Enzymes for Industrial Applications

Home >
Heavy Industry >
Manufacturing >
Chemical >
Enzymes for Industrial Applications

Report price : $ 4 850
Publication date : January 2008

With the environment and cost issues in the conventional chemical processes being subjected to considerable scrutiny, biotechnology is gaining rapid ground as it offers several advantages over conventional technologies.

Industrial enzymes represent the heart of biotechnology. The field of industrial enzymes is now experiencing major research and development (R&D) initiatives, resulting in development of a number of new products and in improvement in the process and performance of several existing products.

This study examines the applications actually being practiced commercially worldwide and their markets and growth opportunities. It also looks into the true market penetrations for the newer grades of enzymes and their applications as well as newer developments and potential applications on the horizon. This study gives a clear, quantitative picture of the marketplace, and highlights the technological and investment opportunities in the field.

INTRODUCTION

OBJECTIVES AND GOALS OF STUDY

REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY

INTENDED AUDIENCE

SCOPE OF REPORT

INFORMATION SOURCES

CREDENTIALS OF ANALYSTS

BCC ONLINE SERVICES

DISCLAIMER

SUMMARY SUMMARY TABLE 1 ENZYME MARKETS BASED ON APPLICATION SECTORS ($ MILLIONS) SUMMARY FIGURE INDUSTRIAL ENZYMES SHARES IN APPLICATION SECTORS, 2007 (%)

OVERVIEW

WHY ARE ENZYMES OF INTEREST?

BRIEF HISTORY OF ENZYME DEVELOPMENT

TABLE 1 BRIEF HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENTS IN THE FIELD OF ENZYMES

TABLE 1 (CONTINUED)

ENZYME CHARACTERISTICS

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS

CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS

PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS

Efficiency

Specificity

Change of Activity

CLASSIFICATION

BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION

NAMING OF THE ENZYMES

BASIS OF COMMON NAMES

SYSTEMIC NAMES AND ENZYME CLASSIFICATION

TABLE 2 IMPORTANT CLASSIFICATIONS AND SUBCLASSIFICATIONS MAJOR INDUSTRIAL ENZYMES IN COMMERCIAL USE AND FORESEEABLE FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS

TABLE 3 APPLICATION SECTORS USING INDUSTRIAL ENZYMES

TYPE OF ENZYME

APPLICATION SECTOR

TECHNICAL ENZYMES

FOOD ENZYMES

TECHNICAL ENZYMES

Detergent Industry:

TABLE 4 TYPICAL ENZYMES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN THE DETERGENT INDUSTRY

Textile Industry

TABLE 5 TYPICAL ENZYMES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY

TABLE 5 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 6 SUBSTITUTING ENZYMES FOR CONVENTIONAL CHEMICALS IN VARIOUS TEXTILE PROCESSES

Pulp and Paper Industry

TABLE 7 TYPICAL ENZYMES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN THE PAPER INDUSTRY

Leather Industry

TABLE 8 TYPICAL ENZYMES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN LEATHER INDUSTRY

Miscellaneous Applications of Technical Enzymes

Chemical Industry—Distillation and Fermentation

TABLE 9 TYPICAL ENZYMES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY (CHEMICALS INCLUDING ETHANOL, EFFLUENT TREATMENT, AND COSMETICS)

FOOD ENZYMES

Sweeteners/Confectionery Industry

TABLE 10 TYPICAL ENZYMES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN THE SWEETENERS/CONFECTIONERY INDUSTRY

Dairy Industry

TABLE 11 TYPICAL ENZYMES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN DAIRY INDUSTRY

Fruit and Vegetable Juice, Wine, Brewery, and Beverages

Fruit/Vegetable Juice and Wine

TABLE 12 TYPICAL ENZYMES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN FRUIT/VEGETABLE JUICE AND WINE INDUSTRY

Brewing Industry

TABLE 13 TYPICAL ENZYMES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN BREWING INDUSTRY

Coffee and Tea Industry

TABLE 14 TYPICAL ENZYMES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN THE COFFEE AND TEA INDUSTRY

Baking Industry

TABLE 15 TYPICAL ENZYMES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN THE BAKING INDUSTRY

Others—Food Processing, Meat Industry, Dietary

Supplements, Digestive Enzymes

Food Processing

TABLE 16 TYPICAL ENZYMES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN THE FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY

Meat Industry

TABLE 17 TYPICAL ENZYMES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN THE MEAT INDUSTRY

Protein Industry

TABLE 18 TYPICAL ENZYMES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN THE PROTEIN INDUSTRY

Starch Industry

TABLE 19 TYPICAL ENZYMES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN THE STARCH INDUSTRY

Dietary Supplement Industry

TABLE 20 TYPICAL ENZYMES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN THE DIETARY SUPPLEMENT INDUSTRY

Animal Feed

TABLE 21 TYPICAL ENZYMES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN THE ANIMAL FEED INDUSTRY

EMERGING ENZYMES

TABLE 22 GENETICALLY ENGINEERED FOOD ENZYMES IMMOBILIZED ENZYMES

ISOMERIZATION TO FRUCTOSE BY IMMOBILIZATION

SOURCES OF ENZYMES

ANIMAL

VEGETABLES AND PLANTS

MICROBIAL

TABLE 23 ENZYMES FROM BACTERIA

TABLE 24 ENZYMES FROM FUNGI

HEALTH AND SAFETY FACTORS AND REGULATIONS

HEALTH AND SAFETY FACTORS

REGULATIONS

MEASUREMENTS AND TESTING

Measurement

Testing Process

MARKET BY-PRODUCTS

TABLE 25 PROJECTED GLOBAL SIZE OF THE INDUSTRIAL ENZYME MARKET, BY PRODUCTS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 1 CURRENT MARKET SHARE OF INDUSTRIAL ENZYME, 2007 (%)

FIGURE 2 HISTORICAL GROWTH OF GLOBAL INDUSTRIAL ENZYME MARKET, 1995-2007 ($ MILLIONS)

GLOBAL INDUSTRIAL ENZYME MARKET BY REGIONS

TABLE 26 GLOBAL SIZE OF INDUSTRIAL ENZYME MARKET BY REGION THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 3 REGIONAL SIZE OF THE INDUSTRIAL ENZYME MARKET, 2005-2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 4 REGIONAL MARKET SHARE OF INDUSTRIAL ENZYMES, 1998 AND 2007 (%)

INDUSTRIAL ENZYME MARKET BY ENZYMES

TABLE 27 PROJECTED GLOBAL INDUSTRIAL ENZYME MARKET BY ENZYME TYPES, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 5 GLOBAL ENZYME MARKET BY ENZYME TYPES, 2005-2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 6 CURRENT GLOBAL SHARE IN INDUSTRIAL ENZYME MARKET, BY VALUE, 2007 (%)

PROTEASE

TABLE 28 PROJECTED GLOBAL PROTEASES MARKET, BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FOOD PROCESSING, MEAT INDUSTRY, DIETARY

SUPPLEMENT, AND DIGESTIVE AIDS INDUSTRIES

FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PROCESSING, WINE, BREWERY,

AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRIES

CONFECTIONERY/

SWEETENERS

SUBTOTAL

AMYLASE

TABLE 29 PROJECTED GLOBAL AMYLASE MARKET, BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

PHYTASE

TABLE 30 PROJECTED GLOBAL PHYTASE MARKET, BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

RENNET

TABLE 31 PROJECTED GLOBAL RENNET MARKET, BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

GLUCOSE ISOMERASE

TABLE 32 PROJECTED GLOBAL GLUCOSE ISOMERASE MARKET, BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

LIPASE

TABLE 33 PROJECTED GLOBAL LIPASE MARKET BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

XYLANASE

TABLE 34 PROJECTED GLOBAL XYLANASE MARKET, BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TRYPSIN

TABLE 35 PROJECTED GLOBAL TRYPSIN MARKET BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

PECTINASE

TABLE 36 PROJECTED GLOBAL PECTINASE MARKET, BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

CELLULASE

TABLE 37 CELLULASE MARKET BY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

INDUSTRIAL ENZYME MARKET BY APPLICATION SECTORS TABLE 38 PROJECTED GLOBAL INDUSTRIAL ENZYME MARKET BY APPLICATION SECTORS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR TECHNICAL ENZYMES

TABLE 39 PROJECTED GLOBAL MARKET FOR TECHNICAL ENZYMES BY APPLICATION SECTORS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 7 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TECHNICAL ENZYMES BY APPLICATION SECTORS, 2005-2012 ($ MILLIONS)

REGIONAL SHARE OF THE TECHNICAL ENZYME MARKET

TABLE 40 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TECHNICAL ENZYMES BY REGIONS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 8 GLOBAL MARKET FOR TECHNICAL ENZYMES BY REGIONS, 2005-2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TECHNICAL ENZYME MARKET BY SPECIFIC ENZYMES TYPES

TABLE 41 PROJECTED GLOBAL TECHNICAL ENZYME MARKET BY SPECIFIC ENZYMES, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 9 TECHNICAL ENZYMES MARKET BY INDIVIDUAL ENZYMES, 2005-2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 10 SHARES OF TECHNICAL ENZYMES VALUE BY ENZYME TYPE, 2007 (%)

DETERGENT SECTOR

Enzymes Used in the Detergent Industry

TABLE 42 ENZYMES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN THE DETERGENT INDUSTRY

Salient Features of Enzymes Used in the Detergent

Sector

TABLE 43 ACTIONS OF COMMON ENZYMES IN DETERGENTS

Proteases

Amylases

Cellulases

Important Developments

Laundry Tablets

Industry Performance of the Detergent Sector

Global Demand

FIGURE 11 GLOBAL VOLUME GROWTH OF THE DETERGENT INDUSTRY, 2001-2007 (MILLION METRIC TONS)

FIGURE 11 (CONTINUED)

FIGURE 12 GLOBAL DETERGENT INDUSTRY MARKET SHARES BY REGION, BY VOLUME, 2007 (%)

Overall Demand for Enzymes in the Detergent Sector

TABLE 44 PROJECTED GLOBAL TECHNICAL ENZYME MARKET IN THE DETERGENT SECTOR, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 13 GLOBAL PROJECTED MARKET FOR ENZYMES IN DETERGENTS, 2005-2012 ($ MILLION)

Regional Market Shares

TABLE 45 REGIONAL MARKET SHARES OF TECHNICAL ENZYMES USED IN DETERGENTS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 14 REGIONAL MARKET SHARES OF ENZYMES USED IN DETERGENTS, 2005-2012 ($ MILLION)

TEXTILE SECTOR

Role of Enzymes in Textiles

TABLE 46 ENZYMES AND THEIR USES IN THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY

TABLE 46 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 47 NEWER ENZYMES FOR TEXTILE DEVELOPMENT FOR IMPROVING PERFORMANCE

Background on Global Textiles Market

FIGURE 15 GLOBAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTILES, 2000-2006 (MILLION METRIC TONS)

Enzyme Markets in the Textile Industry

TABLE 48 PROJECTED GLOBAL ENZYME MARKET IN TEXTILES, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 16 MARKET FOR ENZYMES IN TEXTILES, 2005-2012 ($ MILLION)

TABLE 49 REGIONAL SHARE OF ENZYMES IN TEXTILES, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 17 REGIONAL SHARES OF ENZYMES IN THE TEXTILES, BY INDUSTRY, 2005-2012 ($ MILLIONS)

PULP AND PAPER SECTOR

Overview

Enzymes Used in the Pulp and Paper Industry

TABLE 50 ENZYMES COMMONLY USED IN THE PULP AND PAPER SECTOR

Xylanases

Background of Paper Industry

FIGURE 18 GLOBAL PRODUCTION OF PAPER, 2001-2006 (MILLION TONS)

FIGURE 19 REGIONAL SHARE OF PAPER PRODUCTION, 2006 (%)

The Enzyme Market in the Pulp and Paper Sector

TABLE 51 GLOBAL MARKET FOR ENZYMES IN THE PAPER INDUSTRY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 20 MARKETS FOR ENZYMES IN THE PAPER INDUSTRY, 2005-2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 52 REGIONAL SHARES OF ENZYMES IN THE PAPER INDUSTRY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 21 REGIONAL SHARES OF ENZYMES IN THE PAPER INDUSTRY, 2005-2012 ($ MILLIONS)

LEATHER SECTOR

Enzymes Used in Leather

TABLE 53 ENZYMES GENERALLY USED AND APPLICATION

Enzyme Development for the Leather Sector

TABLE 54 EMERGING OPTIONS IN MAKING LEATHER CHEMICALS GREENER

Background on Leather Processing Industry

FIGURE 22 GLOBAL LEATHER MARKET, 2001-2006 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 22 (CONTINUED)

Footwear

Leather Garments

Leather Goods

Leather Automotive Upholstery

Leather Furniture Upholstery

Major Exporters

The Enzyme Market in the Leather Sector

TABLE 55 ENZYME MARKET IN THE LEATHER SECTOR, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 23 ENZYME MARKETS IN THE LEATHER SECTOR, 2005-2012 ($ MILLIONS)

Protease

Lipase

Trypsin

Regional Shares of Enzymes in the Leather Industry

TABLE 56 REGIONAL SHARES OF THE ENZYME MARKET IN THE LEATHER INDUSTRY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 24 REGIONAL SHARES OF ENZYMES IN THE LEATHER INDUSTRY 2005-2012 ($ MILLIONS)

OTHERS—INCLUDING STARCH-DERIVED CHEMICALS,

ETHANOL, EFFLUENT TREATMENT, AND COSMETICS

Background on Global Ethanol Markets

FIGURE 25 GLOBAL ETHANOL PRODUCTION, 2002-2006 (MILLION KILOLITERS)

FIGURE 26 REGIONAL SHARES OF ETHANOL PRODUCTION, 2006 (%)

Scenario in the United States

TABLE 57 EXPANSION OF ETHANOL INDUSTRY IN THE UNITED STATES

FIGURE 27 HISTORICAL DATA OF U.S. FUEL ETHANOL PRODUCTION, 1996-2006 (MILLION KILOLITERS)

Starch-Derived Chemicals

TABLE 58 COMMON ENZYMES FOR PRODUCING STARCHDERIVED CHEMICALS

Background on Markets of Selected Starch-Based

Chemicals

L-Lysine

Gluconic Acid

Itaconic Acid

Glutamic Acid/Mono Sodium Glutamate

(MSG)

TABLE 59 USE PATTERN OF MSG IN THE UNITED STATES

Lactic Acid

Citric Acid

FIGURE 28 REGIONAL MARKET SHARE FOR CITRIC ACID (%)

FIGURE 28 (CONTINUED)

Cosmetics and Toiletries Industry

TABLE 60 IMPORTANT ENZYMES USED IN THE COSMETICS AND TOILETRIES INDUSTRY

TABLE 60 (CONTINUED)

Effluent Treatment

The Enzyme Market for Miscellaneous Applications

TABLE 61 ENZYME MARKET FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS*, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 29 ENZYME MARKET FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS (INCLUDING STARCH-DERIVED CHEMICALS, ETHANOL, EFFLUENT TREATMENT, AND COSMETICS), 2005-2012 ($ MILLIONS)

Regional Share of the Enzyme Market

TABLE 62 REGIONAL SHARE OF THE ENZYMES MARKET USED FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS*, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 30 REGIONAL SHARE OF THE ENZYMES MARKET FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS*, 2005-2012 ($ MILLIONS)

WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR FOOD ENZYMES

TABLE 63 GLOBAL MARKET PROJECTIONS FOR FOOD ENZYMES BY APPLICATION SECTORS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 31 GLOBAL MARKET PROJECTIONS FOR FOOD ENZYMES BY APPLICATION SECTORS, 2005-2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 64 REGIONAL SHARE OF FOOD ENZYMES, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 32 REGIONAL MARKET SHARES FOR FOOD ENZYMES, 2005-2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TYPES OF ENZYME USED IN THE FOOD SECTOR

TABLE 65 MARKET FOR FOOD ENZYMES BY INDIVIDUAL ENZYMES, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 33 GLOBAL MARKETS FOR FOOD ENZYMES, 2005-2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 34 FOOD ENZYME MARKET SHARE, 2007 (%)

CONFECTIONERY/SWEETENER INDUSTRY

Background of the Starch Industry for Sweeteners

FIGURE 35 SOURCES OF STARCH (PRODUCTION: 62 MILLION METRIC TONS IN 2007) (%)

FIGURE 36 REGIONAL SHARE OF STARCH PRODUCTION, 2007 (%)100

FIGURE 37 PER CAPITA STARCH CONSUMPTION IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES, 2007 (KG)

Background of the Confectionery Industry Market

Sweeteners in the Confectionery Industry

High Fructose Corn Syrup

FIGURE 38 PATTERN OF REGIONAL PRODUCTION OF HFCS, 2007 (%)

FIGURE 38 (CONTINUED)

Enzyme Markets

TABLE 66 GLOBAL FOOD ENZYME MARKETS FOR CONFECTIONERY/ SWEETENERS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 39 FOOD ENZYME MARKETS FOR CONFECTIONERY/SWEETENERS, 2005-2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 67 REGIONAL MARKET SHARE OF THE FOOD ENZYME FOR CONFECTIONERY/SWEETENERS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 40 REGIONAL MARKET SHARES OF FOOD ENZYMES FOR CONFECTIONERY/SWEETENERS, 2005-2012 ($ MILLION)

DAIRY INDUSTRY

Role of Enzymes in the Dairy Industry

TABLE 68 ENZYMES IN THE DAIRY INDUSTRY AND THEIR SPECIFIC ROLES

Rennet

Recombinant Chymosin (Rennet Substitute)

Other Enzymes Used in Dairy Technology

Research Opportunity for “Whey Exploitation”

Using Enzymes

Background on Dairy Industry Markets

TABLE 69 WORLDWIDE MILK PRODUCTION, 2005-2007 (MILLION METRIC TONS)

TABLE 70 WORLDWIDE BUTTER PRODUCTION, 2001-2007 (THOUSAND METRIC TONS)

TABLE 70 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 71 WORLDWIDE CHEESE PRODUCTION, 2001-2007 (MILLION METRIC TONS)

TABLE 71 (CONTINUED)

Overall Demand for Enzymes in the Dairy Sector

TABLE 72 GLOBAL MARKET FOR ENZYMES IN THE DAIRY INDUSTRY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 41 GLOBAL MARKETS FOR ENZYMES IN THE DAIRY INDUSTRY, 2005-2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 73 REGIONAL SHARE OF FOOD ENZYMES IN THE DAIRY SECTOR, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 42 REGIONAL SHARE OF THE DAIRY ENZYME INDUSTRY, 2005-2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FRUIT AND VEGETABLE JUICES, WINE, BREWERIES, AND BEVERAGES

Background of the Wine Industry

FIGURE 43 GLOBAL SHARE OF WINE PRODUCTION, 2007 (%)

TABLE 74 MAJOR COUNTRIES AND THEIR PRODUCTION VOLUME OF WINE, 2002-2006 (MILLION LITERS)

Background of the Brewery Industry

Non-Alcholic Beverages

Enzymes Used in Fruit/Vegetable Juices, Beverages,

Wine, and Brewery Industries

Glucoamylase (Amyloglucosidase)

Pectinase

Protease

Cellulase

Enzyme Markets in Fruit and Vegetable Processing,

Wine, Brewery, and Beverage Industries

TABLE 75 MARKETS FOR FOOD ENZYMES IN FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PROCESSING, WINE, BREWERIES, AND BEVERAGES, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 44 ENZYME MARKETS IN VEGETABLE AND FRUIT PROCESSING, WINE, AND BREWERY INDUSTRIES, 2005-2012 ($ MILLION)

TABLE 76 REGIONAL SHARES OF THE ENZYME MARKET IN VEGETABLE AND FRUIT PROCESSING, WINE, AND BREWERY INDUSTRIES, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 45 REGIONAL SHARES OF THE ENZYME MARKETS FOR VEGETABLE/ FRUIT PROCESSING, WINE, AND BREWERY INDUSTRIES, 2005-2012 ($ MILLION)

BAKING INDUSTRY

Enzymes Generally Used in Baking and Their Uses

Amylase

Amyloglucosidase

Xylanase

Protease

Glucose Oxidase

Recent Advances in the Application of Enzymes in the

Baking Industry

Background of the Baking Industry Market

FIGURE 46 REGIONAL SHARE OF BAKERY MARKET, 2007 (%)

Overall Demand for Enzymes in the Baked Goods Sector

TABLE 77 GLOBAL MARKET FOR FOOD ENZYMES IN THE BAKING INDUSTRY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 47 GLOBAL ENZYMES MARKET IN THE BAKING INDUSTRY, 2005-2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 78 REGIONAL SHARES OF FOOD ENZYMES IN THE BAKING INDUSTRY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 48 REGIONAL SHARES OF ENZYMES IN THE BAKING INDUSTRY, 2005-2012 ($ MILLION)

ENZYMES IN FOOD PROCESSING, MEAT, DIETARY

SUPPLEMENTS, AND DIGESTIVE AIDS INDUSTRIES

TABLE 79 ENZYMES GENERALLY USED IN FOOD PROCESSING, MEAT, DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS, AND DIGESTIVE AIDS

INDUSTRIES

Vegetable Processing

Food Packaging

Food Supplements/Digestive Aids

Flavor and Fragrances

Natural Flavors

FIGURE 49 REGIONAL SHARES OF FLAVOR AND FRAGRANCE MARKET, 2006 (%)

Industrial Performance of the Processed Food Sector

TABLE 80 GLOBAL SALES OF FOOD ADDITIVES, 2006 ($ BILLIONS)

Enzyme Markets in the Food Processing, Meat, Dietary

Supplements, and Digestive Aids Industries

TABLE 81 ENZYME MARKETS IN THE FOOD PROCESSING, MEAT, DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS, AND DIGESTIVE AIDS INDUSTRIES, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 50 ENZYME MARKETS IN THE FOOD PROCESSING, MEAT, DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS, AND DIGESTIVE AIDS INDUSTRIES, 2005-2012 ($ MILLION)

TABLE 82 REGIONAL SHARE OF THE FOOD ENZYME MARKETS FOR THE FOOD PROCESSING, MEAT, DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS, AND DIGESTIVE AIDS INDUSTRIES, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 51 REGIONAL SHARES OF THE FOOD ENZYME MARKETS FOR THE FOOD PROCESSING, MEAT, DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS, AND DIGESTIVE AIDS INDUSTRIES, 2005-2012 ($ MILLION)

WORLDWIDE MARKET FOR ANIMAL FEED ENZYMES

ENZYMES GENERALLY USED AND APPLICATION

Phytase

BACKGROUND ON ANIMAL FEED SECTORS

FIGURE 52 GLOBAL COMPOUND FEED PRODUCTION, 1990-2006 (MILLION METRIC TONS)

TABLE 83 MAJOR PRODUCING COUNTRIES OF COMPOUND FEED (MILLION METRIC TONS)

FIGURE 53 GLOBAL ANIMAL FEED USE PATTERN, 2006 (%)

Factors that Will Drive the Animal Feed Industry

FIGURE 54 HISTORICAL GLOBAL MEAT PRODUCTION, 2001-2006 (MILLION METRIC TONS PER ANNUM)

FIGURE 55 PATTERN OF PRODUCTION OF MEAT BY COUNTRY, 2006 (%)

OVERALL DEMAND FOR ENZYMES IN THE ANIMAL FEED

SECTOR

TABLE 84 GLOBAL MARKETS FOR ENZYMES IN THE ANIMAL FEED INDUSTRY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 56 MARKETS FOR ENZYMES IN THE ANIMAL FEED INDUSTRY, 2005-2012 ($ MILLION)

TABLE 85 REGIONAL SHARE OF ENZYMES IN THE ANIMAL FEED INDUSTRY, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 57 REGIONAL SHARES OF ENZYMES IN THE ANIMAL FEED INDUSTRY, 2005-2012 ($ MILLION)

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND PATENT DETAILS

METHODS OF MANUFACTURE

PROCESS PRINCIPLES

CONTAMINATING ENZYMES

FACTORS REQUIRING CARE IN THE PROCESS

Yeast

GRANULATION OF ENZYMES

Detergent Enzymes

Other Enzymes

Solid Preparation Methods:

Prilling

Extrusion

Shear Granulation

FIGURE 58 FLOW DIAGRAM FOR PRODUCTION OF INDUSTRIAL ENZYMES BY FERMENTATION

SIGNIFICANT NEW DEVELOPMENTS

TEXTILE SECTOR

TABLE 86 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS (PAST 5 YEARS) IN THE TEXTILE SECTOR

Enzymatic Process to Bleach Residues in Textile

Finishing

Organization involved—Windel Textil Gmbh and

Co., Bielefeld, Germany

Traditional Process

New Process Developed

Stain Clear—Garment Finishing Enzymes

Organization involved—Advanced Enzyme

Technologies Ltd., India

Traditional Process

New Process Developed

Enzymatic Treatment for Wool with Modified Protease

Organization involved—Protex

Biotech Enzyme Fiber Process

Organization involved: Naturally Advanced

Technologies Inc., Canada

High Performance Scouring Enzyme for Textiles

Organization Involved: Maps Ltd., India

Pectinase Enzyme for Removal of Pectin from Cotton

Organization involved—Advanced Enzyme

Technologies Ltd., India

Sorbenz D Liq— Wool Scouring Agent

Organization Involved—Sorbe Biotechnology

(India) Pvt. Ltd., India

DETERGENT SECTOR

TABLE 87 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS (PAST 5 YEARS) IN THE DETERGENT SECTOR

Mannaway Enzyme for Detergents

Organization Involved—Novozymes, Denmark

PULP AND PAPER SECTOR

TABLE 88 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS (PAST 5 YEARS) IN THE PULP AND PAPER SECTOR

ENZYME BLEACHING OF WOOD PULP

ENZYMES TO REDUCE USE OF CHEMICALS FOR BLEACHING

K. OXYTOCA TO CONVERT WASTE PAPER INTO ETHANOL

USE OF BACTERIA FOR OPTIMIZATION IN PAPER PROCESSING

ON-SITE PRODUCTION OF XYLANASE FOR PAPER BLEACHING

Enzymatic Pulp Bleaching Process

Organization Involved: Leykam, Australia

Traditional Process

New Process Developed

Enzyme for Delignification

Organization Involved—Domtar Corporate

Research Center, Canada

Traditional Process

New Process Developed

Enzyme Bleaching of Wood Pulp

Enzymes to Reduce Use of Chemicals for Bleaching

Organization Involved: Bio-Tech International,

Australia

Use of Enzymes as Substitute for Polymer in Paper

Production

Organization Involved: Carbury Herne Limited and

Hercules Inc., UK

On-Site Production of Xylanase for Paper Bleaching

Organization Involved—Oji Paper, Japan

PETROLEUM/OIL DRILLING INDUSTRY

TABLE 89 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS (PAST 5 YEARS) IN THE OILWELL INDUSTRY

ENZYMATIC BREAKER FOR USE IN OIL DRILLING

APPLICATION

Use of Enzymes in Oil Well Completion

Organization Involved—BP Exploration, UK

Traditional Process

New Process Developed

BIOFUEL/FUEL CELL INDUSTRY

TABLE 90 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS (PAST 5 YEARS) IN THE BIOFUEL/FUEL CELL INDUSTRY

TABLE 90 (CONTINUED)

Reduction in Cost of Enzymes for Converting Biomass to

Ethanol

Organization Involved—Novozymes and National

Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden, CO

Development of Ethanol from Cellulosic Biomass

Organizations Involved—Broin and Novozymes

Enzyme for Biofuel Production

Organizations Involved: Syngenta and Diversa

Corporation

Ultra-Thin Enzymes for Ethanol Production

Organizations Involved: Diversa and Valley

Research Inc

Development of Enzymes for the Production of Cellulosic

Ethanol

Organization Involved: Verenium Corporation

Development of Enzymes for Bioethanol Production from

Bagasse

Organization Involved: Novozymes, Denmark

Production of Second Generation Bioethanol

Organizations Involved: Genencor, Switzerland

(Division of Danisco), DONG Energy

Biofuel Production from Micro-Algae

Organization Involved—Valcent products

Enzymes to Enhance Methane Content in Biogas

Organization Involved—Cowatec, Germany

Biological Fuel Cell

Organization Involved—Inorganic Chemistry

Laboratory, Oxford University

STARCH/SUGAR INDUSTRY

TABLE 91 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS (PAST 5 YEARS) IN THE STARCH/SUGAR CELL INDUSTRY

IMPROVED YEAST FOR SUGAR FERMENTATION

ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE GLUCOSE PHOSPHORYLASEADPGPP

FOR STARCH BIOSYNTHESIS

Improved Yeast for Sugar Fermentation

Organization Involved—Iogen Corporation

(Ottawa, Canada)

Starch Biosynthesis

Organization Involved—Monsanto Research Center

(St. Louis)

CHEMICAL/POLYMER INDUSTRY

TABLE 92 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS (PAST 5 YEARS) IN THE CHEMICAL/POLYMER INDUSTRY

TABLE 92 (CONTINUED)

Amino Acids

Organization involved—Tanabe Seiyaku Company,

Japan

Traditional Process

New Process with Immobilized Enzymes

S-Chloropropionic Acid

Organization involved—Avecia, UK

Traditional Process

New Process Developed

Trinitrotoluene (TNT) and Other Nitroaromatic

Compounds

Organization Involved—The Nitrate Elimination

Co. Inc. (NEC), USA

Propanediol

Organization Involved: DuPont and Genencor

Polyesters

Organization involved—Baxenden (UK)

Traditional Process

New Process Developed

Enzymes for Treating Husk Fibers

Organization Involved—The Central Coir Research

Institute, India

Enzymes in Organic Solvents

Organization Involved—University of Iowa

Enzymes for Biodegradable Polymers

Organization Involved—University of Iowa

Polybutylene Succinate with Enzymes

Organizations Involved—Mitsubishi Chemical

Corporation, Japan, and Novozymes, Denmark

Enzymatic Degreasing Process in the Galvanizing

Industry

Organization Involved—Landskrona Galvanoverk

(Sweden)

Method for Identification of Active Enzymes

Organization Involved—Massachusetts Institute of

Technology, Cambridge, MA

Screening of Enzymes

Organization Involved—University of Bern,

Switzerland

Artificial Enzymes

Organization Involved—Swiss Federal Institute of

Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland.

Role of Fe-Hydrogenase in Biological Hydrogen

Production

Organization Involved—Department of

Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology,

Kharagpur, India

Enzymatic Production of Biodiesel from Cotton Seed Oil

Using T-Butanol as a Solvent

Organization Involved—Bioresource Technology,

Instuto de Investigaciones para la Indutria

Quimica, Argentina

OTHER MISCELLANEOUS INDUSTRIES, INCLUDING

COMPUTER PROGRAMS

TABLE 93 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS (PAST 5 YEARS) IN OTHER MISCELLANEOUS INDUSTRIES

Proline

Organization Involved—Harvard University,

Cambridge, MA

Enzyme Design by Computer Program

Organization Involved—California Institute of

Technology, Pasadena, CA

Computer Method Identifies Potentially Active Enzymes

Organization Involved—Pennsylvania State

University, College Park, PA

Computer that Uses Enzymes to Perform Calculations

Organization Involved: Hebrew University

Jerusalem, Israel

FOOD SECTOR

TABLE 94 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS (PAST 5 YEARS) IN THE FOOD SECTOR

Baking Enzyme

Organization Involved—Novozymes, Denmark

Antimicrobials from Enzymes

Organization Involved—TMI Europe, Valux-En-

Velin, France

New Enzyme Enabled Processes for Edible Oils

Organization Involved—Bunge-Diversa, North

America

Filteration Aids in the Beer Industry

Organization Involved—Novozymes, Denmark

Enzyme Technology for Meat Processors

Organization Involved—Genencor International

AGRICULTURE SECTOR

TABLE 95 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS (PAST 5 YEARS) IN THE AGRICULTURE SECTOR

Enzyme for Vitamin C

Organization Involved—UCLA’s Molecular Biology

Institute and Dartmouth Scientists

Plant Growth in Dry Climates

Organizations involved—Research Institute for

Innovative Technology for the Earth, and

Shizuoka Prefectural University, Japan

ANIMAL FEED

TABLE 96 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS (PAST 5 YEARS) IN THE ANIMAL FEED SECTOR

Phytase Production

Organization Involved—BASF, Germany

PATENT ANALYSIS

TABLE 97 NUMBER OF U.S. PATENTS (SELECTED PATENTS ONLY)

TABLE 98 NUMBER OF PATENTS HELD BY MAJOR PLAYERS, 1976-2007 (SELECTED PATENTS ONLY)

TABLE 99 NUMBER OF PATENTS BY COUNTRY, 1976-2006 (SELECTED PATENTS ONLY)

TABLE 100 NUMBER OF PATENTS BY YEAR, 1976-2006 (SELECTED PATENTS ONLY)

INDUSTRY TRENDS AND OUTLOOK

APPLICATION PROSPECTS

PRODUCT OPPORTUNITIES

DEMAND DRIVERS

INDUSTRY CONSOLIDATION

EXPANDING APPLICATIONS AND MARKETS OF ENZYMES

STRATEGIC ALLIANCES AND COLLABORATIVE EFFORTS

TIE-UP OF NOVOZYMES WITH ROCHE

TIE-UP OF NOVOZYMES WITH CTC

R&D PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN SYNGENTA AND DIVERSA

CORPORATION

R&D COOPERATION WITH ACADEMIC BODIES

COLLABORATION BETWEEN BASF AND THE UNIVERSITY

OF MANCHESTER

COLLABORATION WITH BRAIN AG

PARTNERSHIP FOR TRADE

PATENT AND LICENSING MANAGEMENT

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES AND

EMERGING APPLICATIONS

GENETIC ENGINEERING IN ENZYMES TECHNOLOGY

USE IN THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY

USE IN THE TEXTILE/DETERGENT INDUSTRY

GOVERNMENT SUPPORT

SCOPE FOR SMALLER PLAYERS

CAPTIVE PRODUCTION

TRADING PRACTICES

INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

TABLE 101 U.S. IMPORTS, 2003-2006 (MT/$ MILLION)

TABLE 102 IMPORTS BY COUNTRY IN THE UNITED STATES, 2006 (MT)

TABLE 103 U.S. EXPORTS, 2003-2006 (MT/$ MILLION)

TABLE 104 EXPORTS FROM UNITED STATES BY COUNTRY, 2006 (MT)

TABLE 104 (CONTINUED)

CANADA

TABLE 105 CANADIAN IMPORTS, 2003-2006 ($ MILLION)

MAJOR CANADIAN IMPORTERS IN 2005

TABLE 106 CANADIAN EXPORTS, 2003-2006 ($ MILLION)

EUROPE

TABLE 107 EUROPEAN IMPORTS, 2003-2006 ($ MILLION)

TABLE 108 EUROPEAN EXPORTS, 2003-2006 ($ MILLION)

INDIA

TABLE 109 INDIAN IMPORTS, 2003-2006 ($ MILLION)

TABLE 110 INDIAN EXPORTS, 2003-2006 ($ MILLION)

INTERNATIONAL TREND

APPARENT CONSUMPTION FORECAST FOR SELECTED

REGIONS

TABLE 111 NORTH AMERICAN CONSUMPTION FORECAST, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 112 EUROPEAN FORECAST CONSUMPTION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 113 FORECAST CONSUMPTION IN THE REST OF THE WORLD, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

MARKET SHARES AND COMPANY PROFILES TABLE 114 MARKET SHARE OF MAJOR PLAYERS FOR INDUSTRIAL ENZYMES, 2001-2007 (%) FIGURE 59 ENZYME MARKET SHARE COMPARISON BETWEEN 2001, 2004, AND 2007

NOVOZYMES

BACKGROUND DETAILS

AREAS OF EXPERTISE

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS AT NOVOZYMES

TABLE 115 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS FOR PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT

TABLE 115 (CONTINUED)

COMPANY CONTACT DETAILS

SITES AND FACILITIES

Kalundborg and Norrebro, Denmark

COLLABORATION AND ALLIANCE PARTNERS

Novozymes’s Enzyme Market

FIGURE 60 GROWTH OF NOVOZYMES’S ENZYME BUSINESS, 1968-2010 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 116 MARKET SHARES OF NOVOZYMES FOR INDUSTRIAL ENZYMES (%)

TABLE 117 MARKET SHARES OF NOVOZYMES FOR VARIOUS ENZYME SEGMENTS, 2007 (%)

RANGE OF IMPORTANT ENZYMES PRODUCED

Starch Processing

Paper Industry

Fruit Juice/Wine Industry

Wine Industry

Baking Industry

Detergent Industry

Feed Industry

Food Industry

Examples of such Enzymes are:

Investment on Enzymes for Biofuel

FUTURE PLANS

New R&D Facility in India

Business in China

GENENCOR/DANISCO

BACKGROUND DETAILS

AREAS OF EXPERTISE

COMPANY CONTACT DETAILS

COLLABORATION AND ALLIANCE PARTNERS

Dispute with Novozymes

DSM

BACKGROUND DETAILS

COMPANY CONTACT DETAILS

SITES AND FACILITIES

COLLABORATION AND ALLIANCE PARTNERS

CHR. HANSEN

BACKGROUND DETAILS

AREAS OF EXPERTISE

COMPANY CONTACT DETAILS

SITES AND FACILITIES

Research Facility

Local Application Centers

ANNUAL SALES

REPRESENTATIVE RANGE OF IMPORTANT ENZYMES

PRODUCED

Chy-Max Liquid and Powder

Hannilase Granulate and Liquid

NATUREN Liquid and Powder

Enzyme Solution That Increase Mozzarella Yields for

Dairies

BASF

BACKGROUND DETAILS

AREAS OF EXPERTISE

COMPANY CONTACT DETAILS

COLLABORATION AND ALLIANCE PARTNERS

ANNUAL SALES

RANGE OF IMPORTANT ENZYMES PRODUCED

Phytase (Natuphos)

AGREEMENT WITH BIOBASE

AB ENZYMES (FORMERLY ROHM ENZYME GMBH)

BACKGROUND DETAILS

ACTIVITY

COMPANY CONTACT DETAILS

SITES AND FACILITIES

TABLE 118 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS

AB VISTA—AB ENZYMES ANIMAL FEED ENZYME

DIVISION

COLLABORATION AND ALLIANCE PARTNERS

ANNUAL SALES

RANGE OF IMPORTANT ENZYMES PRODUCED

VERENIUM CORPORATION (DIVERSA)

BACKGROUND DETAILS

Diversa

AREAS OF EXPERTISE

COMPANY CONTACT DETAILS

COLLABORATION AND ALLIANCE PARTNERS

ANNUAL SALES

RANGE OF IMPORTANT ENZYMES PRODUCED

SYNGENTA

BACKGROUND DETAILS

AREA OF EXPERTISE

COMPANY CONTACT DETAILS

RANGE OF IMPORTANT ENZYMES PRODUCED

AMANO ENZYME INC.

BACKGROUND DETAILS

AREAS OF EXPERTISE

TABLE 119 HISTORICAL DETAILS

COMPANY CONTACT DETAILS

SITES AND FACILITIES

DIREVO

BACKGROUND DETAILS

AREAS OF EXPERTISE

COMPANY CONTACT DETAILS

SITES AND FACILITIES

JUELICH ENZYME PRODUCTS

BACKGROUND DETAILS

AREAS OF EXPERTISE

PROCESS IMPROVEMENTS

COMPANY CONTACT DETAILS

JUELICH FINE CHEMICALS (JFC, GMBH) (NOW ACQUIRED BY

CODEXIS)

BACKGROUND DETAILS

COMPANY CONTACT DETAILS

SITES AND FACILITIES

RANGE OF IMPORTANT ENZYMES PRODUCED

AMERICAN LABORATORIES INC.

BACKGROUND DETAILS

COMPANY CONTACT DETAILS

APPLIED ENZYME TECHNOLOGY LTD

BACKGROUND DETAILS

AREAS OF EXPERTISE

COMPANY CONTACT DETAILS

PRODUCTS AND ACTIVITIES

OTHER COMPANIES

THERMOGEN

ALTUS BIOLOGICS, INC

CAMBREX PHARMA

MAXYGEN

SPECIALITY ENZYMES AND BIOCHEMICALS

ENZYME DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION

ENZYME PROCESS

MARCOR DEVELOPMENT CORP

CELGRO CORPORATION

LIST OF TABLES

SUMMARY TABLE 1 ENZYME MARKETS BASED ON APPLICATION SECTORS ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 1 BRIEF HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENTS IN THE FIELD OF ENZYMES

TABLE 2 IMPORTANT CLASSIFICATIONS AND SUBCLASSIFICATIONS