Technical and Advanced Structural Ceramics

Technical and Advanced Structural Ceramics

This business opportunity report analyzes the market, materials, and recent developments in advanced structural ceramics. An overview of the advanced ceramic materials and their production technologies is presented and fitted into a matrix of the new applications. There are business issues that both drive entrance into the arena of advanced structural ceramics and there are some barriers to entry into this business and its applications. The ceramic composites and the competition of companies are identified. Markets and projections for advanced structural ceramics for the next 5 years are presented.

Within the advanced ceramics category, structural ceramics are wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, and lightweight materials, and are superior to many materials in regard to stability in high-temperature environments. Because of this combination of properties, advanced structural ceramics have an especially high potential to resolve a wide number of today’s material challenges in process industries, power generation, aerospace, transportation, and military applications. Such applications are vital to maintaining global competitiveness, decreasing energy consumption, and minimizing pollution. Breakthroughs in advanced ceramics have enabled significant new technology capabilities that are now having far-reaching impacts on the North American economy and society.

This report is directed to the various strata of companies that are interested in the developments of this field. These companies include the following:

• Companies involved in developing, manufacturing, and supplying advanced materials
  
  
• Manufacturers, suppliers, and users of advanced ceramic raw materials
  
  
• Manufacturers, suppliers, and users of advanced ceramic powders
  
  
• Companies involved in the development and manufacture of advanced ceramic components
  
  
• Engine component manufacturers
  
  
• Cutting tool insert manufacturers
  
  
• Manufacturers of wear parts and OEM suppliers
  
  
• Manufacturers and suppliers of dental crowns, ceramic posterior materials, and ceramic hip implants
  
  
• Manufacturers and suppliers of armors
  
  
• Manufacturers and suppliers of ceramic kiln furniture, recuperators, heat exchangers
  
  
• Chemical companies interested in diversification
  
  
• Venture capital companies, angel investors, and financial institutions interested in new, attractive investments and acquisitions.

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

SCOPE OF REPORT

INFORMATION SOURCES AND METHODOLOGY

ANALYST CREDENTIALS

RICHARD HILTON, ANALYST

ANNA CRULL, CONSULTANT

RELATED BCC RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS

BCC ONLINE SERVICES

CUSTOM ANALYSES

DISCLAIMER

CHAPTER TWO: SUMMARY

SUMMARY TABLE PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN STRUCTURAL CERAMICS MARKET BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

SUMMARY FIGURE PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN STRUCTURAL CERAMICS MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2005-2012 ($ MILLIONS)

SUMMARY (CONTINUED)

CHAPTER THREE: OVERVIEW

OVERVIEW

TABLE 1 OVERVIEW OF APLICATIONS FOR ADVANCED AND STRUCTURAL CERAMICS

TABLE 1 (CONTINUED)

MAJOR CERAMIC MATERIALS

ALUMINA-BASED CERAMICS

TABLE 2 NORTH AMERICAN ALUMINA-BASED STRUCTURAL CERAMICS MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

ZIRCONIA-BASED CERAMICS

TABLE 3 NORTH AMERICAN ZIRCONIA-BASED STRUCTURAL CERAMIC MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2007 ($ MILLLIONS)

SILICON CARBIDE CERAMICS

TABLE 4 NORTH AMERICAN SILICON CARBIDE STRUCTURAL CERAMIC MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2007 ($ MILLLIONS)

BORON CARBIDE CERAMICS

TABLE 5 NORTH AMERICAN BORON CARBIDE STRUCTURAL CERAMICS MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

SILICON NITRIDE

TABLE 6 NORTH AMERICAN SILICON NITRIDE AND SIALONS STRUCTURAL CERAMICS MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

SILICA-BASED CERAMICS

TABLE 7 NORTH AMERICAN SILICA-BASED STRUCTURAL CERAMICS MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

TITANIUM DIBORIDE

TABLE 8 NORTH AMERICAN TITANIUM DIBORIDE ADVANCED STRUCTURAL CERAMIC MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

GLASS AND GLASS-CERAMICS

TABLE 9 NORTH AMERICAN GLASS-CERAMIC MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

MIXED AND SPECIALTY CERAMICS

TABLE 10 NORTH AMERICAN MIXED AND SPECIALTY STRUCTURAL CERAMIC MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

ADDITIONAL STRUCTURAL CERAMIC INFORMATION SOURCES

NIST STRUCTURAL CERAMICS DATABASE

NIST HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS DATABASE

NIST CHARACTERIZATION OF FRACTURE ORIGINS IN ADVANCED CERAMIC MATERIALS

NIST PROPERTY DATA SUMMARIES FOR ADVANCED MATERIALS

SUMMARY 2007 ESTIMATES FOR STRUCTURAL CERAMIC MAJOR COMPOSITIONS

TABLE 11 NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FOR STRUCTURAL CERAMICS, BY TYPE, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

CHAPTER FOUR: CERAMIC PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY

PROCESSING ADVANCED CERAMICS

TABLE 12 COMMONLY USED ADVANCED CERAMIC MATERIALS

STABLE OXIDES

TITANATE CERAMICS

FERRITE MATERIAL

MULTICOMPONENT OXIDE CERAMICS

BERYLLIA CERAMICS

ADVANCED STRUCTURAL CERAMICS

MONOLITHIC STRUCTURAL CERAMICS

CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES

PROPERTIES OF STRUCTURAL CERAMICS

TABLE 13 COMPARISON OF BASIC PROPERTIES OF COMPOUNDS USED IN STRUCTURAL CERAMICS

ALUMINO SILICATE-BASED CERAMICS

OXIDE CERAMICS

Alumina

Alumina (Continued)

TABLE 14 PROPERTIES OF COMMERCIAL ALUMINA SPECIFICATIONS

Zirconia

TABLE 15 PROPERTIES OF NORZIDE YZ-110 TETRAGONAL ZIRCONIA POLYCRYSTALS (TZP)

Beryllia Ceramics

NON-OXIDE CERAMICS

Nitrides

Silicon Nitride

Silicon Nitride (Continued)

TABLE 16 TYPICAL PROPERTIES OF SILICON NITRIDES

Reaction-Bonded Silicon Nitride

Hot Pressed Silicon Nitride

Sintered Silicon Nitride

Boron Nitride

TABLE 17 PROPERTIES OF HOT-PRESSED BORON NITRIDES

Aluminum Nitride

Sialons

Carbides

Silicon Carbide

Hot-Pressed Silicon Carbide

Sintered Silicon Carbide

Reaction Sintered Silicon Carbide

Boron Carbide

Titanium Carbide

Tungsten Carbide

Borides

Silicides

TOUGHENING OF CERAMICS

Microstructure Development

Whisker Toughening

Phase Transformation Toughening

Surface-Treatment Toughening

Transformation Toughening of Zirconia

COMPARISON OF STRUCTURAL CERAMIC STRENGTHS

TABLE 18 AVERAGE STRENGTHS OF SELECTED CERAMICS (PSI)

CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES

REINFORCEMENTS

Particulates

Platelets

Whiskers

TABLE 19 PROPERTIES OF SELECTED CERAMIC WHISKERS

Continuous Fibers

TABLE 20 TYPICAL PROPERTY RANGES FOR FIBERS

Matrices

Glass/Glass-Ceramic

Glass/Glass-Ceramic (Continued)

Glass/Glass-Ceramic (Continued)

OXIDES

TABLE 21 APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF ALUMINA AND MULLITE MATRIX COMPOSITES

TABLE 22 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF TYPICAL OXIDE MATRIX COMPOSITES

TABLE 22 (CONTINUED)

NON-OXIDES

TABLE 23 BENEFITS AND APPLICATIONS OF SILICON CARBIDE MATRIX CONTINUOUS FIBER REINFORCED CERAMIC COMPOSITES

TABLE 24 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF TYPICAL NON-OXIDE MATRIX COMPOSITES

TABLE 24 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 25 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS OF MOSI2 COMPOSITES

Discontinuously and Continuously Reinforced Ceramics

TABLE 26 APPLICATIONS FOR DISCONTINUOUSLY REINFORCED CERAMICS, BY TYPE

TABLE 27 APPLICATIONS FOR CONTINUOUSLY REINFORCED CERAMIC BY TYPE

TABLE 27 (CONTINUED)

Advanced Structural Ceramic Processing

TABLE 28 STAGES IN THE PROCESSING OF CRYSTALLINE CERAMICS

POWER TECHNOLOGY

RHEOLOGY CONTROL

CONSOLIDATION AND FORMING

TABLE 29 TECHNIQUES FOR POWDER CONSOLIDATION AND SHAPE FORMING

DRY PRESSING

UNIAXIAL PRESSING

ISOSTATIC PRESSING

HOT PRESSING

ISOSTATIC PRESSING

SLIP CASTING

FIGURE 1 SCHEMATIC OF SLIP CASTING PROCESS

TAPE CASTING

PLASTIC FORMING

EXTRUSION

FIGURE 2 SCHEMATIC OF EXTRUSION PROCESS

INJECTION MOLDING

FIGURE 3 SCHEMATIC OF INJECTION MOLDING PROCESS

SINTERING

GREEN MACHINING

OTHER PROCESSES

Glass-Ceramics

Sol-Gel Methods for Ceramic Processing

Sol-Gel Methods for Ceramic Processing (Continued)

Organometallic Routes

CHAPTER FIVE: RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES

PARTICLE SIZE

ULTRA-FINE PARTICLES USING HIGH-PRESURE MILL

NANOPARTICLES

SIALON(S)

CRACK HEALING

QUALITY CONTROL

RHEOLOGY CONTROL

FABRICATION PROCESS CONTROL

PROPERTY IMPROVEMENTS

TOUGHNESS

MATERIAL STRENGTH

IMPROVED DESIGN TECHNOLOGIES

LOWER STRESS DESIGNS AND RESISTANCE TO THE USE ENVIRONMENT

IMPROVED RESISTANCE TO CONTACT STRESS

CHEMICAL STABILITY AND BONDING

PROTECTIVE COATINGS

FUNCTIONAL GRADIENT CERAMICS

COST REDUCTION

LOWER-COST QUALITY ASSURANCE

REDUCED COST OF MANUFACTURE

IMPROVED AUTOMATION

DECREASE FINAL MACHINING NEED

REDUCE COST OF PRECURSORS

LOWER-COST INTERFACE MATERIALS AND DEPOSITION PROCESSES

ADVANCING STRUCTURAL CERAMIC TECHNOLOGY

ADVANCING STRUCTURAL CERAMIC … (CONTINUED)

CHAPTER SIX: TOOL INSERTS AND CUTTING TOOLS

PROS AND CONS

CERAMIC MATERIALS FOR TOOL INSERTS

TABLE 30 TYPICAL PROPERTIES OF LEADING STRUCTURAL CERAMIC CUTTING TOOL MATERIALS

ALUMINA CERAMIC CUTTING TOOLS

ALUMINA WHITE CERAMIC AND ALUMINA BLACK CERAMIC

TABLE 31 COMPARISON OF ALUMINAS

WHISKER REINFORCED ALUMINA-SILICON CARBIDE

WHISKER REINFORCED ALUMINA-… (CONTINUED)

NITRIDE-BASED CUTTING TOOLS

COATINGS

OTHER ADVANCED CERAMIC CUTTING TOOL MATERIALS

NORTH AMERICAN MANUFACTURERS AND SUPPLIERS OF CERAMIC CUTTING TOOL INSERTS

TABLE 32 NORTH AMERICAN MANUFACTURERS AND SUPPLIERS OF CERAMIC CUTTING TOOL INSERTS

TABLE 32 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 33 NORTH AMERICAN PRODUCERS OF CUTTING TOOL BLANKS

CERAMIC CUTTING TOOL PRICES

TABLE 34 SELECTED PRICES OF CARBIDE AND CERAMIC TOOL INSERTS, 1987-2007

VALUE OF CERAMIC TOOL INSERTS AND INDUSTRY STRUCTURE

TABLE 35 MARKET SHARE OF CERAMIC TOOL INSERTS BY PERCENT, 2007 (%)

TABLE 36 ESTIMATED MARKET SHARE OF LEADING COMPANIES IN CERAMIC CUTTING TOOLS, 2007 (%)

TABLE 37 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN CERAMIC INSERTS AND CUTTING TOOL MARKET BY MATERIAL TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 37 (CONTINUED)

MATERIALS AND PROPERTIES

TABLE 38 MATERIAL SELECTIONS FOR WEAR AND CORROSION RESISTANT APPLICATIONS

TABLE 38 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 38 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 39 SELECTED PROPERTIES OF NORTON/SAINT-GOBAIN SILICON NITRIDE BEARING COMPONENTS

APPLICATIONS

BEARINGS

BEARINGS (CONTINUED)

BEARINGS (CONTINUED)

GRINDING MEDIA

TABLE 40 TYPICAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COORS HIGHDENSITY CERAMIC MEDIA

FOILS

NOZZLES

SAND AND ABRASIVE BLAST NOZZLES

TUNDISH NOZZLES

ASSORTED OTHER NOZZLES

MECHANICAL SEALS AND VALVES

MECHANICAL SEALS AND VALVES (CONTINUED)

TABLE 41 CANDIDATE STRUCTURAL CERAMIC SEAL PROPERTIES

AUTOMOTIVE WATER PUMP SEAL FACES

LINERS AND SCRAPPERS

DIES, EXTRUSION FOR WIRE AND CABLE

WIRE DRAWING CAPSTANS

ROLLS, GUIDES, AND WIRE DIES

MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS

PULLEYS AND SHEAVES

SPECIALTY CRUCIBLES

LEADING COMPANIES IN WEAR, EROSION, AND CORROSION RESISTANT CERAMICS

LEADING COMPANIES IN WEAR,…(CONTINUED)

VALUE WEAR, EROSION, AND CORROSION RESISTANT CERAMICS

VALUE CERAMIC BEARINGS

TABLE 42 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN CERAMIC BEARINGS MARKET BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

VALUE OF GRINDING MEDIA

TABLE 43 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN CERAMIC GRINDING MEDIA MARKET BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 44 NORTH AMERICAN CERAMIC GRINDING MEDIA MARKET SHARES BY MATERIAL TYPE, 2007 (%)

VALUE OF CERAMIC NOZZLES

TABLE 45 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN CERAMIC NOZZLE MARKET BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 46 STRUCTURAL CERAMIC NOZZLE MARKET BY MATERIAL TYPE, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

VALUE CERAMIC MECHANICAL SEALS, VALVES, PLUNGERS, AND RELATED PRODUCTS

VALUE CERAMIC MECHANICAL SEALS,…(CONTINUED)

TABLE 47 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FOR CERAMIC SEALS, VALVES AND RELATED PRODUCTS BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 48 NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FOR CERAMIC SEALS, VALVES, AND RELATED PRODUCTS BY MATERIAL TYPE, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

VALUE CERAMIC DIES, GUIDES, AND SCRAPPERS

TABLE 49 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FOR CERAMIC DIES, GUIDES, PULLEYS, AND RELATED PRODUCTS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 50 NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FOR CERAMIC MATERIALS USED FOR CERAMIC GUIDES, DIES, PULLEYS AND RELATED PRODUCTS BY MATERIAL, TYPE, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

SUMMARY VALUE WEAR-RESISTANT AND RELATED STRUCTURAL CERAMICS

TABLE 51 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FOR STRUCTURAL CERAMICS FOR WEAR RESISTANT, INDUSTRIAL COMPONENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 52 NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FOR STRUCTURAL CERAMIC MATERIALS USED FOR WEAR-RESISTANT AND INDUSTRIAL COMPONENTS, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

MARKET LEADER SHARES

TABLE 53 NORTH AMERICAN MARKET SHARES OF LEADING PRODUCERS/SUPPLIERS OF CERAMIC COMPONENTS FOR WEAR-RESISTANT AND INDUSTRIAL-RELATED APPLICATIONS, 2007 (%)

CHAPTER SEVEN: BIOCERAMICS

BIOCERAMICS

MATERIAL TYPES

NEARLY INERT CERAMIC IMPLANTS

SURFACE ACTIVE GLASS AND CERAMIC IMPLANTS

RESORBABLE

PROPERTY REQUIREMENTS FOR IMPLANTS

BIOCERAMIC MATERIALS

BIOCERAMIC MATERIALS (CONTINUED)

BIOCERAMIC MATERIALS (CONTINUED)

APPLICATIONS

TABLE 54 APPLICATIONS OF BIOACTIVE GLASSES AND GLASSCERAMICS

BIOGLASS PROSTHESES

GLASS-CERAMICS PROSTHESES

BIOGLASS COMPOSITE PROSTHESES

SILICON CARBIDE WHISKER-REINFORCED GLASS-CERAMIC COMPOSITES

CRYSTALLIZED GLASS PROSTHESES

CALCIUM-BASED BIOCOMPATIBLE FILLER FOR BONES

CERAMICS FOR ORTHOPEDIC PRODUCTS

DENTAL CERAMIC MATERIALS FOR CROWNS AND BRIDGES

GLASS-CERAMICS AS CROWN MATERIALS

ZIRCONIA FOR CERAMIC CROWNS AND BRIDGEWORK

POSTERIOR COMPOSITE MATERIALS

GLASS IONOMER FOR DENTAL CEMENT AND POSTERIOR MATERIAL

Glass Ionomer for Dental…(Continued)

DENTAL IMPLANTS

NANOCERAMIC MATERIALS

VALUE BIOCERAMICS

TABLE 55 PROJECTED NUMBER OF U.S. DENTISTS BY SPECIALTY, 2006 AND 2016

TABLE 56 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN BIOCERAMICS MARKET BY DENTAL TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 57 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN BIOCERAMICS MARKET, THROUGH 2012

TABLE 58 NORTH AMERICN BIOCERAMICS MATERIALS MARKET BY TYPE, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

CHAPTER EIGHT: ENERGY AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE RESISTANT PARTS

INTRODUCTION

APPLICATIONS

COMBUSTORS FOR GAS TURBINES

NEWER TECHNOLOGY

Newer Technology (Continued)

HIGH-TEMPERATURE BATTERIES

HIGH-TEMPERATURE BATTERIES (CONTINUED)

FUEL CELLS

Fuel Cells (Continued)

OTHER ENERGY RELATED PRODUCTS

OTHER ENERGY RELATED PRODUCTS (CONTINUED)

GASIFIER REACTION CHAMBERS

GASIFIER REACTION CHAMBERS (CONTINUED)

KILN FURNITURE

KILN FURNITURE (CONTINUED)

KILN FURNITURE (CONTINUED)

CERAMIC CRUCIBLES

HEAT EXCHANGERS

ROTARY HEAT EXCHANGERS

RECUPERATORS

Recuperators (Continued)

FIXED-BOUNDARY RECUPERATOR

COGENERATION

FLUIDIZED BED COMBUSTION

SOLAR ENERGY RECEIVER/CONVERTERS

INDUSTRY STRUCTURE AND MARKETS IN ENERGY AND HIGH TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS

NORTH AMERICAN COMPANIES

TABLE 59 NORTH AMERICAN COMPANIES SUPPLYING CERAMIC COMPONENTS IN ENERGY AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS

TABLE 59 (CONTINUED)

MATERIALS FOR HEAT EXCHANGERS

FABRICATION OF CERAMIC HEAT EXCHANGER COMPONENTS

KILN FURNITURE MATERIALS

TABLE 60 NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FOR KILN FURNITURE BY TYPE, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

HEAT EXCHANGERS/RECUPERATORS

VALUE OF STRUCTURAL CERAMICS FOR ENERGY AND HIGHTEMPERATURE RESISTANT COMPONENTS

TABLE 61 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FOR CERAMICS ENERGY AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE COMPONENTS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 62 NOTH AMERICAN MARKET FOR RSTRUCTURAL CERAMIC MATERIALS FOR ENERGY AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE COMPONENTS BY TYPE, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

MARKET SHARE OF COMPANIES

TABLE 63 LEADING SUPPLIERS OF CERAMICS FOR HIGHTEMPERATURE AND ENERGY-RELATED APPLICATIONS, 2007 (%)

CHAPTER NINE: AIRCRAFT AND AEROSPACE CERAMICS

MATERIALS

SPACE SHUTTLE TILES

GLASS AND GLASS-CERAMICS

CERAMIC COMPOSITES

FIBER REINFORCED GLASSES AND GLASS-CERAMICS

TABLE 64 SIGNIFICANT GLASS-CERAMIC MATERIALS

GLASS-FIBER REINFORCEMENT

OXIDE AND SILICON CARBIDE-FIBER REINFORCEMENT

SI3N4/CMCS WITH INCREASED ENGINEERING RELIABILITY

INDUSTRY STRUCTURE AND MARKETS FOR AIRCRAFT AND AEROSPACE CERAMICS

TABLE 65 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN GLASS-CERAMICS IN AIRCRAFT AND AEROSPACE MARKET, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

CHAPTER TEN: ADVANCED ARMOR AND MILITARY APPLICATIONS

APPLICATIONS FOR STRUCTURAL CERAMICS IN THE MILITARY

CERAMIC ARMOR

FIGURE 4 SPECTRA SHIELD COMPOSITE COSTRUCTION

BORON CARBIDE

Boron Carbide (Continued)

SILICON CARBIDE

INNOVATIONS

Innovations (Continued)

MISCELLANEOUS

RADOMES

MISSILE PARTS

GUN BARREL LINERS

INDUSTRY STRUCTURE CERAMIC ARMOR MILITARY APPLICATIONS

NORTH AMERICAN COMPANIES

TABLE 66 NORTH AMERICAN COMPANIES IN CERAMIC DEFENSE AND SPACE SECTOR

TABLE 66 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 67 NORTH AMERICAN COMPANIES SUPPLYING CERAMIC COMPONENTS FOR MISCELLANEOUS DEFENSE APPLICATIONS.... 206

VALUE PROTECTIVE BODY AND VEHICLE ARMOR MARKET

CERAMIC ARMOR MARKET

TABLE 68 NORTH AMERICAN CERAMIC ARMOR MARKET SHARE BY COMPANY, 2007 (%)

TABLE 69 NORTH AMERICAN CERAMIC ARMOR MARKET SHARE, BY MATERIAL TYPE, 2007 (%)

MISCELLANEOUS MILITARY AND RELATED COMPONENTS

TABLE 70 PROJECTED U.S. MARKET FOR ADVANCED STRUCTURAL CERAMICS FOR ARMOR AND MILITARY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

APPENDIX

COMPANIES AND INSTITUTIONS INVOLVED IN STRUCTURAL CERAMICS

COMPANIES AND INSTITUTIONS…(CONTINUED)

COMPANIES AND INSTITUTIONS…(CONTINUED)

COMPANIES AND INSTITUTIONS…(CONTINUED)

COMPANIES AND INSTITUTIONS…(CONTINUED)

COMPANIES AND INSTITUTIONS…(CONTINUED)

COMPANIES AND INSTITUTIONS…(CONTINUED)

COMPANIES AND INSTITUTIONS…(CONTINUED)

COMPANIES AND INSTITUTIONS…(CONTINUED)

COMPANIES AND INSTITUTIONS…(CONTINUED)

COMPANIES AND INSTITUTIONS…(CONTINUED)

COMPANIES AND INSTITUTIONS…(CONTINUED)

COMPANIES AND INSTITUTIONS…(CONTINUED)

COMPANIES AND INSTITUTIONS…(CONTINUED)

COMPANIES AND INSTITUTIONS…(CONTINUED)

LIST OF TABLES

SUMMARY TABLE PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN STRUCTURAL CERAMICS MARKET BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 1 OVERVIEW OF APLICATIONS FOR ADVANCED AND

STRUCTURAL CERAMICS

TABLE 1 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 2 NORTH AMERICAN ALUMINA-BASED STRUCTURAL CERAMICS MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 3 NORTH AMERICAN ZIRCONIA-BASED STRUCTURAL CERAMIC MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2007 ($ MILLLIONS)

TABLE 4 NORTH AMERICAN SILICON CARBIDE STRUCTURAL CERAMIC MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2007 ($ MILLLIONS)

TABLE 5 NORTH AMERICAN BORON CARBIDE STRUCTURAL CERAMICS MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 6 NORTH AMERICAN SILICON NITRIDE AND SIALONS STRUCTURAL CERAMICS MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 7 NORTH AMERICAN SILICA-BASED STRUCTURAL CERAMICS MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 8 NORTH AMERICAN TITANIUM DIBORIDE ADVANCED STRUCTURAL CERAMIC MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 9 NORTH AMERICAN GLASS-CERAMIC MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 10 NORTH AMERICAN MIXED AND SPECIALTY STRUCTURAL CERAMIC MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 11 NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FOR STRUCTURAL CERAMICS, BY TYPE, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 12 COMMONLY USED ADVANCED CERAMIC MATERIALS

TABLE 13 COMPARISON OF BASIC PROPERTIES OF COMPOUNDS USED IN STRUCTURAL CERAMICS

TABLE 14 PROPERTIES OF COMMERCIAL ALUMINA SPECIFICATIONS

TABLE 15 PROPERTIES OF NORZIDE YZ-110 TETRAGONAL ZIRCONIA POLYCRYSTALS (TZP)

TABLE 16 TYPICAL PROPERTIES OF SILICON NITRIDES

TABLE 17 PROPERTIES OF HOT-PRESSED BORON NITRIDES

TABLE 18 AVERAGE STRENGTHS OF SELECTED CERAMICS (PSI)

TABLE 19 PROPERTIES OF SELECTED CERAMIC WHISKERS

TABLE 20 TYPICAL PROPERTY RANGES FOR FIBERS

TABLE 21 APPLICATIONS AND BENEFITS OF ALUMINA AND MULLITE MATRIX COMPOSITES

TABLE 22 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF TYPICAL OXIDE MATRIX COMPOSITES

TABLE 22 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 23 BENEFITS AND APPLICATIONS OF SILICON CARBIDE MATRIX CONTINUOUS FIBER REINFORCED CERAMIC COMPOSITES

TABLE 24 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF TYPICAL NON-OXIDE MATRIX COMPOSITES

TABLE 24 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 25 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS OF MOSI2 COMPOSITES

TABLE 26 APPLICATIONS FOR DISCONTINUOUSLY REINFORCED CERAMICS, BY TYPE

TABLE 27 APPLICATIONS FOR CONTINUOUSLY REINFORCED CERAMIC BY TYPE

TABLE 27 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 28 STAGES IN THE PROCESSING OF CRYSTALLINE CERAMICS

TABLE 29 TECHNIQUES FOR POWDER CONSOLIDATION AND SHAPE FORMING

TABLE 30 TYPICAL PROPERTIES OF LEADING STRUCTURAL CERAMIC CUTTING TOOL MATERIALS

TABLE 31 COMPARISON OF ALUMINAS

TABLE 32 NORTH AMERICAN MANUFACTURERS AND SUPPLIERS OF CERAMIC CUTTING TOOL INSERTS

TABLE 32 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 33 NORTH AMERICAN PRODUCERS OF CUTTING TOOL BLANKS

TABLE 34 SELECTED PRICES OF CARBIDE AND CERAMIC TOOL INSERTS, 1987-2007

TABLE 35 MARKET SHARE OF CERAMIC TOOL INSERTS BY PERCENT, 2007 (%)

TABLE 36 ESTIMATED MARKET SHARE OF LEADING COMPANIES IN CERAMIC CUTTING TOOLS, 2007 (%)

TABLE 37 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN CERAMIC INSERTS AND CUTTING TOOL MARKET BY MATERIAL TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 37 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 38 MATERIAL SELECTIONS FOR WEAR AND CORROSION RESISTANT APPLICATIONS

TABLE 38 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 38 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 39 SELECTED PROPERTIES OF NORTON/SAINT-GOBAIN SILICON NITRIDE BEARING COMPONENTS

TABLE 40 TYPICAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COORS HIGHDENSITY CERAMIC MEDIA

TABLE 41 CANDIDATE STRUCTURAL CERAMIC SEAL PROPERTIES

TABLE 42 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN CERAMIC BEARINGS MARKET BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 43 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN CERAMIC GRINDING MEDIA MARKET BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 44 NORTH AMERICAN CERAMIC GRINDING MEDIA MARKET SHARES BY MATERIAL TYPE, 2007 (%)

TABLE 45 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN CERAMIC NOZZLE MARKET BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 46 STRUCTURAL CERAMIC NOZZLE MARKET BY MATERIAL TYPE, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 47 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FOR CERAMIC SEALS, VALVES AND RELATED PRODUCTS BY TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 48 NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FOR CERAMIC SEALS, VALVES, AND RELATED PRODUCTS BY MATERIAL TYPE, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 49 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FOR CERAMIC DIES, GUIDES, PULLEYS, AND RELATED PRODUCTS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 50 NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FOR CERAMIC MATERIALS USED FOR CERAMIC GUIDES, DIES, PULLEYS AND RELATED PRODUCTS BY MATERIAL, TYPE, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 51 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FOR STRUCTURAL CERAMICS FOR WEAR RESISTANT, INDUSTRIAL COMPONENTS AND RELATED PRODUCTS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 52 NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FOR STRUCTURAL CERAMIC MATERIALS USED FOR WEAR-RESISTANT AND INDUSTRIAL COMPONENTS, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 53 NORTH AMERICAN MARKET SHARES OF LEADING PRODUCERS/SUPPLIERS OF CERAMIC COMPONENTS FOR WEARRESISTANT AND INDUSTRIAL-RELATED APPLICATIONS, 2007 (%)

TABLE 54 APPLICATIONS OF BIOACTIVE GLASSES AND GLASSCERAMICS

TABLE 55 PROJECTED NUMBER OF U.S. DENTISTS BY SPECIALTY, 2006 AND 2016

TABLE 56 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN BIOCERAMICS MARKET BY DENTAL TYPE, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 57 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN BIOCERAMICS MARKET, THROUGH 2012

TABLE 58 NORTH AMERICN BIOCERAMICS MATERIALS MARKET BY TYPE, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 59 NORTH AMERICAN COMPANIES SUPPLYING CERAMIC COMPONENTS IN ENERGY AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS

TABLE 59 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 60 NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FOR KILN FURNITURE BY TYPE, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 61 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN MARKET FOR CERAMICS ENERGY AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE COMPONENTS BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 62 NOTH AMERICAN MARKET FOR RSTRUCTURAL CERAMIC MATERIALS FOR ENERGY AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE COMPONENTS BY TYPE, 2007 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 63 LEADING SUPPLIERS OF CERAMICS FOR HIGHTEMPERATURE AND ENERGY-RELATED APPLICATIONS, 2007 (%)

TABLE 64 SIGNIFICANT GLASS-CERAMIC MATERIALS

TABLE 65 PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN GLASS-CERAMICS IN AIRCRAFT AND AEROSPACE MARKET, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

TABLE 66 NORTH AMERICAN COMPANIES IN CERAMIC DEFENSE AND SPACE SECTOR

TABLE 66 (CONTINUED)

TABLE 67 NORTH AMERICAN COMPANIES SUPPLYING CERAMIC COMPONENTS FOR MISCELLANEOUS DEFENSE APPLICATIONS

TABLE 68 NORTH AMERICAN CERAMIC ARMOR MARKET SHARE BY COMPANY, 2007 (%)

TABLE 69 NORTH AMERICAN CERAMIC ARMOR MARKET SHARE, BY MATERIAL TYPE, 2007 (%)

TABLE 70 PROJECTED U.S. MARKET FOR ADVANCED STRUCTURAL CERAMICS FOR ARMOR AND MILITARY APPLICATIONS, THROUGH 2012 ($ MILLIONS)

LIST OF FIGURES

SUMMARY FIGURE PROJECTED NORTH AMERICAN STRUCTURAL CERAMICS MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2005-2012 ($ MILLIONS)

FIGURE 1 SCHEMATIC OF SLIP CASTING PROCESS

FIGURE 2 SCHEMATIC OF EXTRUSION PROCESS

FIGURE 3 SCHEMATIC OF INJECTION MOLDING PROCESS

FIGURE 4 SPECTRA SHIELD COMPOSITE COSTRUCTION