World Tungsten Market

World Tungsten Market

This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Tungsten in Metric Tons. The specific end-use segments discussed are Hardmetals/Cement Carbides, Steels, Superalloys & Wear-Resistant Alloys, Mill Products, and Chemicals and Others. The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the US, Canada, Japan, Europe, China, Asia-Pacific (Excluding Japan & China), Latin America, and Rest of World. Annual forecasts are provided for each region for the period of 2001 through 2015. A ten-year historic analysis is also provided for these markets with annual market analytics. The report profiles 102 companies including many key and niche players worldwide such as Allegheny Technologies Inc., China Minmetals Non-Ferrous Metals Co. Ltd., China Molybdenum Co., Ltd., Ganzhou Huaxing Tungsten Products Co., Ltd., H.C. Starck GmbH, Kennametal Inc., Nippon Tungsten Co Ltd, North American Tungsten Corporation Ltd, Osram Sylvania,Inc., Sandvik Group, Xiamen Tungsten Co., Ltd., and Zhuzhou Cemented Carbide Group Corp., Ltd. Market data and analytics are derived from primary and secondary research. Company profiles are mostly extracted from URL research and reported select online sources.

TUNGSTEN MCP-2661
A GLOBAL STRATEGIC BUSINESS REPORT


CONTENTS


I. INTRODUCTION, METHODOLOGY & PRODUCT DEFINITIONS

Study Reliability and Reporting Limitations I-1
Disclaimers I-2
Data Interpretation & Reporting Level I-2
Quantitative Techniques & Analytics I-3
Product Definition and Scope of Study I-3
Tungsten I-3
Applications I-3


II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. Industry Overview II-1
Market Scan II-1
Market Analysis II-1
Supply Scenario II-1
China’s Impact on Global Tungsten Market II-2
Table 1: Leading Global Suppliers of Raw Tungsten (2000 &
2005): Percentage Share Breakdown by Capacity for China,
CIS, MEC, DLA, and Others (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-2
Government-Held Tungsten Stockpiles Regulate Worldwide Supply
& Demand II-3
In Quest for New Explorations II-3
Price Trends II-3
Table 2: US Tungsten APT and Concentrate Prices (2000-2005)
(In US$ per Metric Ton Unit) (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-4

Table 3: European Tungsten APT Prices (2000-2006(1H) (In US$
per Metric Ton Unit (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)) II-4
Will the Supply-Demand Gap in Tungsten Market Continue? II-5

2. Product Profile II-6
History of Tungsten II-6
Tungsten: A Profile II-6
Properties II-7
Properties of Tungsten II-7
Wolframite and Scheelite II-8
Tungstate II-8
Porous Tungsten II-8
Recovered/Reused Tungsten II-8
Applications II-9
In Integrated Circuits II-10
Only Metal Suitable to Replace Lead II-10
Potential Sources of Demand II-11
Sources II-11
Ores/Minerals II-11
Deposits II-11
Substitutes to Tungsten II-12
Replaced in Various Applications II-12
LED Applications II-12
Brazing Ceramics II-12
Health and Environmental Aspects of Tungsten II-13

3. Production of Tungsten II-14
China Dominates Global Tungsten Deposits II-14
Global Tungsten Production II-14
Table 4: Mine Production of Tungsten (2002-2006) in Tons for
Select Regions-China, Russia (Scheelite and Wolframite),
Canada, Austria, Bolivia, Portugal (Scheelite and
Wolframite), Dem P.R. of Korea, Thailand (Scheelite and
Wolframite), Brazil (Primarily Scheelite), Uzbekistan
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-14

Table 5: Global Tungsten Reserves and Reserve Base: 2004-2005
(In Thousand Metric Tons) (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-15
Mining and Refining II-15
Ammonium Paratungstate (APT) II-15
Tungsten Metal Powder II-15
Ferrotungsten II-15
Tungsten Carbide II-16
Tungsten Carbide Minimizes Wear II-16
Alloys of Tungsten II-16
Tungsten Copper Alloy II-17

4. End-Use Applications: A Detailed Analysis II-18
Cemented Carbides/Hard Metals II-18
Techniques Used to Protect Equipment from Wear II-18
Steel and Alloys II-19
Electrical and Electronic Applications II-19
Tungsten Wire II-20
Tungsten & Illuminating Lamps II-20
Manufacturing Process of Tungsten Wire II-21
Pressing II-21
Presintering II-21
Full Sintering II-21
Swaging II-21
Drawing II-21
Chemical Applications of Tungsten II-21
Laboratory Applications II-22
Other End-Use Applications II-22

5. Research & Development II-23
Sumitomo Develops R&D for Recycle Process of Tungsten II-23
Polema Launches New Production Method for Tungsten Rods II-23
Hardide Coatings Acquires Patent for Tungsten Carbide Adhesive
and Coating II-23
Cerbide Introduces New Abrasion Resistant Polycrystalline
Tungsten Carbide II-23

6. Research & Development-A Historical Perspective II-24

Di-tungsten Paddlewheel Complex Shows Lower Ionization Energy than
Cesium II-24
Harvard University Develops Precursors of Tungsten II-24
Tungsten Rods Act as Heat Shields in Incandescent Bulbs II-24
Researchers from Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Develop
Tungsten-Based Catalyst II-24

7. Recent Industry Activity II-25
Uran Forms Uran Exploration II-25
Spirit Exploration to Acquire Emerson Tungsten Mine II-25
Agnico-Eagle Exercises Option to Increase Interest in Jennings
Joint Venture II-25
Minmetals Nonferrous Takes Over HP Tec II-25
Icon Resources Takes Over the Mount Carbine Tungsten Mining
Rights II-25
Verena Minerals to Divest the Bonfim Tungsten Mining Project II-25
Malaga Expands Tungsten Production II-26
Shindong Enercom Enters into a 50:50 JV with Korean-Uzbek
Business Forum II-26
Hunan Nonferrous to Acquire Metal Reserves in Several Countries II-26
Yankee Hat Signs Agreement with ATAC Resources II-26
Max to Takeover the Ravin Property, Nevada II-26
Copper Ridge Signs Agreement with Prospector for 100% Stake in
Kalzas II-27
Air Products to Increase WF6 Capacity II-27
Element Six to Takeover Barat Carbide II-27
WOLF Minerals Completes Acquisition of Hemerdon Tungsten and
Tin Deposit II-27
Heemskirk Consolidated Enters into Agreement with Osram Sylvania II-28
Sojitz Tungsten Acquires Primary Metals II-28
SMR Plans to Invest in Molybdenum, Tungsten and Copper Production II-28
Minemakers Inks MOU with Wolfram II-28
China Sci-Tech and LKAB Join Hands II-28
Hawk Acquires Majority Stake in Australian Tungsten Property II-28
Zijin Inks Capital Contribution Agreement with Malipo Luowei
and Malipo II-28
Tungsten Output in China Controlled by Five Leading Enterprises II-29
China Molybdenum to Increase Tungsten Production II-29
Luoyang Signs Agreement with Hengxing II-30
HNC Acquires Tungsten Miner-Hengyang Yuanjing II-30
Huichun Zijin to Develop White-Tungsten Deposit in China II-30
Oriental Minerals to Acquire Sangdong Tungsten- Molybdenum Mine II-30
Amanta Resources Snaps Up Mae Lama Tungsten Mine II-30
Jiangxi Tungsten to Acquire Stake in Zhujiang Mining II-30
Jiangxi Tungsten Commences Tungsten Powder Production Facility II-31
CIC Mining to Take Over Minority Stake in CIC Judian Mining II-31
Amanta Resources to Mine Tungsten from Mae Chedi II-31
Carnavale Resources to Acquire Molybdenum And Tungsten
Projects In Brazil II-31
Hunan Nonferrous Takes Over Xiangdong Tungsten II-31
Hunan Nonferrous Acquires Majority Stake in Yuanjing Tungsten II-32
Gentor Announces Acquisition of Tungsten/ Molybdenum Project II-32
Sultan Inks Purchase Agreement with Albert and Sharol Mottl II-32
First Narrows Resources Inks an Option Agreement II-33
Sultan Announces Enters Purchase Agreement with Steve Okipnak II-33
North American Tungsten Commences its Joint Venture Pilot Plant II-34
Noront Resources Inks New Option Agreement with a Private Company II-34
Heemskirk Consolidated to Acquire Daytal Resources II-35
Ingichka Metalz Plant Produces Scheelite from Technogenetic Waste II-35
Ironbark Gold Takes Over Copper/Tungsten Project II-35
Xiamen Tungsten to Setup Sheelite Opencut and Ore Dressing
Plant in Australia II-35
Auzex Secures Three Permits and Auzex (NZ) Inks a Joint
Venture Agreement II-35
H.C.Starck Celebrates Inauguration of its First Chinese
Production Facility II-36
Dynacor and Osram Sylvania Ink Offtake Agreement II-36
Primary to Sell Off Stake in Malaga to Dynacor II-36
Dragon Capital to Take Over Tiberon's Nui Phao mine II-36
Galway Takes Over Victorio Molybdenum Tungsten Property II-36
Harbor Acquisition to Take Over Elmet Technologies. II-37
Ironbark Gold and Graynic Metals Agree to Sell Projects to
Wolf Minerals II-37
Strategic Metals and Tsar Equity Sign Option Agreement II-37
North American Tungsten Signs an Option Agreement II-37
ROCA MINES Announces Discovery of New Tungsten Mineralization
Zone II-38
Largo Resources Acquires Optional Rights for the Purchase of
Tungsten-Molybdenum Deposit in the Yukon II-38
Centrasia Mining to Acquire 90% Stake in Two Advanced Stage
Base Metal Sites in Kazakhstan II-38
Hunan Nonferrous to Acquire 27.78% Stake in China Tungsten II-39
Playfair Mining Acquires Tungsten Properties in Yukon Region II-39
Hunan Nonferrous Metals to Increase Stake in Two Chinese
Subsidiaries II-39
King Island and Xiamen Set Up Joint Venture for Tungsten Mine
Development II-39
Navoi Mining Forms a Joint Venture with Integra Mining in
Uzbekistan II-39
Tiberon Minerals Signs Tungsten Offtake Agreement with Osram
Sylvania II-39
Amanta Resources Signs a Tungsten Joint Development Agreement II-40
NTC and Tundra Composites to Form a 50/50 Joint Venture Company II-40
Westcore Bags Tungsten Drilling Contract from Playfair II-40
M&I Materials Receives Contract from Cessna for Wolfmet
Tungsten Alloys II-40
Bayer AG to Sell Off its HC Starck GmbH Unit II-40
ATMC Invests in Setting Up a Tungsten Powder Production Facility II-41
Luoyang City to Establish Tungsten Production Base II-41
Primary Metals Releases Resource Estimates of its Panasqueira
Tungsten Mine II-41
Dynacor to Commence Production at its Pasto Bueno Tungsten Mine II-41
Kazatomprom to Undertake a Tungsten Production Project II-41
Copper Strike Discovers New High-Quality tungsten Deposits in
New South Wales II-41
Playfair Mining Discovers a New Tungsten Deposit in Newfoundland II-42
Sultan Minerals Unveils Tungsten Deposit in British Columbia,
Canada II-42
King Island Scheelite Plans to Restart King Island Mine II-42

8. Industry Activity in the Recent Past II-43
North American Tungsten to Purchase Three Aces Claims II-43
GTN Resources Ltd Purchases Australian Tungsten Pty Ltd II-43
Playfair Acquires Property to Strengthen Tungsten Exploration
and Development II-43
Allegheny Technologies Acquires Garryson II-43
OMG Plans to Reorganize Business II-43
Sandvik Hard Materials Acquires 10% Stake in Gesac II-44
General Dynamics Receives Order for Canister Cartridge from
the Defense Sector II-44
Primary Metals Enters into a Multi-Year Sales Agreement for
Tungsten Concentrate II-44
North American Tungsten Restarts Production in Cantung Mine II-44
PalmOne Releases New Tungsten PDAs in the US II-44
Kaska Minerals Acquires Stake in North American Tungsten II-44
Murray Metals Purchases Ireland Alloys Ltd II-45
Hallmark Consolidated Ltd Acquires Tenant Creek Gold (NT) Pty Ltd II-45
Tiberon Purchases Share in Nui Phao Project II-45
DNSC Awards Tungsten to H.C. Starck II-45
Tiberon Minerals Starts Tungsten Mining in Vietnam II-45
Tiberon Calls Off Proposal to Purchase Panasqueira Mine II-46
Jiangxi Tungsten to Decrease Production of Tungsten Ore II-46
Xiamen Honglu Starts New Line of Special Alloy Tungsten Filament II-46
Sandvik Sells Off Eurotungstène Poudres to Eramet II-46
JXTC and Minmetals Establish Joint Venture II-46
Primorsk and its Subsidiary to Spin-Off Tungsten Units II-47
OM Group Divests Tungsten Business II-47
Osram Acquires Hydrometalurgicke Zavody II-47
Two Far Eastern Tungsten Miners in Russia to Stop Mining II-47
Avocet Mining Sells Tungsten Assets to Salish Ventures II-47
Xiamen Tungsten and Luanchuan Molybdenum Sign Deal II-47
Tiberon Minerals Announces Extended Tungsten Deposits II-47
HC Starck GmbH & Co KG Takes Over CSM Holding II-48
Dongfang Launches New Tantalum-Niobium Joint Venture II-48
Zhuzhou Cemented Carbide Teams Up with Shizhuyuan Non-Ferrous
Metals II-48
Advance Research Chemicals Enters into Alliance with Praxair Inc II-48
North American Tungsten in Agreement with the Yukon Provincial
Government II-48
North American Tungsten Reopens CanTung Mine in Canada II-48
North American Tungsten Enters into Agreement with Osram
Sylvania and Sandvik II-49
Compsup Commodities Bags Contract from the US Defense
Logistics Agency II-49
Air Products & Chemicals Initiates Construction of Tungsten
Hexafluoride Facility II-49
Avocet Mining Plc Divests Tungsten Assets in the US II-49
Primorsky GOK Concludes Modernization Program II-49
BryCoat Inc. Launches Tungsten Disulfide II-49
Sulzer Metco Launches Tungsten Carbide-Cobalt- Chromium Powder II-49
Copper Ridge Explorations Signs Agreement for Taking Over Kalzas II-50
Safety Group Takes Over ARAF II-50
Allegheny Technologies Acquires Hughes Metallurgical Products
from Baker Hughes II-50
Howle Purchases the Entire Issued Share Capital of NPE II-50
Brush Wellman Receives US Patent for New Manufacturing Process II-50
Nippon Tungsten Enters into Agreement with Wuning Huanqiu
Tungsten II-50

9. Technological Developments – A Historical Perspective II-51

New Tungsten Filament Improves Efficiency of Incandescent Lamps II-51
Xitec Replaces Lead in Collimator Tube Shields with Tungsten
Compound II-51
Dalian Institute Develops Tungsten-Based Catalyst to Produce
Propylene Oxide II-51
New Tungsten-Nickel-Iron Alloy Substitutes Lead Shots II-51
Applied Materials Introduces Sprint Tungsten CVD Centura II-51

10. Focus on Select Players II-52
Allegheny Technologies Incorporated (USA) II-52
China Minmetals Non-Ferrous Metals Co., Ltd. (China) II-52
China Molybdenum Co., Ltd. (China) II-53
Ganzhou Huaxing Tungsten Products Co., Ltd. (China) II-53
H.C. Starck GmbH (Germany) II-53
Kennametal, Inc. (USA) II-54
Nippon Tungsten Co., Ltd. (Japan) II-54
North American Tungsten Corporation Ltd. (Canada) II-54
Osram Sylvania,Inc. (USA) II-55
Sandvik Group (Sweden) II-55
Xiamen Tungsten Co., Ltd. (China) II-55
Zhuzhou Cemented Carbide Group Corp., Ltd. (China) II-56

11. Global Market Perspective II-57
Table 6: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Tungsten by Geographic Region – US, Canada, Europe, Japan,
China, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan & China), Latin America
and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 2001 through 2010
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-57

Table 7: World Long-Term Projections for Tungsten by
Geographic Region – US, Canada, Europe, Japan, China,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan & China), Latin America and Rest
of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 2011 through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-58

Table 8: World Historic Review for Tungsten by Geographic
Region – US, Canada, Europe, Japan, China, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan & China), Latin America and Rest of World
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption in
Metric Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-59

Table 9: World 15-Year Perspective for Tungsten by Geographic
Region – Percentage Breakdown of Unit Consumption for US,
Canada, Europe, Japan, China, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan &
China), Latin America and Rest of World for Years 1998, 2008
and 2012 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-60

Table 10: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Consumption of Tungsten in Hardmetals/Cement Carbides by
Geographic Region – US, Canada, Europe, Japan, China,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan & China), Latin America and Rest
of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 2001 through 2010
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-61

Table 11: World Long-Term Projections for Consumption of
Tungsten in Hardmetals/Cement Carbides by Geographic Region –
US, Canada, Europe, Japan, China, Asia-Pacific (excluding
Japan & China), Latin America and Rest of World Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Metric Tons
for Years 2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-62

Table 12: World Historic Review for Consumption of Tungsten in
Hardmetals/Cement Carbides by Geographic Region – US, Canada,
Europe, Japan, China, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan & China),
Latin America and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed
with Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 1991 through
2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-63

Table 13: World 15-Year Perspective for Consumption of
Tungsten in Hardmetals/Cement Carbides by Geographic Region –
Percentage Breakdown of Unit Consumption for US, Canada,
Europe, Japan, China, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan & China),
Latin America and Rest of World for Years 1998, 2008 and 2012
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-64

Table 14: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Consumption of Tungsten in Steels, Superalloys &
Wear-Resistant Alloys by Geographic Region – US, Canada,
Europe, Japan, China, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan & China),
Latin America and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed
with Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 2001 through
2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-65

Table 15: World Long-Term Projections for Consumption of
Tungsten in Steels, Superalloys & Wear-Resistant Alloys by
Geographic Region – US, Canada, Europe, Japan, China,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan & China), Latin America and Rest
of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 2011 through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-66

Table 16: World Historic Review for Consumption of Tungsten in
Steels, Superalloys & Wear-Resistant Alloys by Geographic
Region – US, Canada, Europe, Japan, China, Asia-Pacific
(excluding Japan & China), Latin America and Rest of World
Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption in
Metric Tons for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-67

Table 17: World 15-Year Perspective for Consumption of
Tungsten in Steels, Superalloys & Wear-Resistant Alloys by
Geographic Region – Percentage Breakdown of Unit Consumption
for US, Canada, Europe, Japan, China, Asia-Pacific (excluding
Japan & China), Latin America and Rest of World for Years
1998, 2008 and 2012 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-68

Table 18: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Consumption of Tungsten in Mill Products by Geographic Region–
US, Canada, Europe, Japan, China, Asia-Pacific (excluding
Japan & China), Latin America and Rest of World Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Metric Tons
for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-69

Table 19: World Long-Term Projections for Consumption of
Tungsten in Mill Products by Geographic Region – US, Canada,
Europe, Japan, China, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan & China),
Latin America and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed
with Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 2011 through
2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-70

Table 20: World Historic Review for Consumption of Tungsten in
Mill Products by Geographic Region – US, Canada, Europe,
Japan, China, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan & China), Latin
America and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 1991 through 2000
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-71

Table 21: World 15-Year Perspective for Consumption of
Tungsten in Mill Products by Geographic Region – Percentage
Breakdown of Unit Consumption for US, Canada, Europe, Japan,
China, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan & China), Latin America
and Rest of World for Years 1998, 2008 and 2012 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) II-72

Table 22: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Consumption of Tungsten in Chemicals and Other End-Use
Applications by Geographic Region – US, Canada, Europe, Japan,
China, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan & China), Latin America
and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 2001 through 2010
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-73

Table 23: World Long-Term Projections for Consumption of
Tungsten in Chemicals and Other End-Use Applications by
Geographic Region – US, Canada, Europe, Japan, China,
Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan & China), Latin America and Rest
of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 2011 through 2015
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-74

Table 24: World Historic Review for Consumption of Tungsten in
Chemicals and Other End-Use Applications by Geographic Region
– US, Canada, Europe, Japan, China, Asia-Pacific (excluding
Japan & China), Latin America and Rest of World Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Metric Tons
for Years 1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) II-75

Table 25: World 15-Year Perspective for Consumption of
Tungsten in Chemicals and Other End-Use Applications by
Geographic Region – Percentage Breakdown of Unit Consumption
for US, Canada, Europe, Japan, China, Asia-Pacific (excluding
Japan & China), Latin America and Rest of World for Years
1998, 2008 and 2012 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-76


III. MARKET

1. The United States III-1
A.Market Analysis III-1
Outlook III-1
Table 26: North American Metal Powder Shipments by Product
for 2003-2005: Percentage Breakdown of Shipments for Iron &
Steel, Copper, Nickel (Powder & Flake) and Tungsten Carbide
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-1
Production & Consumption Scenario III-2
Table 27: US Production of Secondary Tungsten: 2001-2005
(In thousand metric tons) (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-2

Table 28: US Production of Tungsten Products (2005 & 2006
(1H): Metal Powder and Tungsten Carbide Powder (in Metric
Tons) III-2
Price Dynamics III-2
Table 29: US Tungsten APT and Concentrate Prices (2000 -
2005) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-3
US Exports and Imports III-4
Table 30: US Imports and Exports of Tungsten (Concentrate &
Other Forms) in Metric Tons (2003- 2007) (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-4

Table 31: Percentage Breakdown of US Imports (Volume) of
Tungsten in 2007 by Country - China, Canada, Germany,
Portugal and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-4
Export-Import: A Recent Past Perspective III-5
Exports of Tungsten by Materials III-5
Table 32: US Market for Tungsten (2004,2005 &
2006(Jan-May): Export Trends for Tungsten Carbide Powder,
Metal Powder, Ammonium Tungstates, Ores and Concentrates
and Others( in Metric Tons) (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-5
Exports of Tungsten Metal Powder III-6
Table 33: Exports of Tungsten Metal Powder from the US by
Country – 2004 (Value in US$ '000; Volume in Metric Tons)
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-6
Exports of Tungsten Carbide Powder III-6
Table 34: Exports of Tungsten Carbide Powder from the US
by Country–2004 (Value in US$ '000; Volume in Metric Tons)
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-6
Exports of Tungsten Ores and Concentrates III-7
Table 35: Export of Tungsten Ores and Concentrates By
Country – 2004 (Value in US$ '000; Volume in Metric Tons)
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-7
Exports of Ammonium Paratungstate III-7
Table 36: Exports of Ammonium Paratungstate from the US by
Country – 2004 (Volume in Metric Tons; Value in US$ '000) III-7
Exports of Tungsten Waste and Scrap III-8
Table 37: Exports of Tungsten Waste and Scrap from the US
by Country – 2004(Value in US$ '000; Volume in Metric
Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-8
Exports of Wrought Tungsten III-8
Table 38: Exports of Wrought Tungsten from the US by
Country – 2004 (Value in US$ '000; Volume in Metric Tons)
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-8
Exports of Tungsten Wire III-9
Table 39: Exports of Tungsten Wire from the US by Country
– 2003 (Volume in Kilograms; Value in US$ ‘000) (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-9
Imports of Tungsten by Materials III-9
Table 40: US Market for Tungsten (2004,2005 &
2006(Jan-May): Imports by Major Materials - Ammonium
Tungstates, Ores and Concentrates, Tungsten Carbide
Powder, Metal Powder, Ferro-Tungsten and Others in Metric
Tons (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-9
Imports of Ferro-Tungsten III-10
Table 41: Imports of Ferro-Tungsten in the US by Country
–2004 (Volume in Metric Tons; Value in US$ ‘000) III-10
Imports of Tungsten Ores and Concentrates III-10
Table 42: Import of Tungsten Ores and Concentrates in the
US by Country – 2004(Value in US$ ‘000; Volume in Metric
Tons) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-10
Imports of Tungsten Carbide Powder III-11
Table 43: Imports of Tungsten Carbide Powder in the US by
Country – 2004 (Value in US$ ‘000; Volume in Metric Tons)
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-11
Imports of Tungsten Metal Powders III-11
Table 44: Imports of Tungsten Metal Powders in the US by
Country – 2004 (Value in US$ ‘000; Volume in Metric Tons)
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-11
Imports of Ammonium Paratungstate III-12
Table 45: Imports of Ammonium Paratungstate in the US by
Country – 2004 (Value in US$ ‘000; Volume in Metric Tons)
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-12
Imports of Tungsten (Wolfram) Powders III-12
Table 46: Imports of Tungsten (Wolfram) Powders in the US
by Country – 2003 (Volume in Kilograms; Value in US$ ‘000)
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-12
Imports of Tungsten Wire III-13
Table 47: Imports of Tungsten Wire in the US by Country –
2003 Year to Date (Volume in Kilograms; Value in US$ ‘000)
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-13
Imports of Tungsten Waste and Scrap III-13
Table 48: Imports of Tungsten Waste and Scrap in the US by
Country – 2004 (Volume in Kilograms; Value in US$ ‘000)
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-13
Imports of Wrought Tungsten III-14
Table 49: Imports of Wrought Tungsten in the US by Country
– 2004 (Volume in Kilograms; Value in US$ ‘000) (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-14
Product Launches III-14
Recent Industry Activity III-15
Focus on Select Players III-18
Allegheny Technologies Incorporated III-18
Kennametal Inc III-18
Osram Sylvania, Inc III-19
B.Market Analytics III-20
Table 50: US Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Tungsten by End Use Segment – Hardmetals/Cement Carbides;
Steels, Superalloys & Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products;
and Chemicals & Other End Use Application Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Metric
Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-20

Table 51: US Long-Term Projections for Tungsten by End Use
Segment – Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels, Superalloys &
Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and Chemicals & Other
End Use Application Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 2011 through
2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-20

Table 52: US Historic Review for Tungsten by End Use Segment
– Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels, Superalloys &
Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and Chemicals & Other
End Use Application Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 1991 through
2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-21

Table 53: US 15-Year Perspective for Tungsten by End Use
Segment – Percentage Breakdown of Unit Consumption for
Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels, Superalloys &
Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and Chemicals & Other
End Use Applications for Years 1998, 2008 and 2012 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-21

2. Canada III-22
A.Market Analysis III-22
Overview III-22
Tungsten Trade III-22
Table 54: Canadian Exports and Imports of Tungsten in '000
$(2004-2006) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-22
Recent Industry Activity III-22
North American Tungsten Corporation – A Key Player III-27
B.Market Analytics III-28
Table 55: Canadian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for Tungsten by End Use Segment – Hardmetals/Cement
Carbides; Steels, Superalloys & Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill
Products; and Chemicals & Other End Use Application Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Metric
Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-28

Table 56: Canadian Long-Term Projections for Tungsten by End
Use Segment – Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels,
Superalloys & Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and
Chemicals & Other End Use Application Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years
2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-28

Table 57: Canadian Historic Review for Tungsten by End Use
Segment – Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels, Superalloys &
Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and Chemicals & Other
End Use Application Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 1991 through
2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-29

Table 58: Canadian 15-Year Perspective for Tungsten by End
Use Segment – Percentage Breakdown of Unit Consumption for
Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels, Superalloys &
Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and Chemicals & Other
End Use Applications for Years 1998, 2008 and 2012 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-29

3. Japan III-30
A.Market Analysis III-30
Overview III-30
Outlook III-30
Production Scenario III-30
Table 59: Japanese Tungsten Metal Production in Metric Tons
(2002-2006) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-30
Trade Dynamics III-31
Table 60: Japanese Tungsten Imports (2003 & 2004):
Percentage Breakdown by Material for Oxides, Tungsten Metal
& Carbide Powder, Tungstate, Ferrotungsten, Fabricated
Material and Tungsten Ore (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-31

Table 61: Japanese Tungsten Imports (2003 & 2004):
Percentage Breakdown by Region for China, Germany, South
Korea, Russia and Others (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-32
Research & Development III-32
Nippon Tungsten Co., Ltd. – A Key Player III-32
B.Market Analytics III-33
Table 62: Japanese Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for Tungsten by End Use Segment – Hardmetals/Cement
Carbides; Steels, Superalloys & Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill
Products; and Chemicals & Other End Use Application Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Metric
Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-33

Table 63: Japanese Long-Term Projections for Tungsten by End
Use Segment – Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels,
Superalloys & Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and
Chemicals & Other End Use Application Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years
2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-33

Table 64: Japanese Historic Review for Tungsten by End Use
Segment – Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels, Superalloys &
Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and Chemicals & Other
End Use Application Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 1991 through
2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-34

Table 65: Japanese 15-Year Perspective for Tungsten by End
Use Segment – Percentage Breakdown of Unit Consumption for
Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels, Superalloys &
Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and Chemicals & Other
End Use Applications for Years 1998, 2008 and 2012 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-34

4. Europe III-35
A.Market Analysis III-35
Overview III-35
Production Scenario III-35
Table 66: Western Europe and Central Eurasia Tungsten
Market (2003-2005): Production (In Metric Tons) by Region
for Russia, Austria, Portugal and France (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-35
European Market Witness Increase in Price III-36
Table 67: Tungsten APT Prices in Europe(2000 - 006(1H))
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-36
Research & Development III-36
Recent Industry Activity III-37
B.Market Analytics III-41
Table 68: European Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for Tungsten by Geographic Region – France, Germany, Italy,
United Kingdom, and Rest of Europe Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years
2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-41

Table 69: European Long-Term Projections for Tungsten by
Geographic Region – France, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom,
and Rest of Europe Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 2011 through
2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-41

Table 70: European Historic Review for Tungsten by
Geographic Region – France, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom,
and Rest of Europe Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 1991 through
2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-42

Table 71: European 15-Year Perspective for Tungsten by
Geographic Region – Percentage Breakdown of Unit Consumption
for France, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom, and Rest of
Europe for Years 1998, 2008 and 2012 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-42

Table 72: European Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis
for Tungsten by End Use Segment – Hardmetals/Cement
Carbides; Steels, Superalloys & Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill
Products; and Chemicals & Other End Use Application Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Metric
Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-43

Table 73: European Long-Term Projections for Tungsten by End
Use Segment – Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels,
Superalloys & Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and
Chemicals & Other End Use Application Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years
2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-43

Table 74: European Historic Review for Tungsten by End Use
Segment – Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels, Superalloys &
Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and Chemicals & Other
End Use Application Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 1991 through
2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-44

Table 75: European 15-Year Perspective for Tungsten by End
Use Segment – Percentage Breakdown of Unit Consumption for
Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels, Superalloys &
Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and Chemicals & Other
End Use Applications for Years 1998, 2008 and 2012 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-45

4a. France III-46
A.Market Analysis III-46
Overview III-46
Tungsten Export & Import III-46
Table 76: French Exports & Imports of Tungsten Metal in
Tons (2002-2006) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-46

Table 77: French Exports & Imports of Tungsten Carbide in
Tons (2002-2006) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-46
Eramet – A Key Player III-47
B.Market Analytics III-47
Table 78: French Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Tungsten by End Use Segment – Hardmetals/Cement Carbides;
Steels, Superalloys & Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products;
and Chemicals & Other End Use Application Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Metric
Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-47

Table 79: French Long-Term Projections for Tungsten by End
Use Segment – Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels,
Superalloys & Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and
Chemicals & Other End Use Application Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years
2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-48

Table 80: French Historic Review for Tungsten by End Use
Segment – Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels, Superalloys &
Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and Chemicals & Other
End Use Application Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 1991 through
2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-48

Table 81: French 15-Year Perspective for Tungsten by End Use
Segment – Percentage Breakdown of Unit Consumption for
Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels, Superalloys &
Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and Chemicals & Other
End Use Applications for Years 1998, 2008 and 2012 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-49

4b. Germany III-50
A.Market Analysis III-50
Overview III-50
Tungsten Export & Import III-50
Table 82: German Exports & Imports of Tungsten Metal in
Tons (2002-2006) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-50

Table 83: German Imports of Tungsten Carbide, Ores and
concentrates in Tons (2002-2006) (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-50
H.C. Starck GmbH – A Key Player III-51
B.Market Analytics III-51
Table 84: German Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Tungsten by End Use Segment – Hardmetals/Cement Carbides;
Steels, Superalloys & Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products;
and Chemicals & Other End Use Application Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Metric
Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-51

Table 85: German Long-Term Projections for Tungsten by End
Use Segment – Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels,
Superalloys & Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and
Chemicals & Other End Use Application Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years
2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-52

Table 86: German Historic Review for Tungsten by End Use
Segment – Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels, Superalloys &
Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and Chemicals & Other
End Use Application Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 1991 through
2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-52

Table 87: German 15-Year Perspective for Tungsten by End Use
Segment – Percentage Breakdown of Unit Consumption for
Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels, Superalloys &
Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and Chemicals & Other
End Use Applications for Years 1998, 2008 and 2012 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-53

4c. Italy III-54
A.Market Analysis III-54
Overview III-54
EXIM Data III-54
Table 88: Italian Exports and Imports of Tungsten Metal in
Tons (2002-2006) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-54
B.Market Analytics III-55
Table 89: Italian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Tungsten by End Use Segment – Hardmetals/Cement Carbides;
Steels, Superalloys & Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products;
and Chemicals & Other End Use Application Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Metric
Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-55

Table 90: Italian Long-Term Projections for Tungsten by End
Use Segment – Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels,
Superalloys & Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and
Chemicals & Other End Use Application Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years
2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-55

Table 91: Italian Historic Review for Tungsten by End Use
Segment – Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels, Superalloys &
Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and Chemicals & Other
End Use Application Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 1991 through
2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-56

Table 92: Italian 15-Year Perspective for Tungsten by End
Use Segment – Percentage Breakdown of Unit Consumption for
Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels, Superalloys &
Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and Chemicals & Other
End Use Applications for Years 1998, 2008 and 2012 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-56

4d. The United Kingdom III-57
A.Market Analysis III-57
Overview III-57
EXIM Scenario III-57
Table 93: UK Exports and Imports of Tungsten Metal in Tons
(2002-2006) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-57

Table 94: UK Exports and Imports of Tungsten Carbide in
Tons (2002-2006) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-57
Strategic Corporate Development III-58
B.Market Analytics III-58
Table 95: UK Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for
Tungsten by End Use Segment – Hardmetals/Cement Carbides;
Steels, Superalloys & Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products;
and Chemicals & Other End Use Application Markets
Independently Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Metric
Tons for Years 2001 through 2010 (includes corresponding
Graph/Chart) III-58

Table 96: UK Long-Term Projections for Tungsten by End Use
Segment – Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels, Superalloys &
Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and Chemicals & Other
End Use Application Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 2011 through
2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-59

Table 97: UK Historic Review for Tungsten by End Use Segment
– Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels, Superalloys &
Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and Chemicals & Other
End Use Application Markets Independently Analyzed with
Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 1991 through
2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-59

Table 98: UK 15-Year Perspective for Tungsten by End Use
Segment – Percentage Breakdown of Unit Consumption for
Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels, Superalloys &
Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and Chemicals & Other
End Use Applications for Years 1998, 2008 and 2012 (includes
corresponding Graph/Chart) III-60

4e. Rest of Europe III-61
A.Market Analysis III-61
Overview III-61
Spain: Export & Import Scenario III-61
Table 99: Spanish Exports and Imports of Tungsten Metal in
Tons (2002-2006) (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-61
Russia – The Second Largest Tungsten Producer III-61
Sandvik Group (Sweden) – A Key Player III-62
B.Market Analytics III-62
Table 100: Rest of Europe Recent Past, Current & Future
Analysis for Tungsten by End Use Segment – Hardmetals/
Cement Carbides; Steels, Superalloys & Wear-Resistant
Alloys; Mill Products; and Chemicals & Other End Use
Application Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual
Consumption in Metric Tons for Years 2001 through 2010
(includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-62

Table 101: Rest of Europe Long-Term Projections for Tungsten
by End Use Segment – Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels,
Superalloys & Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and
Chemicals & Other End Use Application Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years
2011 through 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-63

Table 102: Rest of Europe Historic Review for Tungsten by
End Use Segment – Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels,
Superalloys & Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and
Chemicals & Other End Use Application Markets Independently
Analyzed with Annual Consumption in Metric Tons for Years
1991 through 2000 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-63

Table 103: Rest of Europe 15-Year Perspective for Tungsten
by End Use Segment – Percentage Breakdown of Unit
Consumption for Hardmetals/Cement Carbides; Steels,
Superalloys & Wear-Resistant Alloys; Mill Products; and
Chemicals & Other End Use A