Imports
$1.743 trillion (2011 est.)Exports
$1.904 trillion (2011 est.)Inflation rate (consumer prices)
5.5% (2011 est.)Unemployment rate
6.5% (2011 est.)GDP - per capita (PPP)
$8,500 (2011 est.)National product real growth rate
10.3% (2010 est.)Internet users
389 million (2009)Telephones - mobile cellular
859 million (2009)Population growth rate
0.481% (2012 est.)Population
1,343,239,923 (July 2012 est.)About this country
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Historical background
For centuries China stood as a leading civilization, outpacing the rest of the world in the arts and sciences, but in the 19th and early 20th centuries, the country was beset by civil unrest, major famines, military defeats, and foreign occupation.
After World War II, the Communists under MAO Zedong established an autocratic socialist system that, while ensuring China's sovereignty, imposed strict controls over everyday life and cost the lives of tens of millions of people.
After 1978, MAO's successor DENG Xiaoping and other leaders focused on market-oriented economic development and by 2000 output had quadrupled.
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Economic overview
Since the late 1970s China has moved from a closed, centrally planned economic system to a more market-oriented one that plays a major role in the global economy - in 2010 China became the world's largest exporter.
Reforms began with the phasing out of collectivized agriculture, and expanded to include the gradual liberalization of prices, fiscal decentralization, increased autonomy for state enterprises, creation of a diversified banking system, development of stock markets, rapid growth of the private sector, and opening to foreign trade and investment.
China generally has implemented reforms in a gradualist fashion.
...The Economist Intelligence Unit
OVERVIEW The transfer of power to a new generation of Chinese political leaders, which was completed in March, is not expected to lead to substantive political reforms in 2013-17. Although this increases ...
OECD
The Development Co-operation Report is the key annual reference document for statistics and analysis on trends in international aid. This year, the Development Co-operation Report 2012 seeks to provide ...
PRS Group
Country Forecasts is a 480-page perfect-bound volume published in April and October. This publication provides a four-page summary of forecasts and data for each of the 100 countries monitored by Political ...
Dun and Bradstreet (Altares)
Report Summary Providing critical information and analysis on the trade environment, D&B Country Reports offer in-depth analysis for evaluating risks and opportunities when trading overseas. This detailed ...
MarketLine
Introduction In 2012, China's economic output was $8.1tn, up by more than 10% from the year before. The credit crunch of 2008-09 led to a global economic downturn, and China's own economy was affected ...
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