World Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) Market

World Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) Market

This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) in US$ Million.The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the North America, Europe, Japan, and Rest of World. Annual forecasts are provided for each region for the period of 2000 through 2015. The report profiles 62 companies including many key and niche players worldwide such as Acumentrics Corporation, Inc., Acumentrics Canada Ltd., Adaptive Materials, Inc., Adelan Ltd., Ceramic Fuel Cells Ltd., Cummins Power Generation Inc, Delphi Corporation., GE Hybrid Power Generation Systems, Global Thermoelectric, Inc., Rolls-Royce Plc., SOFCo-EFS Holdings LLC, Siemens Power Generation, Inc., Hexis AG, and Ztek Corporation. Market data and analytics are derived from primary and secondary research. Company profiles are mostly extracted from URL research and reported select online sources.

SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS (SOFCs) MCP-1819
A GLOBAL STRATEGIC BUSINESS REPORT


CONTENTS


I. INTRODUCTION, METHODOLOGY & PRODUCT DEFINITIONS

Study Reliability and Reporting Limitations I-1
Disclaimers I-2
Data Interpretation & Reporting Level I-2
Quantitative Techniques & Analytics I-3
Product Definitions and Scope of Study I-3


II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. Industry Overview II-1
A Prelude to the Changing Energy Industry II-1
Whimsical Visions Of An All-Hydrogen Economy Drives Interest
in Fuel Cells II-1
Favorable Conditions Required II-2
Fuel Cells: A Revolution in the Making II-2
In Time for Making the Right Kind of Impact II-2
Table 1: World Consumption of Electricity: Breakdown by
Trillion Kilowatt Hours by Region for the Years 1997 & 2020
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-3
Deregulation of the Energy Market II-3
The Promise of Deregulation II-3
The Present State of Deregulation II-4
To Regulate or Deregulate Is the Billion-Dollar Question II-4
Despite Deregulation Price Continue to Rise: A Peek Into the
Paradox II-5
The SOFC Technology Market: A Quick Primer II-5
A Curtain Raiser II-5
SOFCs to the Rescue II-6
What Makes SOFCs Such a Cherished Technology? II-6
What’s in the Material? II-7
Lanthanum Chromite: A Possible Material for Interconnects II-7
SOFCs: Then & Now II-7
The Origin Of SOFCs II-7
SOFCs Journey Up The Technology Curve: A Review II-8
Present Levels of Commercialization II-9
The Focus of Current Research II-9
Technology Challenges to Reckon With II-10
Fuel Cell Stacking: A Daunting Challenge II-10
What’s the Holy Grail of SOFC Developers? II-10
Single Chamber SOFC: A Tool for Increased Power Density II-11
Other Challenges II-11
The Role of the Government in Driving the Market’s Future II-11
Table 2: Worldwide Fuel Cell Research (2002): Government
Spending in US$ Million in Select Geographic Regions - US,
Japan, Canada, and UK (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-12
SECA: Established to Chase the SOFC Dream II-12
Advantages Offered by the SECA Initiative II-13
Futuristics II-13
Conclusions II-14

2. Market Dynamics II-15
Conventional Power Companies Vie for the SOFC Pie II-15
SOFCs: The Newest Theme for Clean Energy II-15
Euphoric Predictions/Expectations Fail to Materialize II-15
Tempered by Uncertainty, Team Effort Prevails II-16
SOFCs: A Technology Of Interest to the Developed Countries II-16
North America: A Forerunner in Global SOFC Commercialization II-16
All Hands On the Deck: Japan Takes On Board the Fuel Cell Concept II-17
Environmental Benefits Make SOFCs Irresistible II-17
SOFCs: Ideal for Distributed Power Generation II-17
PEMFC: A Major Threat II-18
The Automobile Sector Stands Up and Takes Notice II-18

3. Fuel Cells: A Technology Freeze Frame II-19
Fuel Cells Enter the Lexicon of Modern Energy Generation II-19
Fuel Cell Technologies II-20
Technical Features II-20
Types of Fuel Cells & their Maximum Operating Temperatures II-21
Evolution of Fuel Cells II-21
Present Market Scenario II-21
Growth Drivers II-22
Rising Concerns for Global Warming II-22
Depletion of Fossil Fuel Reserves II-22
Technical Hurdles II-22
Surface Area of Components: A Major Issue II-22
Miniaturization: A Major Challenge in Designing Portable
Fuel Cells II-22
Costs: A Herculean Challenge II-23
Types of Fuel Cells II-23
Alkaline Fuel Cell (AFC) II-23
Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell (PAFC) II-23
Solid Polymer or Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEM) II-24
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) II-24
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) II-24
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC) II-24
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) II-25
Assumptions and Facts II-25
Structural & Operational Simplicity II-25
Fuel-Efficiency II-25
Hydrogen Economy II-26
Conclusions II-26

4. SOFC Technology Overview II-27
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC): A Definition II-27
Advantages II-27
Pollution Index II-27
Pitfalls II-28
High Manufacturing Costs II-28
High Operating Temperature II-28
A Working Model of a SOFC II-28
1. Reduction of Oxygen into Negatively Charged Oxygen Ions (
O2-) at Cathode II-28
2. Conduction Negatively Charged Oxygen Ions Through Electrolyte II-29
3. Oxidation of Hydrogen at Anode II-29
Architectural Dynamics II-29
Components of SOFCs II-29
Cathode II-29
Electrolyte II-30
Anode II-30
Interconnect II-31
SOFC Component Materials & Properties II-31
Yttria Stabilized Zirconia II-31
Nickel II-31
Strontium Doped Lanthanum Magnetite II-31
Lanthanum Chromite II-32
SOFCs: An Evolution Scan II-32
Types of SOFCs II-32
Classification by Design II-32
Planar SOFCs II-32
Electrolyte-Supported Planar SOFCs II-33
Electrode-Supported or Anode-Supported Planar SOFCs II-33
Drawbacks II-33
Need for Long-Lasting Seals II-33
High Costs II-33
Tubular SOFCs II-33
What’s More Popular - Planar or Tubular? II-33
Table 3: World SOFC Market: Percentage Breakdown of SOFC
Developers Engaged in Researching Planar and Tubular
Designs by Region/Country for the Year 2002 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-34
Classification by Operating Temperatures II-34
High Temperature SOFCs II-34
Advantages II-35
Disadvantages II-35
Intermediate Temperature SOFC II-35
The Math of Reducing Operating Temperature II-35
Other Implications II-36
Research Focus II-36
Advantages of Reducing Operating Temperatures II-37
Disadvantages of Reducing Operating Temperatures II-37
Research Developments in Intermediate Temperature SOFCs II-37
Applications of SOFCs II-38
Stationary Power Applications II-38
Table 4: Fuel Cell Technologies for Stationary Applications:
2004-2005 (In %) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-39
Standalone Power Generator II-39
Transportation II-39
The PEMFC Edge II-40
Mobile Electronic Equipments/Portable Energy Applications II-40
Space & Military II-40
Table 5: US Market for Fuel Cells in Military Applications
by Technology - PEMFC, Alkaline Fuel Cells, PAFC, MCFC, and
SOFC: 2004 & 2008 (P) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-41

5. Research & Technology Effervescence II-42
NEDO Tests Demonstrate Over 50% Efficiency of SOFC system II-42
Acumentrics, NRCan Investigate Prospects of Using Ammonia in
SOFCs II-42
New SOFC Technology from Japanese Scientists II-42
Researcher Devises SOFC with Additional Features II-42
US Scientists Design SOFC with Innovative Architectural Design II-43
Hosokawa Micron Unveils SOFC with Reduced Operating Temperature II-43
Scientists Develop Technology to Produce Nanostructured SOFCs II-43
Delphi Corporation Develops Fuel-Flexible SOFC Power System II-43
Scientists invent new electrode material II-44
Toto Enhances the Overall Efficiency of SOFCs II-44
FCT and TOTO to Design an SOFC for Residential Use II-44
Single Chamber SOFC from American Researchers II-44
Scientists in Japan Invent New Electrolyte II-44
US Scientist Redesigns SOFC to Recover Lost Fuel II-44
US Scientists Unveil the Merits of a Thin Electrolyte II-45
ESL Introduce New Electrolyte Material II-45
New Electrode Material Enhance SOFC Efficiency II-45
Kainos Energy Develops New Manufacturing Technique II-45
NanoDynamics Develops Portable SOFC II-45
NanoDynamics Introduces Unique Manufacturing Method II-46
Delphi Develops Solid-Oxide Fuel Cells II-46

6. Recent Industry Activity II-47
CFCL Inks Supply Agreement with CeramTec II-47
Rolls-Royce Fuel Cells Systems Acquires SOFCo-EFS Holdings II-47
Acumentrics Ships 5kW SOFC System to Hera Holdings II-47
Digital Sofcell LLC Restructured for Fund Raising Purpose II-47
FCT Inks Supply Deal With Siemens II-48
FuelCell Pockets DOE Contract II-48
Versa Power Roped In To Develop High Capacity Coal-Based SOFC II-48
Franklin Fuel Cells Bags Two US Patents II-49
Vaillant Teams Up With Webasto II-49
Delphi Corporation Unveils Fuel-Flexible SOFC II-49
NanoDynamics Approved US Patent II-49
CFCL Joins Forces With Precision Flow Technologies II-49
BTU International Inks Agreement With Boston University II-50
Siemens Collaborates With Meidensha II-50
FCT Ties Up With TOTO Ltd. II-50
Worldwide Energy Inks Licensing Pact With ORNL II-50
BTU International Ties Up With Rolls Royce II-51
AMI Collaborates With IFCI II-51
FCT Supplies SOFC System To BP Shipping II-51
Fuel Cell Technologies Receives CSA Certification II-51
Webasto and HC Starck Receives EC Approval II-51
Digital Sofcell, ShenLi and Goeta forms a Joint Venture II-51
Acumentrics and MTS Group Ink Contract II-52
GE Energy Pockets US DOE Deal II-52
CFCL Delivers SOFC Unit II-52
Rolls Royce Strikes Deal with Singapore Firms II-52
FCT Ties up with Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) II-53
Acumentrics Ships SOFC System II-53
GTI-Led Team Gains CERL Contract II-53
FuelCell Energy Unit Merges with Versa Power Systems II-53
Acumentrics Corporation Floated Joint Venture With Sumitomo
Corporation II-53
H.C. Starck Pockets InDEC Majority Share II-54
Ontario And Siemens Install SOFC Unit II-54
InDEC Bags Planet Capital Management II-54
Versa Power Systems Commercialize RT-SOFC II-55
Cummins Wins DOE Contract II-55
Norske Shell And Siemens Power Generation Install SOFC Unit In
Norway II-55

7. Focus on Select Global Players II-56
Acumentrics Corporation. (USA) II-56
Acumentrics Canada Ltd (Canada) II-56
Adaptive Materials, Inc. (USA) II-56
Adelan Ltd. (UK) II-56
Ceramic Fuel Cells Ltd. (Australia) II-57
Cummins Power Generation Inc (USA) II-57
Delphi Corporation (USA) II-57
GE Hybrid Power Generation Systems (USA) II-58
Global Thermoelectric, Inc. (Canada) II-58
Rolls-Royce Plc (UK) II-58
SOFCo-EFS Holdings LLC (USA) II-59
Siemens Power Generation, Inc (USA) II-59
Hexis AG (Germany) II-59
Ztek Corporation (USA) II-60

8. Global Market Perspective II-61
Table 6: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) by Geographic Region - North
America, Europe, Japan, and Rest of World Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Revenues in US$ Million for
the Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-61

Table 7: World Long Term Projections for Solid Oxide Fuel
Cells (SOFCs) by Geographic Region - North America, Europe,
Japan, and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Revenues in US$ Million for the Years 2011 through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-62

Table 8: World 10-Year Perspective for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
(SOFCs) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Revenues for North America, Europe, Japan, and Rest of World
Markets for Years 2003, 2008 & 2012 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-62


III. MARKET

1. North America III-1
A.Market Analysis III-1
Market in North America: A Quick Primer III-1
Market Drivers In a Capsule III-1
Market Inhibitors In a Capsule III-1
SECA: A Unique Initiative III-2
Stationary Power Application: The Largest End-Use Market III-2
Table 9: Stationary SOFC Market in North America: Revenue
Contribution by SOFC Power Units by Output for Years 2004,
2006 and 2009 (In %) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-3
The Price Factor III-3
Table 10: Stationary SOFC Market in North America: Average
Price Per Kilowatt of Power Produced by Stationary SOFC
Units for Years 2004, 2006 and 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-3
A Peek Into Commercial Products & Products in the Pipeline III-4
Key Market Trends III-5
The Shadow of Competition Grows Longer III-5
An Unstructured Retail Space III-6
SOFC: Popular With Traditional Power Giants III-6
SOFC Benefits from the Power Hungry World Population III-6
Clampdown on Pollution Encourages Technological Shift III-6
Government Backing Speeds Up Commercialization Process III-7
Strong Economy Leads to Faster Penetration/Adaptation III-7
Sluggish Deregulation Process of Power Industry Affects
SOFC Market III-7
Competition from Allied Technologies III-7
Competitive Landscape III-8
Technology Developments III-8
Strategic Developments III-11
Key Players III-17
B.Market Analytics III-20
Table 11: North American Recent Past, Current &Future Market
Analysis for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) With Annual
Revenues in US$ Million for the Years 2000 through 2010
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-20

Table 12: North American Long Term Projections for Solid
Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) With Annual Revenues in US$ Million
for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-21

2. Europe III-22
A.Market Analysis III-22
A Primer III-22
Stationary SOFC Systems on the Upward Trajectory III-22
Table 13: European SOFC Stationary Power Market: Percentage
Revenue Breakdown of SOFC Systems by Power Output for the
years 2004, 2006, 2008, and 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-23
High Costs: A Major Issue III-23
Conventional Power Market: Still Going Strong III-23
Strategic Developments III-24
Key Players III-26
B.Market Analytics III-27
Table 14: European Recent Past, Current & Future Market
Analysis for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) With Annual
Revenues in US$ Million for the Years 2000 through 2010
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-27

Table 15: European Long Term Projections for Solid Oxide
Fuel Cells (SOFCs) With Annual Revenues in US$ Million for
the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-27

3. Japan III-28
A.Market Analysis III-28
A Primer III-28
History of Fuel Cell Innovation in Japan III-28
Kyoto Protocol Offers a Business Case for Fuel Cells III-29
Kyushu - Japan’s Fuel Cell Center III-29
Japan Lures Foreign Investments III-29
SOFC Market Drivers in Japan III-29
Technology Developments III-30
Strategic Development III-31
B.Market Analytics III-32
Table 16: Japanese Recent Past, Current & Future Market
Analysis for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) With Annual
Revenues in US$ Million for the Years 2000 through 2010
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-32

Table 17: Japanese Long Term Projections for Solid Oxide
Fuel Cells (SOFCs) With Annual Revenues in US$ Million for
the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-32

4. Rest of World III-33
A.Market Analysis III-33
A Primer III-33
Strategic Developments III-33
Key Players III-33
B.Market Analytics III-34
Table 18: Rest of World Recent Past, Current & Future Market
Analysis for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) With Annual
Revenues in US$ Million for the Years 2000 through 2010
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-34

Table 19: Rest of World Long Term Projections for Solid
Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) With Annual Revenues in US$ Million
for the Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-35


IV. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE