Global High Performance Alloys Industry

• Publication date: October 2012
• Report size: 699 pages

This report analyzes the worldwide markets for High Performance Alloys in Metric Tons by the following Product Segments: Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, & Zirconium), Refractory Metal Alloys (Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, & Tantalum), Platinum Group Metals (Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, & Iridium), and Special Alloys & Superalloys. The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the US, Canada, Japan, Eur...

This report analyzes the worldwide markets for High Performance Alloys in Metric Tons by the following Product Segments: Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, & Zirconium), Refractory Metal Alloys (Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, & Tantalum), Platinum Group Metals (Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, & Iridium), and Special Alloys & Superalloys. The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East & Africa, and Latin America. Annual estimates and forecasts are provided for the period 2010 through 2018. A six-year historic analysis is also provided for these markets. The report profiles 236 companies including many key and niche players such as Advanced Metallurgical Group N.V., KB Alloys LLC, African Rainbow Minerals Limited, Alcoa Inc., Alcoa Howmet Castings, Allegheny Technologies Incorporated, ATI Allvac Incorporated, Areva Group, BASF Catalysts LLC, Carpenter Technology Corporation, Group of Companies Precious Metals Of Urals, Eramet Group, Haynes Internationa, Inc., H.C. Starck GmbH, High Performance Alloys, Inc., Luxfer Group, Magnesium Elektron Incorporated, Olin Brass Corporation, MAGONTEC Limited, Precision Castparts Corp., Special Metals Corporation, Rio Tinto Alcan, Rolled Alloys Inc., United Company RUSAL Plc, ThyssenKrupp VDM GmbH, Titanium Metals Corporation, W.C. Heraeus GmbH & Co KG, and Xstrata Alloys. Market data and analytics are derived from primary and secondary research. Company profiles are primarily based upon search engine sources in the public domain.

Metal And Mineral Industry in Asia

I. INTRODUCTION, METHODOLOGY & PRODUCT DEFINITIONS
Study Reliability and Reporting Limitations I-1
Disclaimers I-2
Data Interpretation & Reporting Level I-2
Quantitative Techniques & Analytics I-3
Product Definitions and Scope of Study I-3
Non-Ferrous Alloys I-4
Refractory Metal Alloys I-4
Platinum Group Metals (PGM) I-4
Special Alloys & Superalloys I-4


II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. INDUSTRY OVERVIEW II-1
A Primer II-1
Nonferrous Alloys: Largest High Performance Alloy Segment II-1
Impact of the 2007-2009 Economic Recession In Retrospect II-2
Impact of Europe’s Debt Crisis: A Review II-2
Current State of the Euro Crisis II-2
Implications for the Market II-3
Improving Production Techniques II-3
Quest for Enhanced Performance and Durability II-3
Developments Galore II-3
Development of HPA for Gas Turbine Optimizes Mechanical
Properties II-4
Noteworthy Trends, Growth Drivers & Issues II-4
Escalating Demand from Domestic and Leisure Applications II-4
Growing Need for Corrosion Resistant Alloys II-4
Surging Demand for Lightweight Alloys in Domestic Appliances
& Transportation Sector II-5
Growing Interest in Metal Alloy Substitutes II-5
Metal Honeycomb Catalyst Support Grows Popular II-6
Industry Issues II-6
Recycling - An Industry Norm II-6
Global Economy Issues II-6
Changing Face of Power Generation II-6
Deregulation Ploughs in the Potential II-6
Pursuit for a Cleaner Globe II-7
IP and Patent Issues II-7
Regulatory Issues II-7
Production Technology & Efficiency Improvements II-7
High Industry Standards II-8
Suppliers Have the Upper Hand II-8
Distribution II-8
User Guidelines II-8

2. REVIEW OF PRODUCT MARKETS II-9
Non-Ferrous Alloy Metals II-9
Aluminum II-9
US and Western European Aluminum Smelters Scurry to Invest
in Low Cost Regions II-9
Key Statistics II-10
Table 1: Global Alumina Market (2011): Percentage Market
Share Breakdown of Leading Alumina Refining Companies
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-10

Table 2: Global Rolled Aluminum Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Volume Sales by Region (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-11

Table 3: Global Aluminum Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Consumption by Region/Country (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-11

Table 4: Global Aluminum Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Volume Production by Country (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-11
Magnesium II-12
Table 5: Major Magnesium Sources and Concentrations
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-12
Regulatory Forces Drive Demand for Magnesium based Alloys in
the Automotive Market II-13
Cheaper Chinese and CIS Imports Wreak Havoc on Western
Magnesium Producers II-13
Recycling Trend II-13
Improvement in Secondary Magnesium Market II-13
Magnesium Prices Likely to Spiral II-13
Sustained, Healthy Growth to Continue II-14
Titanium II-14
Table 6: Global Titanium Market (2011): Percentage Breakdown
of Volume Consumption by End-Use Sector (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-15
Magnesium and Titanium II-15
Zirconium II-15
General & Chemical Properties II-15
Zirconium Dioxide Use to Grow by a Satisfactory Margin II-16
Refractory Metals Alloy Metals II-16
Molybdenum II-17
Market Overview II-17
Molybdenum Use Rising in Unconventional Applications II-18
Table 7: Global Molybdenum Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Consumption by Product Markets (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-18

Table 8: Global Molybdenum Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Consumption by End-User Industries (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-19

Table 9: Global Molybdenum Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Total Molybdenum Availability by Source
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-19
Tungsten II-19
Table 10: Global Tungsten Concentrate Market (2011):
Percentage Breakdown of Production Volume by Country
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-20
Niobium (or) Columbium II-20
Tantalum II-20
Global Tantalum Demand to Increase in Near Future II-20
Mine Production - Global Review II-21
Platinum Group Metals II-21
PGM - Increasing Levels of Oversupply II-22
Platinum - A Special Focus II-22
Table 11: Global Platinum Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Volume Consumption by End-Use Sector (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-22

Table 12: Global Platinum Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Volume Production by Region/Country (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-23

Table 13: Global Palladium Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Consumption by End-Use Sector (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-23

Table 14: Global Palladium Market (2011): Percentage
Breakdown of Production By Region/Country (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-23

Table 15: Global Palladium Market (2011): Percentage Market
Share Breakdown by Leading Players (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-24

Table 16: Global Rhodium Market (2011): Percentage Breakdown
of Volume Consumption by End-User Sectors (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-24

Table 17: Global Rhodium Market (2011): Percentage Breakdown
of Volume Production by Region/Country (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-24
Super alloys II-25
Super alloys and Special Alloys - Production Perspective II-25
Niobium in Various Hues in the Super alloys Industry II-26
Nickel - Production Scenario II-26
Other Statistical Findings II-26
Table 18: Global Zircon Market (2011): Percentage Breakdown
of Volume Sales by End-Use Sector (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-26

3. PRODUCT OVERVIEW II-27
Definition of High Performance Alloy II-27
Standard Alloy vis-à-vis High Performance Alloy II-27
Properties of High Performance Alloys II-27
The Performer in High Temperature and Pressure II-27
High Temperature Resistance II-27
Low Density and High Strength Properties II-28
Table 19: Select Properties of High Performance Metals II-28
Types of High Performance Alloys II-28
Non-Ferrous Alloys II-29
Aluminum II-29
Aluminum Alloys - Properties II-29
Magnesium II-30
Common Elements Used in Magnesium Alloys II-31
Key Magnesium Alloys II-31
Table 20: Physical and Chemical Properties of Magnesium
Casing Material by Alloy Type - AM60 and AZ91 II-32

Table 21: Global Rare Earth Minerals Market (2011):
Percentage Breakdown of Consumption by End-User Sectors
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-32
Titanium II-33
Zirconium II-33
Properties of Zirconium II-34
Zirconium Alloys II-34
Hydrogen Content II-34
Zirconium Tungstate II-34
PSZ Ceramic Material II-34
ZAG Compounds II-34
Refractory Metals II-35
Molybdenum II-35
Tungsten II-35
Major Tungsten Intermediate Products II-36
Ammonium Paratungstate (APT) II-36
Ferrotungsten II-36
Tungsten Metal Powder II-36
Tungsten Carbide (WC) II-36
Alloys of Tungsten II-36
Columbium (or Niobium) II-37
Tantalum II-38
Chemical and Physical Properties of the Metal II-38
Distinct Properties of Tantalum II-39
Corrosion Resistance II-39
Good Thermal Conductivity II-39
Superior Dielectric Properties II-39
Toughness, Durability and, Ductility II-39
High Melting Point II-39
Alloys of Tantalum II-39
Chromium II-39
Platinum Group Metals II-40
Table 22: Select Alloys in the PGM Category with Properties
and Application II-40
Current and Emerging Applications II-40
Platinum II-41
Properties of Platinum II-41
Characteristics of Platinum II-41
Palladium II-42
Rhodium II-42
Ruthenium II-42
Iridium II-42
Osmium II-42
Special Alloys & Super Alloys II-42
Super Alloy Types II-43
Nickel-based Alloys II-43
Nickel II-43
Nickel & Nickel Alloys - Properties & Applications II-44
Table 23: Physical and Chemical Properties of Nickel II-44
Types & Uses of Nickel Alloys II-44
Nickel and Nickel Based Alloys and Super alloys in Greater
Detail II-45
Cobalt-based Alloys II-48
Table 24: Global Cobalt Market (2011): Percentage Breakdown
of Production Volume by Country (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-48
Iron-based Alloys II-48

4. END-USE APPLICATION ANALYSIS II-49
High Performance Alloys - Application Chart for Non-Ferrous
Alloys, Refractory Metal Alloys, PGM, and Super alloys II-49
An Overview of End-Use Application Areas II-50
Transportation Applications II-50
Aerospace Industry II-51
Aircraft Industry II-51
Shipbuilding Industry II-51
Passenger Vehicles II-52
Industrial Applications II-52
Chemical Processing Industry II-52
Glass Making Industry II-52
Other Industrial Applications II-53
Power Generation & Supply II-53
Nuclear Power Generation Industry II-53
Medical Applications II-53
Domestic and Leisure Applications II-54
Military Applications II-54
Application Trends By Alloy Type II-55
Non-Ferrous Alloys II-55
Application Chart for Non-Ferrous Alloys - Aluminum,
Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium II-55
Technological Improvements Bring in New Applications II-57
Use of Aluminum as Remelt Increases at Higher Rates II-57
Aluminum Casting Alloys II-57
Magnesium Containing Aluminum Alloys Used in Three
Principal Industries II-58
Magnesium Alloys in for Greater Usage II-58
Titanium Sees Potential in Aircraft and Leisure Uses II-58
Titanium & Titanium Alloys - Not Restricted to Aerospace
Any More II-58
Zirconium Consumption II-59
Commercialization of SOFC and Nanotechnology to Boost
Zirconium Demand II-59
Applications of Tantalum in Alloys II-59
Table 25: World Tantalum Market by End-Use Segment (2011):
Percentage Breakdown of Volume Consumption for Electronics,
Mill Products, Metal Cutting, Super Alloys and Chemicals
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-59
Electronic and Other Uses of Tantalum II-60
Tantalum Demand Tied to the Fate of Electronics and
Aerospace Industries II-60
Other Applications of Tantalum Rekindle Potential II-60
Tantalum - A Basic Component in Polycrystalline Alloys II-60
Tantalum is a Vital Component in Nickel Based Super alloys II-60
Alloy Additive II-61
Niobium-based Alloys II-61
Table 26: World Columbium (Niobium) Market (2011):
Percentage Share Breakdown by End Use Application - Carbon
Steels, Super alloys, High Strength Low Alloy Steel,
Stainless and Heat Resisting Steel, Alloy Steels, and
Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-61
Niobium Nibbles at The Tantalum Market II-62
Platinum Group Metals II-62
Applications Chart of Platinum Group Metals II-62
Automotive Industry Drives Platinum Demand II-63
Catalytic Converters Fuels Platinum Consumption II-63
Platinum Dazzling in Jewelry Sector II-63
Platinum in Fuel Cells II-63
High Cost of Platinum Seen Delaying Fuel-Cell Use II-63
Soaring Prices Dwindle Demand for Palladium II-64
Demand for Ruthenium in Automotive Industry II-64
Demand for Ruthenium Plunges II-64
Table 27: World Ruthenium Market by Application Area
(2011): Percentage Share Breakdown of Volume Consumption
for Electronics, Electrochemical, Chemicals, and Others
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-64
Iridium Witnesses Demand Slide II-65
Table 28: World Iridium Market by Application Area (2011):
Percentage Share Breakdown of Volume Consumption for
Electronics, Electrochemical, Chemicals, and Others
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-65
Super alloys and Specialty Alloys II-65
Application Chart for Super alloys (Cobalt-based, Iron-
based, and Nickel-based) II-65
Across the Board Demand Growth for Super alloys II-66
Power Sector Spurs Potential for Highly Alloyed Cast Nickel
-Based Super alloys II-67

5. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTS/ INTRODUCTIONS II-68
ECS Launches Super Alloy Chokes II-68
Haynes International Develops HAYNES® 244™ Alloy II-68
Carpenter Technology Introduces TEMPER TOUGH Alloy II-68

6. PRODUCT LAUNCHES/INNOVATIONS IN THE RECENT PAST- A PERSPECTIVE
BUILDER II-69
Allegheny Technologies to Introduce ATI 425® Titanium Alloy II-69
H.C.Starck Unveils Corrosion Resistant Tantalum Alloy II-69

7. RECENT INDUSTRY ACTIVITY II-70
IBC Inks Exclusive Supply Agreement II-70
Aleris Takes Over Cast House of Voerde Aluminum II-70
Oxford Alloys Asia Pacific Announces Opening of New Unit in
Singapore II-70
Treadstone Sells Controlling Stake in Advanced Joining
Technologies II-70
Harsco Inks Environmental Solutions Contract with Metkore
Alloys & Industries II-71
Nikkei MC Aluminium Enters Joint Venture with Century Metal
Recycling II-71
Alcoa Inks a Supply Agreement with Airbus II-71
Indian Metals & Ferro Alloys to Build a Density Aggregates Plant II-71
Kobe Steel Inks a Technology Agreement with Sapa II-71
Magontec Enters into Equity JV with Dongfang Resources II-72
UMG, BAIC and JAMG Enter Into a JV Agreement II-72
China Power Investment and Alcoa to Launch Alcoa CPI (China)
Aluminum Investment II-73
Reliance Steel Acquires National Specialty Alloys II-73
ThyssenKrupp Merges Stainless Steel Unit with Outokumpu II-73
Chongging West Aluminum to Set Up Magnesium- Alloy Project in
Nanchuan II-74
ThyssenKrupp and Julich Research Center Jointly Develop Crofer
22 H II-74
Powdermet Forms Joint Venture with Oshkosh, Eck and University
of Wisconsin for Aluminum Alloys II-74
Liquidmetal Expands Collaboration with Materion Brush II-75
MIT Engineers Design Nano-crystalline Tungsten- Titanium Alloys II-75
Taiyuan Iron & Steel and CAS Yangzhou Center Collaborate for
Magnesium Products II-76
Boston Scientific Launches PROMUS Element™ Platinum Chromium
Stent System in Japanese Market II-76
Jilin Jien Nickel Industry to Acquire Goldbrook Ventures II-76
Kennametal to Acquire Deloro Stellite Group II-77
EEJA to Begin Supply of PALLADEX PC200 Palladium-Cobalt Alloy
Plating Solution II-77
Embraer and Alcoa Enter into Technology Sharing Deal II-77
AML to Take Over Varomet Holdings II-78
Platte River Ventures Acquires Sierra Alloys II-78
Garb Oil & Power Enters into Joint Venture II-78
Xiamen Tungsten to Enter into Joint Venture with China
Minmetals Non-ferrous Metals II-79
Alcoa Ink MoU with VSMPO-AVISMA II-79
H.C. Starck to Enter into Joint Venture with Jiangxi Rare
Metals Tungsten Holding Group II-79
H.C. Starck Group Ink Agreement with CIF Mineracao II-79
Cabot to Divest Supermetals Division to Global Advanced Metals II-80
Carpenter Technology Takes Over Oilfield Alloys II-80
Carpenter Technology to Acquire Latrobe Specialty Metals II-80
Allegheny Technologies Acquires Ladish II-80
Kaymin Resources Acquires Stake in Joint Venture from Anglo
Platinum II-81
AMG Advanced Metallurgical Group Acquires KB Alloys II-81
Monomoy Capital Partners Sells SRC to Stelaris Capital and
Buckingham Capital II-81
Aleris to Establish Specialized Casting Unit II-81
Bechtel Mining & Metals Continues as Lead Consultant for Twin
Metals Project of Twin Metals Minnesota II-82
Shandong Innovation Group Enters into Agreement with Holingol
and Tongliao City Governments II-82

8. CORPORATE ACTIVITY IN THE RECENT PAST - A PERSPECTIVE BUILDER II-83
United Co. RUSAL to Acquire Interest in Shenzhen North Investment II-83
Beck Aluminum Acquires Assets of Met-Al II-83
Universal Stainless & Alloy Products and VSMPO Enter into
Agreement II-83
Aleris International and China Zhenjiang Dingsheng Aluminum
Enter into Agreement II-83
IBC Advanced Alloys and Swissmetal Industries Ink MoU II-83
Daiki Aluminium Industry to Enter Into Joint Venture with O.M.
Mfg. Philippines II-84
Carpenter Technology Extends Dynamet Titanium Unit II-84
Rio Tinto Alcan to Expand Lightweight Aluminum- Lithium Alloy
Production II-84
Rio Tinto Alcan Inks Contracts with Bombardier and Airbus SAS II-84
IBC Agrees to Acquire Beralcast II-85
Allegheny Technologies Signs Two Multi-Year Supply Deals II-85
Tantaline’s Tantalum Surface Alloy Material Receives Approval
of FDA II-86
KB Alloys Expands Kentucky Facility II-86
NFC Signs Zirconium Supply Deals with GE Companies II-86
Allegheny Technologies Inks Long-Term Deal with Rolls-Royce II-87
Alcoa Agrees to Acquire Intellectual Property of Noble II-87
ERAMET Acquires 56% Stake in Tinfos II-87
Chinese Metals Corporations Seek Cooperation in Titanium
Production with Ukrainian Counterparts II-87

9. FOCUS ON SELECT GLOBAL PLAYERS II-89
Advanced Metallurgical Group N.V. (The Netherlands) II-89
KB Alloys LLC (USA) II-89
African Rainbow Minerals Limited (South Africa) II-89
Alcoa Inc (USA) II-89
Alcoa Howmet Castings (US) II-90
Allegheny Technologies Incorporated (US) II-90
ATI Allvac Incorporated (US) II-90
Areva Group (France) II-91
BASF Catalysts LLC (US) II-91
Carpenter Technology Corporation (US) II-91
Group of Companies Precious Metals Of Urals (Russia) II-91
Eramet Group (France) II-92
Haynes International Inc (US) II-92
H.C. Starck GmbH (Germany) II-92
High Performance Alloys Inc (US) II-92
Luxfer Group (US) II-93
Magnesium Elektron Incorporated (UK) II-93
Olin Brass Corporation (US) II-93
MAGONTEC Limited (Australia) II-94
Precision Castparts Corp.(US) II-94
Special Metals Corporation (US) II-94
Rio Tinto Alcan (Canada) II-94
Rolled Alloys Inc (US) II-95
United Company RUSAL Plc (Russia) II-95
ThyssenKrupp VDM GmbH (Germany) II-95
Titanium Metals Corporation (TIMET) (US) II-96
W.C. Heraeus GmbH & Co KG (Germany) II-96
Xstrata Alloys (Switzerland) II-96

10. GLOBAL MARKET PERSPECTIVE II-97
Table 29: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
High Performance Alloys by Geographic Region - US, Canada,
Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East &
Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through
2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-97

Table 30: World Historic Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-98

Table 31: World 15-Year Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume
Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding
Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American Markets for
Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-99
High Performance Alloys Market by Product Group/Segment II-100
Table 32: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Non-Ferrous Alloys by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa,
and Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through 2018
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-100

Table 33: World Historic Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys by
Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and Latin American
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in
Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-101

Table 34: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Non-Ferrous Alloys by Product Segment - Aluminum, Magnesium,
Titanium, and Zirconium Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through
2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-102

Table 35: World Historic Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys by
Product Segment - Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in
Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-103

Table 36: World 15-Year Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys by
Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for
US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan),
Middle East & Africa and Latin American Markets for Years
2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-104

Table 37: World 15-Year Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys by
Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for
Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium Markets for Years
2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-105

Table 38: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-106

Table 39: World Historic Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Aluminum) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-107

Table 40: World 15-Year Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Aluminum) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-108

Table 41: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Non-Ferrous Alloys (Magnesium) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-109

Table 42: World Historic Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Magnesium) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-110

Table 43: World 15-Year Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Magnesium) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-111

Table 44: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Non-Ferrous Alloys (Titanium) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-112

Table 45: World Historic Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Titanium) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-113

Table 46: World 15-Year Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Titanium) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-114

Table 47: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Non-Ferrous Alloys (Zirconium) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-115

Table 48: World Historic Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Zirconium) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-116

Table 49: World 15-Year Perspective for Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Zirconium) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-117

Table 50: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Refractory Metals by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan,
Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa,
and Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through 2018
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-118

Table 51: World Historic Perspective for Refractory Metals by
Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and Latin American
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in
Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-119

Table 52: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Refractory Metals by Product Segment - Molybdenum, Tungsten,
Columbium, and Tantalum Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through
2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-120

Table 53: World Historic Perspective for Refractory Metals by
Product Segment - Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and
Tantalum Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-121

Table 54: World 15-Year Perspective for Refractory Metals by
Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for
US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan),
Middle East & Africa and Latin American Markets for Years
2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-122

Table 55: World 15-Year Perspective for Refractory Metals by
Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for
Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum Markets for
Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-123

Table 56: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-124

Table 57: World Historic Perspective for Refractory Metals
(Molybdenum) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-125

Table 58: World 15-Year Perspective for Refractory Metals
(Molybdenum) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia- Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-126

Table 59: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Refractory Metals (Tungsten) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-127

Table 60: World Historic Perspective for Refractory Metals
(Tungsten) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-128

Table 61: World 15-Year Perspective for Refractory Metals
(Tungsten) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-129

Table 62: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Refractory Metals (Columbium) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-130

Table 63: World Historic Perspective for Refractory Metals
(Columbium) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-131

Table 64: World 15-Year Perspective for Refractory Metals
(Columbium) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-132

Table 65: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Refractory Metals (Tantalum) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-133

Table 66: World Historic Perspective for Refractory Metals
(Tantalum) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-134

Table 67: World 15-Year Perspective for Refractory Metals
(Tantalum) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-135

Table 68: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Platinum Group Metals by Geographic Region - US, Canada,
Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East &
Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through
2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-136

Table 69: World Historic Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and Latin American
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in
Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-137

Table 70: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Platinum Group Metals by Product Segment - Platinum,
Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric
Tons for Years 2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-138

Table 71: World Historic Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
by Product Segment - Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium,
and Iridium Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-139

Table 72: World 15-Year Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales
for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan),
Middle East & Africa and Latin American Markets for Years
2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-140

Table 73: World 15-Year Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
by Product Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for
Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium Markets
for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-141

Table 74: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Platinum Group Metals (Platinum) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-142

Table 75: World Historic Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
(Platinum) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-143

Table 76: World 15-Year Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
(Platinum) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-144

Table 77: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Platinum Group Metals (Palladium) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-145

Table 78: World Historic Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
(Palladium) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-146

Table 79: World 15-Year Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
(Palladium) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-147

Table 80: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Platinum Group Metals (Rhodium) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-148

Table 81: World Historic Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
(Rhodium) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-149

Table 82: World 15-Year Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
(Rhodium) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-150

Table 83: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Platinum Group Metals (Ruthenium) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-151

Table 84: World Historic Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
(Ruthenium) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-152

Table 85: World 15-Year Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
(Ruthenium) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-153

Table 86: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Platinum Group Metals (Iridium) by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-154

Table 87: World Historic Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
(Iridium) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-155

Table 88: World 15-Year Perspective for Platinum Group Metals
(Iridium) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of
Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American
Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-156

Table 89: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Special Alloys & Super Alloys by Geographic Region - US,
Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle
East & Africa, and Latin American Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years
2010 through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-157

Table 90: World Historic Perspective for Special Alloys &
Super Alloys by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Middle East & Africa, and
Latin American Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Sales Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-158

Table 91: World 15-Year Perspective for Special Alloys & Super
Alloys by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume
Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding
Japan), Middle East & Africa and Latin American Markets for
Years 2004, 2011 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-159


III. MARKET

1. THE UNITED STATES III-1
A.Market Analysis III-1
Outlook III-1
Industry Trends III-1
Columbium Uses in the US III-1
Molybdenum Production & Consumption Trends III-1
Defense and Commercial Aircraft: A Lucrative End-User of
High Performance Alloys III-1
Demand for Titanium and Nickel Alloys Tied to Aerospace and
Power Sectors III-2
High-Performance Titanium and Nickel Alloys Activities Move
Overseas III-2
Super Alloys Demand Susceptible to Turbulences in End-User
Industries III-2
Maintains Consistent Growth Amidst Challenges III-3
Non-Aerospace Uses Expand III-3
Connector Industry Springs Potential for High Performance
Alloys III-3
End Use Application Markets III-4
Aluminum III-4
From Alumina to Automobiles III-4
Targeted Markets III-4
Transportation III-4
Packaging III-4
Construction Industry III-4
Titanium Alloys - End Use Trends III-4
Magnesium Alloys III-5
Automakers Look Anew at Magnesium Alloys III-5
Base Market Scan III-5
Aluminum III-5
Energy III-5
Environment and Climate Change III-5
Recycling III-5
Technology III-6
Table 92: US Aluminum Market by End-Use Industry for
2011: Percentage Breakdown for Transportation, Containers
& Packaging, Construction, Consumer Durables, Machinery &
Equipment, Electrical and Others (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-6

Table 93: US Titanium Consumption (2011): Breakdown by
End-Use Segments - Commercial Aerospace, Military
Aerospace, Industrial and Consumer (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-6

Table 94: US Molybdenum Market (2011): Percentage Share
Breakdown by End Use Application - Machinery, Electrical,
Transportation, Chemicals, Oil and Gas and Others
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-7

Table 95: North American Palladium Market by Application
Segment (2011): Percentage Share Breakdown of Volume
Consumption for Autocatalyst, Electrical/ Electronics,
Dental, Chemical, Jewelry, and Others (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-7

Table 96: US Nickel Market by End-Use Industry (2011):
Percentage Breakdown of Consumption for
Electrical/Electronic Equipment, Transport,
Construction/Building, Household Goods, and Other
Equipment (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-7
Strategic Corporate Developments III-8
Key Players III-11
B.Market Analytics III-17
Table 97: US Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for High
Performance Alloys by Product Group/Segment - Non-Ferrous
Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium);
Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and
Tantalum); Platinum Group Metals (Platinum, Palladium,
Rhodium, Ruthenium, and Iridium); and Special Alloys & Super
Alloys Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales
Figures in Metric Tons for Years 2010 through 2018 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-17

Table 98: US Historic Perspective for High Performance
Alloys by Product Group/Segment - Non-Ferrous Alloys
(Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium, and Zirconium); Refractory
Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten, Columbium, and Tantalum);
Platinum Group Metals (Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium,
Ruthenium, and Iridium); and Special Alloys & Super Alloys
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in
Metric Tons for Years 2004 through 2009 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-18

Table 99: US 15-Year Perspective for High Performance Alloys
by Product Group/Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume
Sales for Non-Ferrous Alloys (Aluminum, Magnesium, Titanium,
and Zirconium); Refractory Metals (Molybdenum, Tungsten,
Columbium, and Tantalum); Platinum Group Metals; and Special
Alloys & Super Alloys Markets for Years 2004, 2011 & 2018
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-19

2. CANADA III-20
A.Market Analysis III-20
Outlook III-20
Industry Review III-20
Aluminum III-20
Aluminum Casting, Rolling and Extruding in Canada -
Industry Scenario III-20
Industry Classification III-20
Products Profile III-20
Industry Characteristics III-20
Innovation and Technology III-21
Challenges in the Aluminum Industry III-21
Table 100: Canadian Aluminum Consumption (2011):
Percentage Share Breakdown by End Use Segments -
Transportation, Packaging, Construction, Electricity,
and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-22
Strategic Corporate Developments III-22
Key Players III-22
B.Market Analytics

Metal and Mineral in Asia

Asia Asia-pacific Mining Industry Value, Us$bn

• $ 250
• Industry data
• February 2013

Yearly, From 2004 To 2016
By Business Monitor International
Source: BMI

• Industries : Metal and Mineral
• Countries : Asia

Asia Emerging Asia Mining Industry Value, Us$bn

• $ 250
• Industry data
• February 2013

Yearly, From 2004 To 2016
By Business Monitor International
Source: BMI

• Industries : Metal and Mineral
• Countries : Asia

Asia Asia-pacific Mining Industry Value, Us$bn, % Change Y-o-y

• $ 250
• Industry data
• February 2013

Yearly, From 2005 To 2016
By Business Monitor International
Source: BMI

• Industries : Metal and Mineral
• Countries : Asia

Asia Emerging Asia Mining Industry Value, Us$bn, % Change Y-o-y

• $ 250
• Industry data
• February 2013

Yearly, From 2005 To 2016
By Business Monitor International
Source: BMI

• Industries : Metal and Mineral
• Countries : Asia

Asia Asia-pacific Foreign Reserves Ex Gold, Us$bn

• $ 250
• Industry data
• February 2013

Yearly, From 1999 To 2022
By Business Monitor International
Source: BMI

• Industries : Metal and Mineral
• Countries : Asia