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Conductive Polymers
Conductive Polymers
- Report price : $ 4 850
- Publication date : April 2008
Conductive Polymers
The major objective of this report is to analyze inherently conductive polymers (ICPs) and, to a lesser extent, traditional conductively filled thermoplastics, in terms of their competitive scenario in specific applications. Another goal is to develop a reasonable scenario for ICP markets outside of their competitive posture vis-à-vis traditional conductive-filled thermoplastics.
The latter group is often called ``conductive plastics``. However, in several market reports these materials are often termed ``conductive polymers``, which often leads to some confusion.
Often ICPs and conductive plastics are termed ``electroactive polymers/plastics`` while in other studies the phrase ``electroactive`` polymers includes very highly specialized polymers with both electrical and/or optical characteristics (electro-optic polymers).
- INTRODUCTION
- STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
- REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY
- SCOPE OF THE STUDY
- METHODOLOGY
- ACRONYMS
- ABOUT THE AUTHOR
- RELATED BCC REPORTS
- BCC ONLINE SERVICES
- DISCLAIMER
- REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY
- SUMMARY
- SUMMARY TABLE ELECTROACTIVE POLYMER MARKET (MILLION POUNDS/ $ MILLION)
- SUMMARY FIGURE ELECTROACTIVE POLYMER MARKET, 2007-2013 ($ MILLIONS)
- ELECTROACTIVE POLYMER OVERVIEW
- BACKGROUND
- INHERENTLY CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS
- INHERENTLY DISSIPATIVE POLYMERS (IDPS)
- CONDUCTIVE PLASTICS
- INHERENTLY CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS
- INHERENTLY CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS
- ADDITIONAL TECHNICAL DETAILS
- SYNTHESIZING CONJUGATED POLYMERS
- TECHNIQUES FOR MAKING PLASTICS CONDUCTIVE
- TABLE 1 HOW TO MAKE PLASTICS CONDUCTIVE
- CONCEPT OF RESISITIVITIES
- OVERVIEW
- TABLE 2 RESISTANCE SPECTRUM FOR METHODS OF MAKING PLASTICS CONDUCTIVE
- CONCEPTS AND NOMENCLATURE
- ICP HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
- PRIOR TO 1990
- POST-1990 PERIOD
- BY 2000
- TECHNOLOGIES
- OVERVIEW
- PREPARATION OF ICPS
- ENERGY BAND STRUCTURE
- CHAIN STRUCTURE
- COMPARISON OF CONDUCTIVITIES OF ICPS WITH
- METALS, SEMICONDUCTORS, AND INSULATORS
- TABLE 3 CONDUCTIVITIES OF DOPED ICPS COMPARED WITH METALS, SEMICONDUCTORS, AND INSULATORS
- DOPING
- Overview
- Chemical and Electrochemical Methods
- Reversal of Doping Process
- Types of Dopants
- Goal of Narrow Band Gaps
- Effect on Color and Optical Properties
- TABLE 4 COLOR OF DOPED AND UNDOPED CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS
- IMPORTANCE OF MOLECULAR WEIGHT AND DISTRIBUTION IN CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS
- IMPROVING HIGH TEMPERATURE CONDUCTIVITY AND TEMPERATURE STABILITY
- ALLOYING AND BLENDING CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS
- WITH CONVENTIONAL RESINS
- RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
- PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENTS SOUGHT THROUGH
- ICPS
- Conductivity
- Electrochromic Effects
- Electroluminescence
- Photoconductivity
- Thermochromic Effects
- PROCESSING CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS
- Background
- Problems and Challenges
- Processing Options for ICPs
- TABLE 5 ICP PROCESSING TECHNIQUES
- TABLE 6 STABILITY AND PROCESSING ATTRIBUTES OF KEY ICPS
- CONDUCTIVE POLYMER TYPES
- OVERVIEW
- POLYTHIOPHENES
- Nature of the Material
- Poly(3-alkylthiophene)
- Suppliers
- H.C. Starck
- American Dye Source
- Plextronics, Inc
- Other Polythiophene Derivatives
- PEDOT
- PEDOT/PSS Complex
- EDOT
- Potential Applications
- Actual Usage of Polythiophenes and Derivatives
- TABLE 7 BRIEF SUMMARY OF KEY APPLICATIONS OF POLYTHIOPHENE VARIANTS
- Recent Developments
- Printed Organic Electronics
- A New Polythiophene
- Further Developments with PEDOT
- BASF to Market Organic Semiconductors Based on
- Polythiophenes
- POLYANILINES
- Overview
- Nature of the Material
- Processing
- FIGURE 1 THE FOUR OXIDATION STATES OF POLYANILINE
- Characteristics and Properties
- Overview
- Can Be Blended with Commodity Polymers and
- Elastomers
- Optical Properties
- Can Be Melt and Solution Processed
- Potential Applications
- Suppliers
- New Developments
- A New Polyaniline Synthesis
- New Polyaniline Flexible Materials Conducting
- Electricity
- POLYPYRROLES
- Nature of the Material
- Processing
- Potential Applications
- New Developments
- Polypyrrole Stability and Coatings for Radar
- Absorbing Materials
- POLYACETYLENES
- Background
- Preparation
- Processing
- Problem of Environmental Instability
- Potential Applications
- OTHER INHERENTLY CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS
- Polyphenylene Vinylene (PPV)
- Background
- Processing
- Potential in Light Emitting Polymers
- Other Potential Applications
- Polyfluorenes
- Polyphenylene Sulfide
- Phthalocyanines
- RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
- Dissolving Conductive Polymers
- INHERENTLY DISSIPATIVE POLYMERS (IDPS)
- Overview
- Technological Aspects and Problems
- Suppliers
- SYNTHESIZING CONJUGATED POLYMERS
- ICP COMPETITIVE RESIN SYSTEMS ? CONDUCTIVE PLASTICS
- BACKGROUND
- OVERVIEW
- TECHNIQUES FOR MAKING PLASTICS CONDUCTIVE
- TABLE 8 HOW TO MAKE PLASTICS
- CONCEPT OF RESISITIVITIES
- TABLE 9 RESISTANCE SPECTRUM FOR METHODS OF MAKING PLASTICS CONDUCTIVE
- TYPES OF CONDUCTIVE PLASTIC MATERIALS
- CONDUCTIVE PLASTIC ADDITIVES
- OVERVIEW
- ESD/EMI COMPOUNDS
- ANTISTATIC ADDITIVES
- METAL FIBERS
- Overview
- Stainless Steel Fibers
- Other Metal Fibers
- Carbon Fibers
- Carbon Blacks
- TECHNICAL ISSUES
- COSTS
- RESINS USED
- NEW DEVELOPMENTS
- CARBON NANOTUBES
- Overview
- Company Activities
- CONDUCTIVE FILLER SUPPLIERS
- TABLE 10 CONDUCTIVE FILLER SUPPLIERS
- RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN CONDUCTIVE PLASTICS
- COLORED CONDUCTIVE POLYACETALS
- NEW CONDUCTIVE GRADES MEET ECC’S STRICT
- REGULATIONS
- CONDUCTIVE POLYMER BLENDS USED IN POWDER
- COATINGS
- CONDUCTIVE TPES
- NOVEL CONDUCTIVE ADDITIVES
- OTHER CONDUCTIVE PLASTIC SYSTEMS
- CONDUCTIVE PAINTS AND COATINGS
- Background
- Overview
- Performance of Alternate Conductive Coatings
- Background
- Copper
- Silver
- Nickel
- COATED PLASTICS FOR ESD CONTROL
- Comparisons
- Other Aspects
- Conductive Coating Cost Comparisons
- CONDUCTIVE FILMS
- CONDUCTIVE ELASTOMERS
- COMPOUNDING CONDUCTIVE PLASTICS
- KEY SUPPLIERS AND EXAMPLES OF THEIR CONDUCTIVE
- PLASTIC PRODUCTS
- BOEDEKER PLASTICS
- CABOT
- CIBA SPECIALTY CHEMICALS
- EASTMAN CHEMICAL
- LNP ENGINEERING
- LUBRIZOL ADVANCED MATERIALS
- POLYONE
- RTP
- NEW PRODUCTS
- EEONOYX
- LUBRIZOL
- PREMIX THERMOPLASTICS
- OVERVIEW
- MARKET ESTIMATES AND FORECASTS
- INHERENTLY CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS
- BACKGROUND
- OVERALL MARKET BY VOLUME
- TABLE 11 ICP MARKET BY TYPE OF RESIN BY VOLUME, THROUGH 2013 (THOUSAND POUNDS)
- TABLE 11 (CONTINUED)
- PRICING
- OVERALL ICP MARKET BY VALUE
- TABLE 12 ICP MARKET BY TYPE OF RESIN BY VALUE, 2007-2013 ($ MILLIONS)
- ICP MARKET ESTIMATES BY APPLICATION
- Overview
- Polythiophenes
- TABLE 13 POLYTHIOPHENE MARKET BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2013 (THOUSAND POUNDS)
- Polyanilines
- TABLE 14 POLYANILINE MARKET BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2013 (THOUSAND POUNDS)
- Polypyrroles
- TABLE 15 POLYPYRROLE MARKET BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2013 (THOUSAND POUNDS
- Other ICPs
- TABLE 16 OTHER ICP MARKET BY APPLICATION, THROUGH 2013 (THOUSAND POUNDS)
- CONDUCTIVE PLASTICS
- TABLE 17 CONDUCTIVE PLASTIC MARKET VOLUME BY RESIN, THROUGH 2013 (MILLION POUNDS)
- TABLE 18 CONDUCTIVE PLASTIC MARKET VALUE BY RESIN, 2007-2013 ($ MILLIONS)
- FIGURE 2 CONDUCTIVE PLASTIC MARKET VALUE BY RESIN, 2007-2013 ($ MILLIONS)
- TABLE 18 CONDUCTIVE PLASTIC MARKET VALUE BY RESIN, 2007-2013 ($ MILLIONS)
- OVERALL MARKET SUMMARY
- TABLE 19 TOTAL ELECTROACTIVE POLYMER MARKET, THROUGH 2013 (THOUSAND POUNDS)
- TABLE 19 (CONTINUED)
- TABLE 20 TOTAL ELECTROACTIVE POLYMER MARKET, THROUGH 2013 ($ THOUSANDS)
- TABLE 19 (CONTINUED)
- BACKGROUND
- APPLICATIONS OF ICPS AND CONDUCTIVE PLASTICS
- BACKGROUND
- POTENTIAL/CURRENT APPLICATIONS OF ICPS
- OVERVIEW
- TABLE 21 POTENTIAL ICP APPLICATIONS BY REVIEW OF POTENTIALLY SIGNIFICANT COMMERCIAL
- USES OF ICPS
- SPECIFIC INDIVIDUAL ICP PROPOSED APPLICATIONS
- APPLICATIONS OF CONDUCTIVE PLASTICS
- APPLICATIONS OF IDPS
- OVERVIEW OF COMPETITIVE SCENARIO BETWEEN ICPS AND
- CONDUCTIVE PLASTICS
- TABLE 22 COMPETITIVE SCENARIO BETWEEN ICPS AND TRADITIONAL CONDUCTIVELY-FILLED THERMOPLASTICS
- ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS
- OVERVIEW
- THE STATE OF THE CONSUMER ELECTRONICS
- INDUSTRY
- LIGHT-EMITTING DIODES
- Background
- Organic Light-Emitting Diodes
- Overview
- Some Definitions
- Historical Background
- How OLEDs Work
- Parts of OLEDs
- Additional Technical Details
- OLED Technology Summary
- Advantages of OLEDs
- Features and Benefits of OLEDs
- Disadvantages of OLEDs
- Issue of Shorter Lifetimes than Inorganic
- LEDs
- High Prices and Water Issue
- Other OLED Research Focus
- Roll-to-Roll Manufacturing
- Organic Photovoltaics
- Early Applications
- Overview
- Automotive Lighting
- Signs
- Other
- Potential Market Size
- Early Use of ICPs in OLEDs
- Recent Developments
- Overview
- DuPont Develops New AMOLED Materials
- and OLED Displays
- Novaled Achieves Very High Lifetimes for
- White OLEDs
- Idemitsu Kosan and Universal Display
- Seiko Epson Advances
- CAPACITORS
- Overview
- Background
- Capacitor Coating Technology
- Conductive Polymers in Use
- Companies Involved
- Advantages
- Potential Markets
- New Developments
- Polymer Ultracapacitors
- Kemet Develops New Conductive Polymer
- Capacitors
- Crosslink Polymer USA Develops News Conductive
- Polymer Coatings For Capacitors
- BATTERIES
- Background
- Lithium Batteries
- Overview
- Technology
- Advantages and Disadvantages
- Advantages
- Disadvantages
- Concept of All-Polymer Battery
- Button Batteries
- Automotive Batteries
- Portable Computer Batteries
- Use in Batteries
- SEMICONDUCTOR TRANSISTORS
- Background
- Moore’s Law
- Silicon Technology
- Position of Silicon Substrates
- Silicon-Free Integrated Circuits
- Concept of Plastic Electronics
- Concept of Plastic Electronics (Continued)
- Polymers Used for Plastic/Organic Transistors
- Processes and Applications
- Companies Involved
- Xerox Corporation
- H.C. Starck
- Merck KGaA
- Plextronics
- Flexible Electronics ? A Potential Promising Outlet
- Overview
- Background
- Potential Applications
- Rollable Displays
- Tags/Labels
- Company Activities
- DuPont-Bell Labs
- Philip’s Polymer Vision
- Cambridge Display Technologies and Plastic
- Logic
- Other Potential Commercial Uses of Organic
- Semiconductors
- Other Recent Developments in Organic
- Semiconductors
- Infineon Technologies
- More Stable Plastic Semiconductors
- Semiconductive Inks Move Plastic Transistors
- Closer to Commercialization
- A Plastic Electronics Material Advance
- Electrochromic Polymer Films
- Recent Conductive Polymer Electronic Industry
- Developments
- Polyaniline Field Effect Transistors (FETs)
- Combining ICPs with Flexible Thermoplastics
- Plastic Logic Moves into Flexible Displays
- SENSORS
- Overview
- Background
- Remotely Readable Indicators
- Gas Sensors
- Odor Sensors
- Chemical Sensors
- Biosensors
- Use of Microelectrodes
- Recent Developments
- Use of Sulfonated Aromatics
- Abtech Scientific
- Polymer Membrane Sensor Arrays
- Polyaniline-Based Optical Ammonia Detector
- Conductive Polymer-Based Sensors
- ICP-Modified Polyurethane Smart Foams for
- Pressure Sensing
- SOLAR CELLS
- Background
- Overview
- Applications
- Recent Developments
- Military Applications
- Thin Film Organic Photovoltaic Technology
- ELECTRONIC DISPLAYS
- Background
- TABLE 23 GLOBAL TV ELECTRONIC DISPLAY SCREENS, THROUGH 2012 ($ BILLIONS)
- Cathode Ray Tubes are Still Around
- Flat Panel Displays
- Overview
- Liquid Crystal Flat Panel Displays
- Overview
- Background
- Materials and Technology
- Costs
- Flat Panel Display Types
- Plasma Displays
- Digital Light Processing (DLPs)
- Field Emission Displays (FEDs)
- Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCOS)
- Surface-Conduction Electron Emitter Displays
- (SEDs)
- Nano-Emissive Displays
- Conductive Polymer Flat Panel Displays
- ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE (EMI)
- BACKGROUND
- OVERVIEW OF EMI SHIELDING
- MECHANISMS OF SHIELDING
- EMI EFFECTS
- THE IMPORTANCE OF SHIELDING
- CONTROLLING EMI
- USE OF CONDUCTIVE PLASTICS
- Background
- Functions
- Conductive Additive Selection
- TABLE 24 SURFACE RESISTIVITY FOR ELECTRONIC DEVICE SUBSTRATES (OHMS/SQ)
- Conductivity Tests
- Advantages and Disadvantages of Conductive Plastics
- Advantages and Disadvantages …(Continued)
- USE OF INHERENTLY CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS
- ROLE OF IDPS
- ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE (ESD)
- TECHNOLOGY BACKGROUND
- USE OF METAL CABINETS
- DEVICE FAILURES DUE TO ESD DAMAGE
- HOW MUCH STATIC PROTECTION IS NEEDED?
- SUMMING UP THE ESD SCENARIO
- ESD IN THE ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY
- ESD CONTROLS
- Background
- Materials and Methods
- Use of Chemical Additives
- Background
- Technology
- Use of Conductive Fillers
- Use of Coated Sheets
- Role of Plastics in ESD Control
- Static-Dissipative Polymers
- ICP POTENTIAL
- Overview
- Thermoplastic ICP Compounds
- Antistatic Coatings Used for Polymer Films
- NEW DEVELOPMENTS
- Permanent Antistats
- Carbon Nanotubes for Static Dissipation
- More Automotive Products for ESD Protection
- New Conductive Additives Provide Higher ESD Control
- REPRESENTATIVE COMPANY ESD PRODUCTS
- TABLE 25 SELECTED KEY ESD PLASTIC PRODUCTS
- RECENT ESD ACTIVITIES WITHIN THE ELECTRONIC
- INDUSTRY
- Background
- Protecting Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) From ESD
- ANTISTATIC PACKAGING
- Background
- Topical Coatings
- Permanently Static-Dissipative Polymers
- Types of Products and Additives Used
- Carbon Black
- Powdered Metals
- Mixed-Metal Oxides
- Polymer Alloys
- Permanent Coatings
- Other Characteristics of Materials Used in Antistatic
- Packaging
- TABLE 26 GENERAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF SOME COMMERICALLY AVAILABLE ANTISTATIC
- Examples of Antistatic Packaging Types of Products
- New Products for Static Dissipation
- ELECTROSTATIC PAINTABLE PLASTICS
- Background
- Overview
- Applications
- Automotive Industry Aspects
- Concept of Compliance Coatings
- UV-Cured Coatings
- Molded-in-Color Automotive Exteriors
- Dry Paint
- Background
- Technology
- New Electrostatically Paintable Plastic Products
- Bayer
- Rhodia
- ANTI-CORROSION PRODUCTS
- OVERVIEW
- CORROSION-RESISTANT COATINGS
- POTENTIAL ROLE OF ICPS
- ADVANTAGES OF ICP-BASED ANTICORROSION
- COATINGS
- COMMERCIAL POLYANILINES FOR CORROSION
- CONTROL
- APPLICATIONS OF ICP-BASED ANTICORROSION
- COATINGS
- RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
- Polypyrrole/Aluminum Flake Hybrids as Corrosion
- Inhibitors
- TEXTILES/FABRICS (ELECTROTEXTILES)
- POTENTIAL/CURRENT APPLICATIONS OF ICPS