World Carbon & Graphite Market

World Carbon & Graphite Market

This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Carbon & Graphite in Millions of US$. The major product segments analyzed are Carbon & Graphite Electrodes (Carbon Electrodes, & Graphite Electrodes), and Other Carbon & Graphite Products (C&G Automotive Brushes, C&G Industrial Brushes & Contacts, C&G Brush Plates, C&G Fibers, C&G Products For Electrical Uses, C&G Products For Mechanical Uses, C&G Products For Aerospace Uses, and C&G Products For Other Uses). The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, South America, and Rest of World. Annual forecasts are provided for each region for the period of 2000 through 2015. The report profiles 206 companies including many key and niche players worldwide such as Cabot Corporation, Carbone Lorraine, Evonik Degussa GmbH, GrafTech International Ltd, HEG Ltd., Hexcel Corporation, Mitsubishi Rayon Co. Ltd., GRAFIL Inc., Morgan Crucible Company Plc, Morgan Industrial Carbon, Nippon Carbon Co Ltd, SGL Carbon, Showa Denko Carbon K.K, Showa Denko Carbon Inc., Superior Graphite Co., Toho Tenax Co., Ltd., Toho Tenax America, Inc., Tokai Carbon Co Ltd, Toray Industries Inc., and Zoltek Companies, Inc. Market data and analytics are derived from primary and secondary research. Company profiles are mostly extracted from URL research and reported select online sources.

CARBON & GRAPHITE MCP-2034
A GLOBAL STRATEGIC BUSINESS REPORT


CONTENTS


I. INTRODUCTION, METHODOLOGY & PRODUCT DEFINITIONS

Study Reliability and Reporting Limitations I-1
Disclaimers I-2
Data Interpretation & Reporting Level I-2
Quantitative Techniques & Analytics I-2
Product Definitions and Scope of Study I-3
Carbon & Graphite Electrodes I-4
Carbon Electrodes I-4
Graphite Electrodes I-4


II. EXEMCUTIVE SUMMARY

1. Global Market Overview II-1
Market Snapshots II-1
Current and Future Analysis II-2
Regional Market Analysis II-2
Segmental Analysis II-2
Carbon and Graphite Market Prospects Heavily Tied to End-Use
Industries II-2
Carbon Fiber Market Scenario II-3
Table 1: World Market for Carbon Fiber (2005): Consumption in
Metric Tons by Geographic Region for US, Japan, Europe and
Rest of World (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-3

Table 2: World Market for Carbon Fiber (2005): Consumption in
Metric Tons by End-Use Application for Industrial, Aerospace
and Sports Materials (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-4
Key Carbon Fiber Players Boosting Production Capacity II-4
Market Overview of Carbon Black II-4
Table 3: World Carbon Black Market (2006): Percentage Share
Breakdown of Annual Volume Consumption by Geographic Region -
US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific Latin America and
Rest of World (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-5
Asian Countries - Prime Growth Areas II-5
Shift towards Asian Countries II-5
Developed Regions Exhibit Grim Outlook II-6
Major End-Use Industries II-6
Raw-Material Intensive II-6
Demand to Increase in Specialized End-Use Segments II-6
Global Activated Carbon Market II-6
Table 4: World Activated Carbon Market (2005 & 2010):
Percentage Share Breakdown of Volume Sales by Country/
Region - US, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Rest of World
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-7
Restructuring of the Graphite Electrode Industry II-7

2. Trends & Issues II-8
Environmental Applications Spur Growth II-8
Shift towards Granular Activated Carbon II-8
Highly Pure Form of Graphite Gaining Prominence II-8
Novel Purification Techniques and Processing Procedures
BoostNatural Graphite Applications II-8
China Boosting Graphite Production II-8
New Developmental Applications Drive the Market for Heavy-Tow
Carbon Fibers II-9
Advance Applications Drive Growth II-9
Fuel Cells - Offering High Growth Potential II-9
Pressure from Environmental Groups II-9
Graphite Electrode Pricing Trends II-9

3. Production Scenario II-10
Graphite Production II-10
Table 5: Graphite Market Worldwide (2001-2005): Annual
Production in Metric Tons by Leading Producers for China,
India, Brazil, North Korea, Canada, Madagascar, Mexico, Czech
Republic, Ukraine, Zimbabwe and Others (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-10
Graphite Electrodes Production II-11
Table 6: Regular/HP Grade Graphite Electrodes Market
Worldwide (2005): Annual Production Capacity in Metric Tons
by Major Countries - China, Russia and Ukraine/ Romania
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-11

Table 7: UHP Grade Graphite Electrodes Market Worldwide
(2005): Annual Production Capacity in Metric Tons by Leading
Players for Graftech International, SGL Carbon, HEG Ltd.,
Graphite India and Others (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-11
Carbon Fiber Production II-12
Table 8: Carbon Fiber Market Worldwide (2005): Annual
Production in Metric Tons by Geographic Region for US, Japan,
Europe and Rest of World (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-12

Table 9: World Market for PAN-Based (£ 24K) Carbon Fiber
(2004): Annual Production Capacity in Metric Tons for Toray
Industries, Toho Tenax, Mitsubishi Rayon, SOFICAR, Hexcel,
Cytec, Tenax Fibers, Formosa Plastics, Toray Carbon Fibers
and Grafil (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-12

Table 10: World Market for PAN-Based (>24K) Carbon Fiber
(2004): Annual Production Capacity in Metric Tons for Toho
Carbon Fibers, Zoltek, SGL Technic, Carbon Fiber Technology,
Toray Industries and Ballard Material Products (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-13

Table 11: World Market for MESO Pitch-Based Carbon Fiber
(2004): Annual Production Capacity in Metric Tons for
Mitsubishi Chemical, Cytec and Nippon Graphite (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-13
Carbon Black II-13

4. Product Overview II-14
Carbon II-14
Properties and Isotopes of Carbon II-14
Carbon Compounds II-14
Carbon Crystallized from Gas-Fired Process II-14
Carbon: Serving the Requirements of Varied Industries II-15
Electrical Use of Carbon II-15
High-Performance Fibers II-15
Carbon Fibers II-15
Properties II-16
Used with Resins II-16
Production II-16
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-Based Carbon Fibers II-16
Oxidative stabilization II-16
Carbonization II-16
Graphitization II-16
Rayon-Based Carbon Fibers II-17
Production Stages II-17
Pitch-Based Carbon Fibers II-17
Production Stages II-17
Classification of Carbon Fibers II-18
Classification based on properties of carbon fiber: II-18
Classification based on precursor fiber materials: II-18
Classification based on heat treatment temperature: II-18
Applications of Carbon Fiber II-18
Emerging Applications of Pitch-Based Carbon Fibers II-19
PAN-Based Carbon Fiber: Steady End-Use Demand II-19
Carbon/Carbon Composites: A Part of Carbon Fiber II-19
Manufacturing Process II-19
Carbon/Carbon Composites Extended Applications II-19
Chemical Properties of Carbon/Carbon Composites II-20
Carbon Matrix Composites (CMC) II-20
End-Uses II-20
Ballistic Protection Cars II-20
Brake Discs II-21
Engineered Items II-21
Body Armour II-21
Merits of Automotive CMC II-21
Carbon & Graphite Brushes II-21
Carbon Brushes II-21
Carbon and Carbon-Graphite Brushes II-22
Electro-Graphitic Brushes II-22
Natural Graphite Brushes II-22
Properties and Applications of Brushes by Type II-22
Industry-Wide Applications of Carbon Products II-23
Carbon Black II-24
End-Use Markets II-24
Table 12: World Carbon Black Market (2006): Percentage
Share Breakdown of End-Use - Tires, Rubber Products,
Plastics, Ink, Paints & Coatings and Other Applications
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-24
Historic Perspective II-24
Types of Carbon Black II-25
Characterization of Carbon Black II-25
Graphite II-26
Physical Features II-26
Applications/Uses II-26
Graphite: One of the Three Forms of Carbon II-27
Open Pits and Underground Mines Sources of Graphite II-27
End-Use Applications of Graphite II-27
Energy Applications of Graphite II-27
Expandable Graphite Applications II-28
Classification of Graphite II-28
Impervious Carbon and Graphite II-29
Resin Impregnates Used in Impervious Graphite II-29
Applications of Impervious Graphite II-29
Artificial Graphite II-29
Beneficiation Process II-29
Fullerenes II-30
Advanced Synthetic Graphite Products II-30
Primary Products II-30
Machined Specialty Products II-30
Grades of Synthetic Graphite II-30
ATJ II-30
PGW and PGX II-31
CS and SLX II-31
Expandable or Flexible Graphite II-31
Application in Fire Retardants II-31
Natural Graphite II-31
End-uses of Graphite Specialties II-31
Table 13: World Specialty Graphite Market (2005):
Percentage Share Breakdown by End-Use Industry -
Semiconductor, Tool Manufacturing, Metals, High
Temperature Processes, Chemicals. Automotive and Others
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-31
Major Players II-32
Table 14: World Specialty Graphite Market (2004):
Percentage Share Breakdown of Annual Capacity by Major
Producer - Morgan Crucible, SGL Carbon, UCAR, and Others
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-32
Graphalloy Contacts II-32
Applications of Carbon & Graphite II-32
Unique Characteristics of Carbon-Graphite Composites II-34

5. Product Segment Analysis II-35
Carbon and Graphite Electrodes II-35
Carbon Electrodes II-35
Carbon Electrodes Applications II-35
Graphite Electrodes II-36
Table 15: Standard Properties of Graphite Electrodes (Values
taken at room temperature) II-36

Table 16: World Graphite Electrodes Market (2004):
Percentage Share Breakdown of Annual Capacity by Leading
Producers - SGL Carbon, UCAR (Graftech), Showa Denko Carbon
(SDKC), CGG and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-36
Graphite Electrodes Primarily Used in Steel Industry II-36
Electric Arc Furnace II-37
Application in Fuel Cells II-37
Basic Components of Fuel Cells Stack II-37
Table 17: World Fuel Cell Stack Market (2004): Percentage
Breakdown of Cost by Component - Bipolar Plates, Proton
Exchange Membrane, Catalyst, Gas Diffusion Layer, and
Gasket & Other Components (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-38
Grades of Graphite Electrodes II-38
Production Process of Graphite Electrodes II-38
Forming: II-39
Baking: II-39
Impregnation: II-39
Rebaking: II-39
Graphitizing: II-39
Machining: II-39
Other Carbon and Graphite Products II-39
C&G Automotive Brushes II-40
C&G Industrial Brushes and Contacts II-40
C&G Brush Plates II-40
C&G Fibers II-40
C&G Products for Electrical Uses II-40
C&G Products for Mechanical Uses II-40
Mechanical and Electrical Carbon and Graphite Product Clientele II-41
C&G Products for Aerospace Uses II-41

6. An Overview of End-Use Applications II-42
Carbon and Graphite: Varied Applications II-42
Industrial End Uses II-42
End Use Industries II-42
Refractories II-42
Special Refractories II-43
Semiconductor Industry II-43
Aluminum Extrusion and Casting II-43
Aluminum Production Scenario II-43
Aerospace Industry II-44
Industry Structure and Organization II-44
Aerobatics and Aircraft Design: A Brief Preview II-44
Chemical Industry II-45
Glass Industry II-45
Ferrous and Non Ferrous Foundries II-45
Nuclear Industry II-45
Fused Quartz, Silica and Borosilicate Glass Industry II-45
Electrical Rotating Machinery II-46
High Temperature Furnaces II-46
Heat Loss in Furnaces II-46
Machining Capabilities II-46
Sporting Goods Industry II-47
Carbon Fibers in In-line Skates II-47
Technology in Tennis II-47
Graphite Being Used to Manufacture Racquets II-47
Graphite Composites in Hockey Sticks II-47
New Sporting Products Using Carbon II-47
Two-Piece Golf Balls & Graphite Shafts II-48
Automotive Industry II-48
Increasing Globalization in the Auto Industry II-48
Environmental Friendly Vehicles: Future Generation Vehicles II-48
Rubber Industry II-48
Synthetic Rubber Types II-49
Steel Industry II-49
Iron and Steel II-49
Categorization of Steel Industry II-49
Primary Steel Producers: Target Volume Purchasers II-49
Intermediate Steel Producers: Serve as Outsource Processors II-50
Specialized Service Centers: Focus on Value-Added Products II-50
General Service Centers: Warehousers & Distributors II-50
Friction Materials II-50
Metal Forming II-50
Powder Metal II-50
Scenario In Steel Industry II-50
Carbon Steel II-51
Pencil Industry II-51
Trends in the Industry II-51
Blurring of Categories and Customers II-51
Writing and Marking Instruments: Key Segment in the Office
Supplies Market II-51
Characteristic Features of the Office Supplies Market: II-52
Multiple Choices II-52
Silicon Industry II-52
Submerged Arc Furnace II-52
Industrial Electrochemical Application II-52
Construction Industry II-52
Use in Concrete II-52
Lubricant Industry II-53
Diamond and Graphite: A Comparison II-53
Morphological Differences: II-53

7. Technological Developments II-54
Japanese Researchers Develop Carbon Brush with Metal Coating II-54
US Researchers Develop a Method to Grow Carbon Thin Films II-54
Japanese Researchers Develop Carbon Fiber II-54
German Researchers Develop Expandable Graphite Intercalation
Compounds Method II-54
US Researchers Develop Graphite Sheet Material II-54
US Researchers Develop Methods to Produce Graphite II-54
Japanese Researcher Develops Metal Graphite Brush II-55
Japanese Researchers Invent Process to Produce Artificial
Graphite II-55
University of Manchester Develops Carbon Nanosheets II-55
US Researchers Invent Graphite Composites II-56
SDK Develops VGCF-S II-56

8. Recent Industry Activity II-57
ACC Resources Enters into a Supply Agreement with IMI II-57
iCarbon to Divest its Graphite Assets II-57
Cabot Closes Carbon Black Production Plant in Virginia II-57
SGL Group to Expand Malaysian Site into a Fully Integrated
Graphitized Hub II-57
Cabot to Expand Carbon Black Production Capacity II-57
Mitsubishi Rayon Launches New Carbon Fiber PYROFIL Series II-57
SGL Group Enters into JV with Benteler II-58
SGL Group Acquires epo GmbH II-58
SGL Group to Establish New Carbon Fiber Manufacturing Plant
in Scotland II-58
Zoltek Signs Long-Term Carbon Fiber Agreement with DeWind II-58
Evonik Acquires Outstanding Stake in Degussa Engineered Carbons II-58
Columbian Chemicals Acquires Shandong Haihua II-58
Symmetry Holdings Acquires Novamerican Steel II-58
Ashmore Energy Acquires Additional Stake in Gas Transboliviano II-59
Siemens Water Technologies Acquires Envirotrol II-59
Woodside Capital Partners Acquires Assets of Hamilton Specialty II-59
Keystone Consolidated Industries Acquires CaluMetals II-59
Arrowhead Research Acquires Carbon Nanotechnologies II-59
SGL Carbon Acquires Stake in Carbon Fiber Technology II-59
SGL Inks Joint Venture Agreement with Shanxi Quanhai Graphite II-59
SGL Carbon to Increase Carbon Fiber Capacity II-59
SGL Carbon Bags Dreamliner Contract II-60
Nippon Carbon to Begin Mass Production of Large Graphite
Electrodes II-60
Toyo Tanso to Increase Isotropic Graphite Capacity II-60
SGL Carbon to Increase Capacity of Graphitized Cathode II-60
SGL Carbon to Start a New Distribution Centre II-60
Showa Denko to Increase Graphite Electrode Capacity II-60
SGL Carbon to Setup Plant in Malaysia II-60
TIMCAL Acquires Stake in Chinese Firm II-61
Tokai Carbon Buys Major Stake in CIP Group II-61
Ibiden Invests in Equipment Upgrade Project II-61
BPK Resources Acquires Graphite Technology Group II-61
Alcan Acquires Cathode Business from GrafTech II-61
iCarbon Corporation to Acquire Chenzhou Global Graphite II-61
SGL Carbon and Tokai Set Up Joint Venture in China II-62
Mast Carbon and PICA Form Alliance II-62
SGL Carbon and Sinyuan Form SSG Ningbo II-62
Korea Resources Forms Joint Venture with North Korean
Organization II-62
Toray and Boeing Sign a Deal II-63
BMP Gets Extension of Carbon Fibre Contract from Major Automaker II-63
Toho Tenax Increases Carbon Fibre Capacity of German Plantm II-63
Graphite India Expands its Production Capacity II-63
Dinur Sets up New Production Line for Corundum- Graphite II-63
Cabot Sets Up an Advanced Carbon Black Plant in Tianjin, China II-63
Columbian Chemicals Closes Carbon Black Plant II-64
Tokai Takes Over ERFTCARBON II-64
Enpar Technologies Acquires Intellectual Rights for Carbon
Electrodes Production II-64
Mountain Island Energy Teams Up with Industrial Commodity
Resources II-64
Carbone Lorraine Establishes a Joint Venture with Nippon Carbon II-64
Mitsubishi Rayon Enters into Collaboration with SGL Carbon II-64
Mitsubishi Rayon Signs Agreement with SGL II-65
Crystal Graphite Enters into Mineral Property Agreement II-65
Zoltek Signs Multiyear Agreement with TechFab, LLC II-65
Industrial Minerals Starts Production of Graphite at Ontario II-65
Hexcel Constructs New Carbon Fiber Plant in Europe II-66
Degussa Expands Carbon Black Capacity in China II-66
Carbone Lorraine Inaugurates Graphite Unit in China II-66
Showa Denko K.K Begins Production of 32-Inch Graphite Electrodes II-66
HEG Commissions Production at Graphite Plant II-66
Showa Denko Dissolves Carbon Black Joint Venture with CABOT II-67
Cabot Corp Closes Carbon Black Facility II-67
PBMR Selects SGL for Graphite Supply II-67
Calgon Acquires Waterlink Specialty Products II-67
Toray Signs an Agreement with Boeing Inc II-67
Zoltek Renews Partnership Agreement with BMW Group II-68
Zoltek Enters into Carbon Fiber Supply Agreement with Vestas
Wind Systems II-68
Graphite India Takes Over Conradty Group II-68
Toho Tenax Acquires US Carbon Fibre Business of Acordis II-68
Superior Graphite Forms Alliance With Illinois and Columbian
Chemicals II-68
HEG Signs a Contract with NISCO II-69
Toho Tenax Establishes a New Carbon Fibers Production Line in
Germany II-69
Cabot (China) and Bluestar New Chemical Materials Co. Enter
into a Joint Venture II-69
Cabot Corp. Expands Carbon Black Facility in Shanghai and
Forms Cabot (China) Ltd II-69
Hi-Tech Carbon Expands Carbon Black Capacity II-70

9. Focus on Select Players II-71
Cabot Corporation (US) II-71
Carbone Lorraine (France) II-71
Evonik Degussa GmbH (Germany) II-72
GrafTech International Ltd. (US) II-72
HEG Ltd. (India) II-73
Hexcel Corporation (US) II-74
Mitsubishi Rayon Co. Ltd. (Japan) II-74
GRAFIL Inc. (US) II-74
Morgan Crucible Company Plc (UK) II-74
Morgan Industrial Carbon (Australia) II-75
Nippon Carbon Co Ltd. (Japan) II-75
SGL Carbon (Germany) II-75
Showa Denko Carbon K.K (Japan) II-76
Showa Denko Carbon Inc. (US) II-76
Superior Graphite Co. (US) II-77
Toho Tenax Co., Ltd. (Japan) II-77
Toho Tenax America, Inc. (US) II-77
Tokai Carbon Co. Ltd. (Japan) II-77
Toray Industries Inc. (Japan) II-78
Zoltek Companies, Inc. (US) II-79

11. Global Market Perspective II-80
Table 18: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Carbon & Graphite by Geographic Region-US, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), South America, and
Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-80

Table 19: World Long-term Projections for Carbon & Graphite by
Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), South America, and Rest of World Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$
Million for Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-81

Table 20: World 10-Year Perspective for Carbon & Graphite by
Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for
US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan),
South America, and Rest of World Markets for Years 2003, 2008
and 2012 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-82

Table 21: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Carbon & Graphite Electrodes by Geographic Region- US, Canada,
Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), South America,
and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-83

Table 22: World Long-term Projections for Carbon & Graphite
Electrodes by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), South America, and Rest of
World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures
in US$ Million for Years 2011 through 2015 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-84

Table 23: World 10-Year Perspective for Carbon & Graphite
Electrodes by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Dollar Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), South America, and Rest of World Markets
for Years 2003, 2008 and 2012 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-85

Table 24: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Carbon & Graphite Electrodes by Product Segment- Carbon
Electrodes and Graphite Electrodes Independently Analyzed
with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000
through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-86

Table 25: World Long-term Projections for Carbon & Graphite
Electrodes by Product Segment- Carbon Electrodes and Graphite
Electrodes Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in
US$ Million for Years 2011 through 2015 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-86

Table 26: World 10-Year Perspective for Carbon & Graphite
Electrodes by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar
Sales for Carbon Electrodes and Graphite Electrodes Markets
for Years 2003, 2008 and 2012 II-87

Table 27: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Carbon Electrodes by Geographic Region- US, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), South America, and
Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-88

Table 28: World Long-term Projections for Carbon Electrodes by
Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), South America, and Rest of World Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$
Million for Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-89

Table 29: World 10-Year Perspective for Carbon Electrodes by
Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for
US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan),
South America, and Rest of World Markets for Years 2003, 2008
and 2012 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-90

Table 30: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Graphite Electrodes by Geographic Region- US, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), South America, and
Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-91

Table 31: World Long-term Projections for Graphite Electrodes
by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), South America, and Rest of World Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$
Million for Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-92

Table 32: World 10-Year Perspective for Graphite Electrodes by
Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for
US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan),
South America, and Rest of World Markets for Years 2003, 2008
and 2012 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-93

Table 33: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Other Carbon & Graphite Products by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan),South
America, and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for the Years 2000 through
2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-94

Table 34: World Long-term Projections for Other Carbon &
Graphite Products by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), South America, and
Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in US$ Million for Years 2011 through 2015(includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-95

Table 35: World 10-Year Perspective for Other Carbon &
Graphite Products by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown
of Dollar Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), South America, and Rest of World Markets
for Years 2003, 2008 and 2012 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-96

Table 36: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Other Carbon & Graphite Products by Product Segment - C&G
Automotive Brushes, C&G Industrial Brushes & Contacts, C&G
Brush Plates, C&G Fibers, C&G Products for Electrical Uses,
C&G Products for Mechanical Uses, C&G Products for Aerospace
Uses, and C&G Products for Other Uses Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years
2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-97

Table 37: World Long-term Projections for Other Carbon &
Graphite Products by Product Segment - C&G Automotive Brushes,
C&G Industrial Brushes & Contacts, C&G Brush Plates, C&G
Fibers, C&G Products for Electrical Uses, C&G Products for
Mechanical Uses, C&G Products for Aerospace Uses, and C&G
Products for Other Uses Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2011 through
2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-98

Table 38: World 10-Year Perspective for Other Carbon &
Graphite Products by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of
Dollar Sales for C&G Automotive Brushes, C&G Industrial
Brushes & Contacts, C&G Brush Plates, C&G Fibers, C&G Products
for Electrical Uses, C&G Products for Mechanical Uses, C&G
Products for Aerospace Uses, and C&G Products for Other Uses
Markets for Years 2003, 2008 and 2012 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-99

Table 39: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for C&G
Automotive Brushes by Geographic Region- US, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), South America, and
Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in US$ Million for the Years 2000 through 2010
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-100

Table 40: World Long-term Projections for C&G Automotive
Brushes by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), South America, and Rest of
World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures
in US$ Million for Years 2011 through 2015 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-101

Table 41: World 10-Year Perspective for C&G Automotive Brushes
by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales
for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan),
South America, and Rest of World Markets for Years 2003, 2008
and 2012 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-102

Table 42: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for C&G
Industrial Brushes & Contacts by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), South
America, and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for the Years 2000 through
2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-103

Table 43: World Long-term Projections for C&G Industrial
Brushes & Contacts by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), South America, and
Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in US$ Million for Years 2011 through 2015 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-104

Table 44: World 10-Year Perspective for C&G Industrial Brushes
& Contacts by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Dollar Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), South America, and Rest of World Markets
for Years 2003, 2008 and 2012 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-105

Table 45: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for C&G
Brush Plates by Geographic Region- US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), South America, and Rest of
World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-106

Table 46: World Long-term Projections for C&G Brush Plates by
Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), South America, and Rest of World Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$
Million for Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-107

Table 47: World 10-Year Perspective for C&G Brush Plates by
Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for
US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan),
South America, and Rest of World Markets for Years 2003, 2008
and 2012 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-108

Table 48: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for C&G
Fibers by Geographic Region- US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), South America, and Rest of
World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures
in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart)7 II-109

Table 49: World Long-term Projections for C&G Fibers by
Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), South America, and Rest of World Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$
Million for Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-110

Table 50: World 10-Year Perspective for C&G Fibers by
Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for
US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan),
South America, and Rest of World Markets for Years 2003,
2008 and 2012 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-111

Table 51: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for C&G
Products for Electrical Uses by Geographic Region-US, Canada,
Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), South America,
and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-112

Table 52: World Long-term Projections for C&G Products for
Electrical Uses by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), South America, and
Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in US$ Million for Years 2011 through 2015 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-113

Table 53: World 10-Year Perspective for C&G Products for
Electrical Uses by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Dollar Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), South America, and Rest of World Markets
for Years 2003, 2008 and 2012 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-114

Table 54: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for C&G
Products for Mechanical Uses by Geographic Region- US, Canada,
Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), South America,
and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-115

Table 55: World Long-term Projections for C&G Products for
Mechanical Uses by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), South America, and
Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in US$ Million for Years 2011 through 2015 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-116

Table 56: World 10-Year Perspective for C&G Products for
Mechanical Uses by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Dollar Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), South America, and Rest of World Markets
for Years 2003, 2008 and 2012 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-117

Table 57: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for C&G
Products for Aerospace Uses by Geographic Region- US, Canada,
Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), South America,
and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in US$ Million for the Years 2000 through 2010
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-118

Table 58: World Long-term Projections for C&G Products for
Aerospace Uses by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), South America, and
Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in US$ Million for Years 2011 through 2015 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-119

Table 59: World 10-Year Perspective for C&G Products for
Aerospace Uses by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Dollar Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), South America, and Rest of World Markets
for Years 2003, 2008 and 2012 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-120

Table 60: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for C&G
Products for Other Uses by Geographic Region- US, Canada,
Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), South America,
and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2000 through 2010
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-121

Table 61: World Long-term Projections for C&G Products for
Other Uses by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), South America, and Rest of
World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in US$ Million for Years 2011 through 2015 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-122

Table 62: World 10-Year Perspective for C&G Products for Other
Uses by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar
Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding
Japan), South America, and Rest of World Markets for Years
2003, 2008 and 2012 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-123


III. MARKET

1. The United States III-1
A.Market Analysis III-1
Market Outlook III-1
Graphite Overview III-1
Natural Graphite Consumption III-1
Table 63: Consumption of Natural Graphite in US
(2000-2005) (Volume in Metric Tons; Value in US$
Thousands) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-2
Graphite Trade III-2
Table 64: Imports and Exports Volume of Natural Graphite
in US (2000-2005) (In Metric Tons) (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-2

Table 65: Imports and Exports Value of Natural Graphite in
US (2000-2005) (In US$ Thousands) (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-3
Exports of Natural and Synthetic Graphite III-3
Table 66: Natural and Synthetic Graphite Market in US
(2004 & 2005): Exports by Country - France, Canada, Japan,
United Kingdom, Republic of Korea, China, Mexico, Brazil,
Hong Kong, Netherlands, Taiwan and Others (Volume in
Metric Tons; Value in US$ Thousands) (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-3

Table 67: Natural Graphite Market in US (2004 & 2005):
Exports by Country - United Kingdom, Japan, Hong Kong,
Canada, Mexico, Republic of Korea, Taiwan, Brazil,
Netherlands, China, France and Others (Volume in Metric
Tons; Value in US$ Thousands) III-4

Table 68: Synthetic Graphite Market in US (2004 & 2005):
Exports by Country - France, Canada, Japan, Republic of
Korea, China, Mexico, Brazil, United Kingdom, Netherlands,
Taiwan, Hong Kong and Others (Volume in Metric Tons; Value
in US$ Thousands) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-4
Imports of Natural Graphite III-5
Table 69: Natural Graphite Market in US (2004 & 2005):
Imports by Country - China, Canada, Brazil, Mexico, Sri
Lanka, Japan, Madagascar, United Kingdom, Germany, India
and Others (Volume in Metric Tons; Value in US$
Thousands) III-5

Table 70: Crystalline Flake and Flake Dust Graphite Market
in US (2004 & 2005): Imports by Country - China, Canada,
Brazil, Madagascar, Mexico, India, Germany, United Kingdom
and Others (Volume in Metric Tons; Value in US$
Thousands) III-5

Table 71: Amorphous Graphite Market in US (2004 & 2005):
Imports by Country -China, Japan and Mexico (Volume in
Metric Tons; Value in US$ Thousands) III-5

Table 72: Other Natural Crude; High-Purity; Expandable
Graphite Market in US (2004 & 2005): Imports by Country -
Canada, Japan, United Kingdom, China, Germany, Brazil and
Others (Volume in Metric Tons; Value in US$ Thousands) III-6

Table 73: Graphite Electrodes Market in US (2004 & 2005):
Imports by Country -Mexico, Japan, China, Canada, Germany,
Brazil and Others (Volume in Metric Tons; Value in US$
Thousands) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-6
End Uses III-6
Market Trends III-7
Graphite Prices III-8
Technological Developments in Graphite III-8
Graphite Refractory in the US III-8
Table 74: Natural Graphite Market in the US (2005):
Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales by End-Use -
Steelmaking, Refractories, Brake linings, Foundries,
Rubber, Powdered metals and Others (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-9

Table 75: US Market for Synthetic Graphite Applications
(2004 & 2005): Percentage Share Breakdown of Value
Shipments by End-Use - Electrodes, Cloth and Fibers,
High-Modulus Fibers, Unmachined Graphite Shapes and
Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-9

Table 76: US Consumption of Crystalline and Amorphous
(2005): Percentage Share Breakdown of Value Sales by
End-Use Application - Brake linings, Refractories,
Foundries, Rubber, Powdered Metals and Others (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-10
Carbon and Graphite in Battery and Fuel Cell Materials Market III-10
Overview of Carbon Black Market III-11
Table 77: Carbon Black Market in the US: Demand Trends
2004-2006(In Million Metric Tons) (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-11
Market for Activated Carbon III-11
Trends in Activated Carbon III-11
Table 78: Potential Market Demand for US Activated Carbon
By Application: 2006 III-12
Imports Scenario III-12
Table 79: Activated Carbon Market in US (2004): Percentage
Breakdown of Imports by Country - Philippines, Sri Lanka,
India, Indonesia, Thailand and Others (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-12
GAC Vs PAC III-13
Table 80: Activated Carbon Market in the US (2004): Annual
Capacity Utilization of Select Major Players - Calgon
Carbon, Norit Americas and MeadWestvaco (Capacity in
million pounds) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-13
Applications III-13
Liquid Phase Uses III-13
Gas Phase Applications III-14
Table 81: US Market for Activated Carbon (2004):
Percentage Share Breakdown by End-Use Applications -
Liquid Phase Application and Gas Phase Application
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-14
Strengths III-15
Weaknesses III-15
Potential III-15
Table 82: Raw Steel and Carbon Production in the US
(2004): Breakup by Furnace Kind - Basic Oxygen Process,
Electric, Total Raw Steel and Previous Year Strand and
Pressure Casting. (Production in Net Tons) (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-15
Structural Carbons Market III-16
Snapshots III-16
US Carbon Fiber Market III-16
Consumption and Trade III-16
Table 83: US Carbon Fiber Market (2005): Consumption in
Metric Tons by End-Use Application for Aerospace,
Industrial and Sports Materials (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-16

Table 84: Carbon Fiber Trade in US (2003 & 2004) (In
Metric Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-17
Production Capacity III-17
Table 85: US PAN-Based (£24K) Carbon Fiber (2004):
Percentage Share Breakdown of Annual Capacity by Leading
Players - Hexcel, Cytec, Toray Carbon Fibers and Grafil
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-17

Table 86: US PAN-Based (>24K) Carbon Fiber (2004):
Percentage Share Breakdown of Annual Capacity by Leading
Players - Toho Carbon Fibers, Carbon Fiber Technology,
Zoltek and Ballard Material Products (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-18
Lucrative Prospects for PAN Carbon Fiber in Defense and
Aerospace Applications III-18
Cytec and Hexcel - Rule the Roost III-18
Technological Development and Launches III-19
Strategic Corporate Developments III-20
Select Players III-23
Cabot Corporation III-23
GRAFIL Inc III-24
GrafTech International Ltd III-24
Hexcel Corporation III-25
Showa Denko Carbon Inc III-25
Superior Graphite Co III-26
Toho Tenax America, Inc III-26
Zoltek Companies, Inc III-26
B.Market Analytics III-27
Table 87: US Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Carbon & Graphite by Product Category/Segment - Carbon &
Graphite Electrodes (Carbon Electrodes, and Graphite
Electrodes), and Other Carbon & Graphite Products (C&G
Automotive Brushes, C&G Industrial Brushes & Contacts, C&G
Brush Plates, C&G Fibers, C&G Products for Electrical
Uses, C&G Products for Mechanical Uses, C&G Products for
Aerospace Uses, and C&G Products for Other Uses) Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$
Million for Years 2000 through 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-27

Table 88: US Long-term Projections for Carbon & Graphite by
Product Category/Segment - Carbon & Graphite Electrodes
(Carbon Electrodes, and Graphite Electrodes), and Other
Carbon & Graphite Products (C&G Automotive Brushes,C&G
Industrial Brushes & Contacts, C&G Brush Plates, C&G Fibers,
C&G Products for Electrical Uses, C&G Products for
Mechanical Uses, C&G Products for Aerospace Uses, and C&G
Products for Other Uses) Markets Independently Analyzed
with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2011
through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-28

Table 89: US 10-Year Perspective for Carbon & Graphite by
Product Category/Segment- Percentage Breakdown of Dollar
Sales for Carbon & Graphite Electrodes (Carbon Electrodes,
and Graphite Electrodes), and Other Carbon & Graphite
Products (C&G Automotive Brushes, C&G Industrial Brushes &
Contacts, C&G Brush Plates, C&G Fibers, C&G Products for
Electrical Uses, C&G Products for Mechanical Uses, C&G
Products for Aerospace Uses, and C&G Products for Other
Uses) Markets for Years2003, 2008 and 2012 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-29

2. Canada III-30
A.Market Analysis III-30
Market Outlook III-30
Graphite Market in Canada III-30
Graphite Production III-30
Table 90: Natural Graphite Production in Canada
(2000-2005) (In Metric Tons) (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-31
Graphite Consumption III-31
Graphite Trade III-31
Rise of Carbon Fiber in North America III-31
Threat from Aluminum