World Sulfur Markets

World Sulfur Markets

This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Sulfur in Thousands of Metric Tons. The specific end-use segments discussed are Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining, and Others. The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and Rest of World. Annual forecasts are provided for each region for the period of 2001 through 2015. A ten-year historic analysis is also provided for these markets with annual market analytics. The report profiles 75 companies including many key and niche players worldwide such as Chemtrade Logistics, Jupiter Sulphur LLC, Marathon Petroleum Company LLC, PRISM Sulphur Corporation, PVS Chemicals, Inc., Shell Canada Limited, and Valero Energy Corporation. Market data and analytics are derived from primary and secondary research. Company profiles are mostly extracted from URL research and reported select online sources.

I. INTRODUCTION, METHODOLOGY & PRODUCT DEFINITIONS

Study Reliability and Reporting Limitations I-1
Disclaimers I-2
Data Interpretation & Reporting Level I-2
CAGR Disparities Between Historic & Current Data I-3
Quantitative Techniques & Analytics I-3
Product Definitions and Scope of Study I-3


II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. Market Overview II-1
Current & Future Analysis II-1
Classification of Sulfur Industry II-1
Factors Impacting Sulfur Supply II-1
Canadian Oil Sands II-1
Latin American Heavy-Crude Production II-1
Other Factors Influencing Supply II-2
Factors Driving Sulfur Demand II-2
Chinese Brimstone Consumption II-2
Ore-Leaching Processes II-2
Plant Nutrient Sulfur II-2
Mismatch Between Sulfur Supply and Demand II-3
Recovered Sulfur: Bane for Oil and Gas Companies II-3
Sulfur in Gasoline - The Real Culprit II-3
Fertilizer Industry - A Major End-Use Segment II-4
Evolution of the Fertilizer Industry: A Historical Glimpse II-4
Foundations of High Yields II-4
Industry Dynamics II-4
Sulfur, Its Place in the Chain II-4

2. Product Overview II-5
Sulfur: An Abundantly Found Element II-5
Global Sulfur Deposits II-5
Sulfuric Acid, The Prime Intermediary in Various Uses II-5
Sulfur: A Historical Overview II-5
Properties of Sulfur II-6
Physical Properties II-6
Chemical Properties II-7
Chemical Characteristics of Sulfur II-7
Uses II-7
Substitutes II-8
Environmental Hazards II-8
Isotopes II-8
Major Compounds II-8
Production Scenario II-9
Table 1: Global Sulfur Market (2003 & 2004): Production in
'000 Metric Tons by Leading Country - United States, Canada,
Russia, China, Japan, Kazakhstan, Germany, Saudi Arabia,
United Arab Emirates, Mexico, Iran, Chile, Korea, India, and
Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-9
Forced Production of Sulfur on Rise II-10
Production/Recovery of Sulfur II-10
Frasch Process II-10
Sulfur from Pyrites II-10
Claus Process II-10
Recovered Sulfur II-11
Sulfur Processing II-11
Formed Sulfurs II-11
Precipitated Sulfur II-11
Milled Sulfurs II-11
Emulsified Sulfur II-11

3. End-Use Applications II-12
Review of Major End Use Applications II-12
Agrochemicals II-12
Agrochemicals: Industry Overview II-12
Global Perspective II-12
Phosphoric Acid and Phosphate Fertilizers II-13
Table 2: Estimated Consumption of Sulfur in Fertilizer
Products II-13
Other Agriculture Based Application II-14
Role of E-commerce in Agrochemical Industry II-14
Review of Potential Markets II-14
Usage of Agrochemicals by Crop II-14
Table 3: Usage of Agrochemicals in Developed and Developing
Countries II-15
Petroleum Refining II-15
Sulfur Composition II-16
Major Issues Impacting Petroleum Refining Industry II-16
Metal Mining II-16
Other Industrial and Chemical Uses II-17
Caprolactam Manufacturing II-17
Hydrofluoric Acid Synthesis II-17
Pulp and Paper Manufacturing II-17
Sulfur Construction Materials II-17
Other Applications II-18
Role of Sulfur in Human Nutrition and Medicine II-18

4. Environmental Issues II-19
Sulfur as Atmospheric Pollutant: A Critical Evaluation II-19
China Leads in Sulfur Emissions into Atmosphere II-19
Legislations Mend Practices in Metal Refining II-19
Atmospheric Pollution: A Global Perspective II-19
Table 4: SO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuel Burning (In Million
Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-20
Curbing Pollutant Emissions: Global Efforts Gain Momentum II-21
First Agreement Comes into Being II-21
United States and Canada Join Forces II-21

5. Recent Industry Activity II-23
Tessenderlo Kerley Buys Best Sulfur Products II-23
Alliance Acquires High-Sulfur Coal Reserves II-23
Comibol to Reactivate Sulfuric Acid Plant II-23
Essar Oil Inks Pact with Jacobs to Set up Sulphur Recovery Units II-23
IRPC Signs a deal with Xishuangbanna Over High-Sulfur Gas Supply II-23
Korea Kumho Petrochemical to Build Plant in China II-24
NorAcid to Setup US$110 Million Sulfuric Acid Plant II-24
Vinati Organics to Increase the Capacity of Specialty
Chemicals Plant II-24
L&T to Supply Sulphur Recovery Units to Indian Oil Corporation II-24
Punj Lloyd to Set Up Plant in UAE II-24
Kiri Dyes And Chemicals to Establish a New Facility in Gujarat II-24
Mednogorsk Establishes New Sulfuric Acid Facility II-24
TGV Group to Set Up a Sulphuric Acid Plant in Sri Lanka II-25
Doe Run Peru Invests in Sulfuric Acid Plant II-25
Yefremovskiy Chemical Upgrades Sulfuric Acid Facility II-25
BAPCO to Inaugurate Low Sulphur Diesel Production Unit II-25
Kochi Refineries to Start a Bottoms Upgrading Project II-25
Topsoe Bags Ukrainian Contract for Setting up Sulfuric Acid Plant II-25
Wilon Resources Establishes Sulfur Extraction Facility II-26
Outokumpu to Set Up Sulfuric Acid Plants in Saudi Arabia II-26
Cumerio Steps Up Sulfur Acid Production II-26
Boda Sulfuric Acid Begins Operations II-26
DuPont to Construct New Sulfuric Acid Regeneration Plant II-26
P.T. Indo Bharat Rayon Sets up New Sulfuric Acid Facility II-27
GenTek Closes its Sulfuric Acid Plant II-27
JCC Announces Investment in Sulfur Chemicals & Other Products II-27
Kemira & Fortum to Increase Sulphuric Acid Output andEnergy II-27
Martin Midstream Acquires Fertilizer Operations from A & A
Fertilizer II-27
Mol Enters into Contract with Siirtec to Set up Sulfur-
Extracting Unit II-28
Degussa, Rizhao, and Financial Investor to form Degussa Lanxing II-28
Shandong Lvyuan Chemical Sets Up Sulfuric Acid Plant II-28
Bruno Bock Chemische Fabrik Acquires Evans Chemetics II-28
Chemtrade Logistics Acquires Peak Sulfur and Peak Chemical II-28
Ciech and PM Sign Contract II-28
DDS Announces Contract with Canadian Companies II-29
LMG Chemicals Signs Contract with Pilipinas Shell Petroleum II-29
BP to Invest in Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel Facilities II-29
Petro-Canada to Invest in Low-Sulfur Diesel Production Facility II-29
Fushun Completes Sulfur trioxide Sulfonation Plant II-29
Yangtze Completes Expansion of Sulfur Crude Refining Plant II-29
Valero Starts Construction Work on New Gasoline
Desulfurization Plant II-29
Fluor Corp. to Provide Engineering and Procurement Services
for Ultramar II-30
Marathon Awards EPC Contract for ULSK Plant to Stone & Webster II-30
CPCL Wins Approval to Expand Cauvery Refinery II-30
ENAP Commissions Hydrodesulfurization Unit at Concon Refinery II-30
Petrobras Commences Operation of New Hydrodesulfurization Unit II-30
Peabody Energy Acquires Rights to Low Sulfur Coal Reserves II-30
TVA Approves Low-Sulfur Coal Supply Contracts in US II-30
Deer Park Commences Operation of Low Sulfur Plant II-31
Catlettsburg Refining Awards Contract to Stone and Webster II-31
Marathon Awards EPC Contract to Shaw Constructors II-31

6. Focus on Select Global Players II-32
Chemtrade Logistics (Canada) II-32
Jupiter Sulphur LLC (US) II-32
Marathon Petroleum Company LLC (US) II-32
PRISM Sulphur Corporation (Canada) II-33
PVS Chemicals, Inc. (USA) II-33
Shell Canada Limited (Canada) II-33
Valero Energy Corporation (US) II-33

7. Global Market Perspective II-35
Table 5: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Sulfur by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of
World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures
in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2001 Through 2010 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-35

Table 6: World Long-Term Projections for Sulfur by Geographic
Region - USA, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding
Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for
Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-36

Table 7: World Historic Review for Sulfur by Geographic Region -
USA, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan),
Latin America and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed
with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Metric Tons forYears
1991 Through 2000 (includescorresponding Graph/Chart) II-37

Table 8: World 20-Year Perspective for Sulfur by Geographic
Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for USA, Canada,
Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America
and Rest of World Markets for Years 1991, 1997, 2007 & 2010
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-38

Table 9: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Sulfur in Agrochemicals by Geographic Region - USA, Canada,
Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America
and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2001 Through
2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-39

Table 10: World Long-Term Projections for Sulfur in
Agrochemicals by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest
of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2011 Through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-40

Table 11: World Historic Review for Sulfur in Agrochemicals by
Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand
Metric Tons for Years 1991 Through 2000 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-41

Table 12: World 20-Year Perspective for Sulfur in
Agrochemicals by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets for
Years 1991, 1997, 2007 & 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-42

Table 13: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Sulfur in Petroleum Refining by Geographic Region - USA,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin
America and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2001
Through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-43

Table 14: World Long-Term Projections for Sulfur in Petroleum
Refining by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of
World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures
in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2011 Through 2015 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-44

Table 15: World Historic Review for Sulfur in Petroleum
Refining by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of
World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures
in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 1991 Through 2000 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-45

Table 16: World 20-Year Perspective for Sulfur in Petroleum
Refining by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume
Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding
Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets for Years
1991, 1997, 2007 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-46

Table 17: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Sulfur in Metal Mining by Geographic Region - USA, Canada,
Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America
and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2001 Through
2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-47

Table 18: World Long-Term Projections for Sulfur in Metal
Mining by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of
World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures
in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2011 Through 2015 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-48

Table 19: World Historic Review for Sulfur in Metal Mining by
Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand
Metric Tons for Years 1991 Through 2000 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-49

Table 20: World 20-Year Perspective for Sulfur in Metal Mining
by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales
for USA, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding
Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets for Years
1991, 1997, 2007 & 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-50

Table 21: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Sulfur in Other Applications by Geographic Region - USA,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin
America and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2001
Through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-51

Table 22: World Long-Term Projections for Sulfur in Other
Applications by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest
of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2011 Through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-52

Table 23: World Historic Review for Sulfur in Other
Applications by Geographic Region - USA, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest
of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 1991 Through 2000
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-53

Table 24: World 20-Year Perspective for Sulfur in Other
Applications by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for USA, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets for
Years 1991, 1997, 2007 & 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-54


III. MARKET

1. The United States III-1
A.Market Analysis III-1
Current & Future Analysis III-1
Sulfur Market in the Recent Past III-1
Table 25: Sulfur Market in the US (2003 & 2004): Production
in '000 Metric Tons by Resource - Petroleum and Natural Gas III-2

Table 26: Sulfur Market in North America (2003): Percentage
Breakdown of Production by Source - Oil & Natural Gas and
Smelting & Others III-2

Table 27: Leading Liquid Sulfur Dioxide Producers in the US
(2003): Capacity in ‘000 Short Tons for Calabrian, Olin
Chlor Alkali, Rhodia, PVS Chemicals, Rhodia, Chemtrade
Logistics, and Thatcher (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-2

Table 28: Leading Sulfuric Acid Producers in the US (2002):
Capacity in ‘000 Short Tons for IMC Global, PCS Phosphate,
Cargill Fertilizer, Rhodia, CF Industries, J.R. Simplot,
DuPont, U.S. AgroChemicals, General Chemical, and Others
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-3
US Exports and Imports - Key Statistics III-3
Table 29: Crude Sulfur Market in the US (2003): Exports in
Metric Tons by Leading Country - Morocco, China, Brazil,
Israel, Canada, Mexico, Vietnam, El Salvador, Senegal,
Honduras, and Others III-3

Table 30: Crude Sulfur Market in the US (2003): Exports in
US$ '000 by Leading Country - China, Morocco, Brazil,
Canada, Israel, Senegal, Mexico, El Salvador, Costa Rica,
Honduras, and Others III-4

Table 31: Refined Sulfur Market in the US (2003): Exports
in Metric Tons by Leading Country -Brazil, China, Mexico,
Canada, Costa Rica,Colombia, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, Federal
Rep. of Germany, El Salvador, and Others III-4

Table 32: Refined Sulfur Market in the US (2003): Exports
in US$ '000 by Leading Country - China, Brazil, Canada,
Taiwan, Mexico, Costa Rica, Colombia, South Africa,
Australia, Venezuela, and Others(includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-5

Table 33: Elemental Sulfur Market in the US (2003):
Exports in Metric Tons and US$ '000 by Leading Country -
Brazil, Canada, China, Mexico,Morocco, & Others
(includescorresponding Graph/Chart) III-5

Table 34: Crude Sulfur Market in the US (2003): Imports in
Metric Tons by Leading Country - Saudi Arabia, Canada,
Venezuela, Mexico, Iraq, Kuwait, United Kingdom,
Russia,Norway, Algeria, and Others (includescorresponding
Graph/Chart) III-6

Table 35: Crude Sulfur Market in the US (2003): Imports in
US$ '000 by Leading Country - Saudi Arabia, Venezuela,
Iraq, Kuwait, Mexico,Canada, United Kingdom, Russia,
Norway, Algeria, and Others (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-6

Table 36: Refined Sulfur Market in the US (2003): Imports
in Metric Tons by Leading Country - Venezuela,Iraq, Saudi
Arabia, Canada, Kuwait, Russia,Norway, United Kingdom,
Argentina, Syria, andOthers (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-7

Table 37: Refined Sulfur Market in the US (2003): Imports
in US$ '000 by Leading Country - Venezuela, Iraq, Saudi
Arabia, Norway, Russia, United Kingdom, Argentina, Kuwait,
Canada, Syria, and Others (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-7

Table 38: Elemental Sulfur Market in the US (2003):
Imports in Metric Tons and US$ '000 by Leading Country -
Canada, Mexico, and Others (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-8

Table 39: Sulfur Dioxide Market in the US (2003): Imports
in ‘000 Metric Tons and US$ Million by Country - Canada,
Mexico, South Africa, China, and South Korea III-8
Strategic Corporate Developments III-8
Focus on Select Players III-11
Jupiter Sulphur LLC III-11
Marathon Petroleum Company LLC III-11
PVS Chemicals, Inc. III-12
Valero Energy Corporation III-12
B.Market Analytics III-13
Table 40: US Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Sulfur by End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum
Refining, Metal Mining, and Others Independently Analyzed
with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years
2001 Through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-13

Table 41: US Long-Term Projections for Sulfur by End-Use
Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining,
and Others Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures
in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2011 Through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-13

Table 42: US Historic Review for Sulfur by End-Use Segment -
Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining, and Others
Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand
Metric Tons for Years 1991 Through 2000 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-14

Table 43: US 20-Year Perspective for Sulfur by End-Use
Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for
Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining, and Others
for Years 1991, 1997, 2007 & 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-14

2. Canada III-15
A.Market Analysis III-15
Current & Future Analysis III-15
Majority Produce Moves to Offshore Markets III-15
Oil Sands: A Promising Source III-15
Strategic Corporate Developments III-15
Focus on Select Players III-16
Chemtrade Logistics III-16
PRISM Sulphur Corporation III-16
Shell Canada III-16
B.Market Analytics III-17
Table 44: Canadian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for Sulfur by End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum
Refining, Metal Mining, and Others Independently Analyzed
with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years
2001 Through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-17

Table 45: Japanese Long-Term Projections for Sulfur by
End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal
Mining, and Others Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2001 Through 2010
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-17

Table 46: Canadian Historic Review for Sulfur by End-Use
Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining,
and Others Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures
in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 1991 Through 2000
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-18

Table 47: Canadian 20-Year Perspective for Sulfur by End-Use
Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for
Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining, and Others
for Years 1991, 1997, 2007 & 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-18

3. Japan III-19
Market Analysis III-19
Table 48: Japanese Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for Sulfur by End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum
Refining, Metal Mining, and Others Independently Analyzed
with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years
2001 Through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-19

Table 49: Japanese Long-Term Projections for Sulfur by
End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal
Mining, and Others Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2001 Through 2010
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-20

Table 50: Japanese Historic Review for Sulfur by End-Use
Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining,
and Others Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures
in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 1991 Through 2000
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-20

Table 51: Japanese 20-Year Perspective for Sulfur by End-Use
Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for
Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining, and Others
for Years 1991, 1997, 2007 & 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-21

4. Europe III-22
A.Market Analysis III-22
Current & Future Analysis III-22
Strategic Corporate Development III-22
B.Market Analytics III-23
Table 52: European Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for Sulfur by Geographic Region - France, Germany, Italy, UK
and Rest of Europe Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2001
Through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-23

Table 53: European Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for Sulfur by End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum
Refining, Metal Mining, and Others Independently Analyzed
with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years
2001 Through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-23

Table 54: European Long-Term Projections for Sulfur by
Geographic Region - France, Germany, Italy, UK and Rest of
Europe Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2011 Through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-24

Table 55: European Long-Term Projections for Sulfur by
End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal
Mining, and Others Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2011 Through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-24

Table 56: European Historic Review for Sulfur by Geographic
Region - France, Germany, Italy, UK and Rest of Europe
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in
Thousand Metric Tons for Years 1991 Through 2000 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-25

Table 57: European Historic Review for Sulfur byEnd-Use
Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining,
and Others Independently Analyzedwith Annual Sales Figures
in Thousand Metric Tonsfor Years 1991 Through 2000
(includescorresponding Graph/Chart) III-25

Table 58: European 20-Year Perspective for Sulfur by
Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for
France, Germany, Italy, UK and Rest of Europe Markets for
Years 1991, 1997, 2007 & 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-26

Table 59: European 20-Year Perspective for Sulfur by End-Use
Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for
Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining, and Others
for Years 1991, 1997, 2007 & 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-26

4a. France III-27
Market Analysis III-27
Table 60: French Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Sulfur by End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals,Petroleum
Refining, Metal Mining, and Others Independently Analyzed
with Annual Sales Figuresin Thousand Metric Tons for Years
2001 Through2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-27

Table 61: French Long-Term Projections for Sulfur by End-Use
Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining,
and Others Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures
in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2011 Through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-28

Table 62: French Historic Review for Sulfur by End-Use
Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining,
and Others Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures
in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 1991 Through 2000
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-28

Table 63: French 20-Year Perspective for Sulfur by End-Use
Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for
Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining, and Others
for Years 1991, 1997, 2007 & 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-29

4b. Germany III-30
Market Analysis III-30
Table 64: German Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Sulfur by End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum
Refining, Metal Mining, and Others Independently Analyzed
with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years
2001 Through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-30

Table 65: German Long-Term Projections for Sulfur by End-Use
Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining,
and Others Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures
in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2011 Through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-31

Table 66: German Historic Review for Sulfur by End-Use
Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining,
and Others Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures
in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 1991 Through 2000
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-31

Table 67: German 20-Year Perspective for Sulfur by End-Use
Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for
Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining, and Others
for Years 1991, 1997, 2007 & 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-32

4c. Italy III-33
Market Analysis III-33
Table 68: Italian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Sulfur by End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum
Refining, Metal Mining, and Others Independently Analyzed
with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years
2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-33

Table 69: Italian Long-Term Projections for Sulfur by
End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal
Mining, and Others Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2011 Through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-34

Table 70: Italian Historic Review for Sulfur by End-Use
Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining,
and Others Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures
in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 1991 Through 2000
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-34

Table 71: Italian 20-Year Perspective for Sulfur by End-Use
Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for
Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining, and Others
for Years 1991, 1997, 2007 & 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-35

4d. The United Kingdom III-36
Market Analysis III-36
Table 72: UK Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Sulfur by End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum
Refining, Metal Mining, and Others Independently Analyzed
with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years
2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-36

Table 73: UK Long-Term Projections for Sulfur by End-Use
Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining,
and Others Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures
in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2011 Through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-37

Table 74: UK Historic Review for Sulfur by End-Use Segment -
Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining, and Others
Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand
Metric Tonsfor Years 1991 Through 2000
(includescorresponding Graph/Chart) III-37

Table 75: UK 20-Year Perspective for Sulfur by End-Use
Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Salesfor
Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining,and Others
for Years 1991, 1997, 2007 & 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-38

4e. Rest of Europe III-39
A.Market Analysis III-39
Current & Future Analysis III-39
Strategic Corporate Developments III-39
B.Market Analytics III-40
Table 76: Rest of Europe Recent Past, Current & Future
Analysis for Sulfur by End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals,
Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining, and Others Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Metric Tons
for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-40

Table 77: Rest of Europe Long-Term Projections for Sulfur by
End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal
Mining, and Others Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2011 Through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-40

Table 78: Rest of Europe Historic Review for Sulfur by
End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal
Mining, and Others Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 1991 Through 2000
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-41

Table 79: Rest of Europe 20-Year Perspective for Sulfur by
End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for
Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining, and Others
for Years 1991, 1997, 2007 & 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-41

5. Asia-Pacific III-42
A.Market Analysis III-42
Current & Future Analysis III-42
China III-42
A Major Market in the Region III-42
Increasing Drift Towards Elemental Sulfur III-42
China’s Sulfur Imports Jeopardize Domestic Industry III-42
High Sulfur Gas Fields in China III-43
China Keen to Control Sulfur Dioxide Emissions III-43
High Sulfur Dioxide Emissions Pour Heavy Acid Rain in China III-43
China Targets Thermal Power Plants to Lower Sulfur Dioxide
Emissions III-44
Strategic Corporate Developments III-44
B.Market Analytics III-47
Table 80: Asia-Pacific Recent Past, Current & Future
Analysis for Sulfur by End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals,
Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining, and Others Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Metric Tons
for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-47

Table 81: Asia-Pacific Long-Term Projections for Sulfur by
End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals,Petroleum Refining, Metal
Mining, and Others Independently Analyzed with Annual
SalesFigures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2011 Through
2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-47

Table 82: Asia-Pacific Historic Review for Sulfur by End-Use
Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining,
and Others Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures
in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 1991 Through 2000
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-48

Table 83: Asia-Pacific 20-Year Perspective for Sulfur by
End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for
Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining, and Others
for Years 1991, 1997, 2007 & 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-48

6. Latin America III-49
A.Market Analysis III-49
Current & Future Analysis III-49
Strategic Corporate Developments III-49
B.Market Analytics III-50
Table 84: Latin America Recent Past, Current & Future
Analysis for Sulfur by End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals,
Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining, and Others Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Metric Tons
for Years 2001 Through 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-50

Table 85: Latin America Long-Term Projections for Sulfur by
End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal
Mining, and Others Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2011 Through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-51

Table 86: Latin America Historic Review for Sulfur by
End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal
Mining, and Others Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 1991 Through 2000
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-51

Table 87: Latin America 20-Year Perspective for Sulfur by
End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for
Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining, and Others
for Years 1991, 1997, 2007 & 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-52

7. Rest of World III-53
A.Market Analysis III-53
Current & Future Analysis III-53
Strategic Corporate Developments III-53
B.Market Analytics III-54
Table 88: Rest of World Recent Past, Current & Future
Analysis for Sulfur by End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals,
Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining, and Others Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Metric Tons
for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-54

Table 89: Rest of World Long-Term Projections for Sulfur by
End-Use Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal
Mining, and Others Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Thousand Metric Tons for Years 2011 through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-54

Table 90: Rest of World Historic Review for Sulfur byEnd-Use
Segment - Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining, Metal Mining,
and Others Independently Analyzedwith Annual Sales Figures
in Thousand MetricTons for Years 1991 Through 2000 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-55

Table 91: Rest of World 20-Year Perspective for Sulfurby
End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown ofVolume Sales for
Agrochemicals, Petroleum Refining,Metal Mining, and Others
for Years 1991, 1997,2007 & 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-55


IV. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE