The share of scientific publications involving international collaboration in biotechnology in Indonesia has been on a downward trajectory. In 2023, the actual value stood at 9.25%. The forecasted data suggest a continual decline from 2024 to 2028, with values dropping from 7.85% in 2024 to 2.51% in 2028. Year-on-year, there is an average decrease of around 18% annually from 2024 onwards. The CAGR over the five-year period from 2024 to 2028 indicates an average annual decline of approximately 20%.

Key future trends to watch for include:

Government policies and investments aimed at boosting international collaboration in biotechnology.
Collaborative initiatives and partnerships between Indonesian universities and global research institutes.
Technological advancements and their potential to facilitate easier and more effective global collaboration.
Potential socio-political factors that may either hinder or promote international scientific partnerships.