selective Coatings 154
TABLE 83 EUROPEAN (SPANISH) DEMAND FOR SOLAR SELECTIVE
COATINGS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 154
Solar Trackers 155
TABLE 84 EUROPEAN (SPANISH) DEMAND FOR SOLAR TRACKERS,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 155
Stirling Engines 155
TABLE 85 EUROPEAN (SPANISH) DEMAND FOR SOLAR STIRLING
ENGINES, THROUGH 2016 (UNITS/$ MILLIONS) 155
High Temperature Pumps 156
TABLE 86 EUROPEAN (SPANISH) DEMAND FOR HIGHTEMPERATURE
PUMPS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 156
WIND ENERGY 156
PRODUCTION OF WIND TURBINES 156
TABLE 87 PROJECTED EUROPEAN WIND TURBINE PRODUCTION,
THROUGH 2016 (NUMBER OF UNITS) 157
FIGURE 29 TRENDS IN EUROPEAN WIND TURBINE PRODUCTION,
2010-2016 (NUMBER OF UNITS) 157
CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES 157
TABLE 88 EUROPEAN MARKET FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES USED IN WIND ENERGY SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016 ($
MILLIONS) 158
Composites 158
TABLE 89 EUROPEAN MARKET FOR COMPOSITES USED IN WIND
TURBINE ROTOR BLADES, THROUGH 2016 (MILLION METRIC
TONS/$ MILLIONS) 159
Power Electronics 160
TABLE 90 EUROPEAN MARKET FOR POWER ELECTRONICS USED
IN WIND TURBINES, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLION) 160
Permanent Magnet Generators 160
TABLE 91 EUROPEAN MARKET FOR PERMANENT-MAGNET
GENERATORS USED IN WIND TURBINES, THROUGH 2016 ($
MILLIONS) 161
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY 161
PROJECTED GROWTH 161
TABLE 92 ADDITIONS TO EUROPEAN GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
CAPACITY, THROUGH 2016 (MW) 162
FIGURE 30 PROJECTED GROWTH OF EUROPEAN GEOTHERMAL
CAPACITY, 2010-2016 (MW) 162
TABLE 93 EUROPEAN INVESTMENTS IN NEW GEOTHERMAL
CAPACITY, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 163
CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES 163
TABLE 94 EUROPEAN MARKET FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES USED IN GEOTHERMAL ENERGY SYSTEMS,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 163
Calcium Phosphate Well Cement 164
TABLE 95 EUROPEAN MARKET FOR CALCIUM PHOSPHATE WELL
CEMENT USED IN GEOTHERMAL ENERGY SYSTEMS, THROUGH
2016 ($ MILLIONS) 164
Heat Exchanger Tube Coatings 164
TABLE 96 EUROPEAN MARKET FOR PPS HEAT EXCHANGER
COATINGS USED IN GEOTHERMAL ENERGY SYSTEMS,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 165
Other Advanced Materials 165
OCEAN ENERGY 165
TABLE 97 EUROPEAN MARKET FOR MATERIALS AND DEVICES
USED IN OCEAN ENERGY SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016 ($
MILLIONS) 166
CHAPTER THIRTEEN: ASIA-PACIFIC MARKETS FOR ADVANCED
MATERIALS AND DEVICES USED IN RENEWABLE ENERGY
PRODUCTION 167
SUMMARY 167
TABLE 98 ASIA-PACIFIC CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED
MATERIALS AND DEVICES USED IN RENEWABLE ENERGY
PRODUCTION, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 167
TABLE 98 (CONTINUED) 168
FIGURE 31 ASIA-PACIFIC CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED
MATERIALS AND DEVICES USED IN RENEWABLE ENERGY
PRODUCTION BY COUNTRY, 2010-2016 (%) 169
FIGURE 32 ASIA-PACIFIC CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED
MATERIALS AND DEVICES USED IN RENEWABLE ENERGY
PRODUCTION, BY RENEWABLE TECHNOLOGY, 2010-2016 (%) 170
PHOTOVOLTAICS 170
PRODUCTION OF PV CELLS 170
TABLE 99 ASIA-PACIFIC NATIONS’ PV CELL PRODUCTION BY
TYPE OF TECHNOLOGY, 2010 (MW) 171
FIGURE 33 ASIA-PACIFIC PV CELL PRODUCTION BY
TECHNOLOGY, 2010 (%/MW) 172
TABLE 100 PROJECTED ASIA-PACIFIC PV CELL PRODUCTION,
THROUGH 2016 (MW) 173
TABLE 100 (CONTINUED) 174
FIGURE 34 TRENDS IN ASIA-PACIFIC PV CELL PRODUCTION, 2010-
2016 (MW) 175
CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES 175
TABLE 101 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS
AND DEVICES USED IN PV SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016 ($
MILLIONS) 176
Photovoltaic Materials 176
TABLE 102 ASIA-PACIFIC PV-RELATED CONSUMPTION OF
ADVANCED PHOTOVOLTAIC MATERIALS, THROUGH 2016
(METRIC TONS/$ MILLIONS) 177
TABLE 102 (CONTINUED) 178
Crystalline Silicon 179
TABLE 103 ASIA-PACIFIC CONSUMPTION OF PV SILICON,
THROUGH 2016 (METRIC TONS/$) 179
Thin Film Materials 180
TABLE 104 ASIA-PACIFIC CONSUMPTION OF THIN-FILM PV
MATERIALS, THROUGH 2016 (METRIC TONS/$ MILLIONS) 180
TABLE 104 (CONTINUED) 181
TABLE 104 (CONTINUED) 182
Silane 182
TABLE 105 ASIA-PACIFIC SILANE CONSUMPTION FOR THE
PRODUCTION OF A-SI THIN-FILM PVS, THROUGH 2016 183
Cadmium Telluride 183
TABLE 106 ASIA-PACIFIC CONSUMPTION OF CDTE USED IN THE
PRODUCTION OF CDTE THIN-FILM PVS, THROUGH 2016 184
CI(G)S 184
TABLE 107 ASIA-PACIFIC CONSUMPTION OF CI(G)S USED IN THE
PRODUCTION OF CI(G)S THIN-FILM PVS, THROUGH 2016 185
Third-Generation Materials 185
TABLE 108 ASIA-PACIFIC CONSUMPTION OF THIRD GENERATION
PV PRECURSOR MATERIALS, THROUGH 2016 (METRIC
TONS/MILLION $) 186
Multi-Junction Materials 186
TABLE 109 ASIA-PACIFIC CONSUMPTION OF MULTI-JUNCTION PV
MATERIALS, THROUGH 2016 187
Other Third Generation Materials 187
TABLE 110 ASIA-PACIFIC CONSUMPTION OF OTHER THIRD
GENERATION PV MATERIALS, THROUGH 2016 (METRIC
TONS/MILLION $) 188
Photovoltaic Inverters 188
TABLE 111 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET FOR PV INVERTERS, THROUGH
2016 ($ MILLIONS) 189
SOLAR THERMAL POWER 189
TOTAL PROJECT EXPENDITURES 189
TABLE 112 ASIA-PACIFIC CAPITAL EXPENDITURES ON SOLAR
THERMAL POWER PROJECTS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 190
CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES 190
TABLE 113 ASIA-PACIFIC DEMAND FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS
AND DEVICES USED IN SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEMS, THROUGH
2016 ($ MILLIONS) 191
Reflector Materials 191
TABLE 114 ASIA-PACIFIC DEMAND FOR SOLAR CONCENTRATING
MIRRORS, THROUGH 2016 (SQUARE METERS/$ MILLIONS) 192
Solar Selective Coatings 192
TABLE 115 ASIA-PACIFIC DEMAND FOR SOLAR SELECTIVE
COATINGS, THROUGH 2016 (SQ METERS/$ MILLIONS) 193
Solar Trackers 193
TABLE 116 ASIA-PACIFIC DEMAND FOR SOLAR TRACKERS,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 193
Stirling Engines 194
High Temperature Pumps 194
TABLE 117 ASIA-PACIFIC DEMAND FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE
PUMPS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 194
Other/Miscellaneous Materials 194
TABLE 118 ASIA-PACIFIC DEMAND FOR OTHER/MISCELLANEOUS
ADVANCED MATERIALS AND DEVICES USED IN SOLAR
THERMAL GENERATING PLANTS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 195
WIND ENERGY 195
PRODUCTION OF WIND TURBINES 195
TABLE 119 ASIA-PACIFIC WIND TURBINE PRODUCTION,
THROUGH 2016 (NUMBER OF UNITS) 195
FIGURE 35 TRENDS IN ASIA-PACIFIC WIND TURBINE
PRODUCTION, 2010–2016 (NUMBER OF UNITS) 196
CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES 196
TABLE 120 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS
AND DEVICES USED IN WIND ENERGY SYSTEMS, THROUGH
2016 ($ MILLIONS) 197
Composites 197
TABLE 121 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET FOR COMPOSITES USED IN
WIND TURBINE ROTOR BLADES, THROUGH 2016 (MILLION
METRIC TONS/$ MILLION) 197
Power Electronics 198
TABLE 122 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET FOR POWER ELECTRONICS
USED IN WIND TURBINES, THROUGH 2016 (UNITS/$
MILLIONS) 198
Permanent Magnet Generators 199
TABLE 123 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET FOR PERMANENT-MAGNET
GENERATORS USED IN WIND TURBINES, THROUGH 2016
(UNITS/$ MILLIONS) 199
SMALL HYDROPOWER 199
ADDITIONS TO SMALL HYDROPOWER CAPACITY 199
TABLE 124 ANNUAL ADDITIONS TO ASIA-PACIFIC INSTALLED
SMALL HYDRO CAPACITY, THROUGH 2016 (MW) 200
FIGURE 36 ANNUAL ADDITIONS TO ASIA-PACIFIC INSTALLED
SMALL HYDRO CAPACITY, 2010-2016 (MW) 200
CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES 201
TABLE 125 ASIA-PACIFIC DEMAND FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS
AND DEVICES USED SMALL HYDROPOWER SYSTEMS,
THROUGH 2016 (UNITS/$ MILLIONS) 201
Composites 202
TABLE 126 ANNUAL ADDITIONS TO ASIA-PACIFIC INSTALLED
MICRO-PICO- HYDRO CAPACITY, THROUGH 2016 (MW) 202
TABLE 127 ASIA-PACIFIC CONSUMPTION OF COMPOSITES IN
MICRO- HYDRO EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2016 (TONS/$
MILLIONS) 203
Advanced Pico Turbines 203
TABLE 128 CONSUMPTION OF COMPOSITES IN MICRO- HYDRO
EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2016 (UNITS/$ MILLIONS) 204
Coanda Screens 204
TABLE 129 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET FOR COANDA SCREENS IN
SMALL HYDRO PROJECTS, THROUGH 2016 (UNITS/$ MILLIONS) 205
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY 205
TABLE 130 ADDITIONS TO ASIA-PACIFIC GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
CAPACITY, THROUGH 2016 (MW) 206
FIGURE 37 PROJECTED GROWTH OF ASIA-PACIFIC GEOTHERMAL
CAPACITY, 2010-2016 (MW) 206
TABLE 131 ASIA-PACIFIC INVESTMENTS IN NEW GEOTHERMAL
CAPACITY, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 207
CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES 207
TABLE 132 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS
AND DEVICES USED IN GEOTHERMAL ENERGY SYSTEMS,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 207
Calcium Phosphate Well Cement 208
TABLE 133 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET FOR CALCIUM PHOSPHATE
WELL CEMENT USED IN GEOTHERMAL ENERGY SYSTEMS,
THROUGH 2016 ($MILLIONS) 208
Heat Exchanger Tube Coatings 208
TABLE 134 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET FOR PPS HEAT EXCHANGER
COATINGS USED IN GEOTHERMAL ENERGY SYSTEMS,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 209
Other Advanced Materials 209
Ocean Energy 209
TABLE 135 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET FOR MATERIALS AND DEVICES
USED IN OCEAN ENERGY SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016 ($
MILLIONS) 210
CHAPTER FOURTEEN: EMERGING MARKETS FOR ADVANCED
MATERIALS AND DEVICES USED IN RENEWABLE ENERGY
PRODUCTION 211
SUMMARY 211
TABLE 136 EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES’ CONSUMPTION OF
ADVANCED MATERIALS AND DEVICES USED IN RENEWABLE
ENERGY PRODUCTION ($ MILLIONS) 211
FIGURE 38 EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES’ CONSUMPTION OF
ADVANCED MATERIALS AND DEVICES USED IN RENEWABLE
ENERGY PRODUCTION, BY TYPE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY,
2010-2016 (%) 212
PHOTOVOLTAICS 212
PRODUCTION OF PHOTOVOLTAICS 212
TABLE 137 PV CELL PRODUCTION IN EMERGING MARKET
COUNTRIES, THROUGH 2016 (MW) 213
FIGURE 39 PV CELL PRODUCTION TRENDS IN EMERGING
MARKET COUNTRIES, 2010-2016 (MW) 213
CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES 214
TABLE 138 EMERGING MARKET COUNTRY MARKETS FOR
ADVANCED MATERIALS AND DEVICES USED IN PV SYSTEMS,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 214
Photovoltaic Materials 214
TABLE 139 EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES’ CONSUMPTION OF
PHOTOVOLTAIC MATERIALS, THROUGH 2016 (METRIC TONS/$
MILLIONS) 214
INVERTERS 214
TABLE 140 EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES MARKET FOR PV
INVERTERS, –THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 215
SOLAR THERMAL POWER 215
TOTAL PROJECT EXPENDITURES 215
TABLE 141 EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES’ CAPITAL
EXPENDITURES ON SOLAR THERMAL POWER PROJECTS,
THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 216
CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES 216
TABLE 142 EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES’ DEMAND FOR
ADVANCED MATERIALS AND DEVICES USED IN SOLAR
THERMAL SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 217
Reflector Materials 217
TABLE 143 EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES’ DEMAND FOR
SOLAR CONCENTRATING MIRRORS, THROUGH 2016 (SQUARE
METERS/$ MILLIONS) 217
Solar Selective Coatings 218
TABLE 144 EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES’ DEMAND FOR
SOLAR SELECTIVE COATINGS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 218
Solar Trackers 218
TABLE 145 EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES’ DEMAND FOR
SOLAR TRACKERS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 218
Stirling Engines 219
High Temperature Pumps 219
Other/Miscellaneous Materials 219
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY 219
TABLE 146 ADDITIONS TO EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES’
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY CAPACITY, THROUGH 2016 (MW) 220
FIGURE 40 PROJECTED GROWTH OF EMERGING MARKET
COUNTRIES’ GEOTHERMAL CAPACITY, 2010-2016 (MW) 220
TABLE 147 EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES’ INVESTMENTS IN
NEW GEOTHERMAL CAPACITY, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 221
CONSUMPTION OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND
DEVICES 221
TABLE 148 EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES DEMAND FOR
ADVANCED MATERIALS AND DEVICES USED IN GEOTHERMAL
ENERGY SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 221
Calcium Phosphate Well Cement 222
TABLE 149 EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES MARKET FOR
CALCIUM PHOSPHATE WELL CEMENT USED IN GEOTHERMAL
ENERGY SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 222
Heat Exchanger Tube Coatings 222
TABLE 150 EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES MARKET FOR PPS
HEAT EXCHANGER COATINGS USED IN GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
SYSTEMS, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) 223
Other Advanced Materials 223
CHAPTER FIFTEEN VENDOR PROFILES 224
ANTEC SOLAR ENERGY AG 224
THE BOEING COMPANY 224
BP SOLAR INTERNATIONAL LLC 225
CENTROSOLAR GLAS GMBH 225
CONERGY AG 226
DAYSTAR TECHNOLOGIES, INC 226
DOW CORNING CORP 227
ELKEM ASA 228
EMCORE CORP 228
ENERCON GMBH 228
EVERGREEN SOLAR 229
FIRST SOLAR LLC 230
FLAGSOL GMBH 230
G24 INNOVATIONS, LTD 231
GAMESA 231
GE ENERGY 232
HELIOVOLT CORP 232
INABENSA SA 233
INFINIA CORP 233
INNOVALIGHT, INC 233
ISOFOTON, SA 234
JX CRYSTALS 234
KONARKA TECHNOLOGIES, I
