In 2023, the share of scientific publications involving international collaboration in immunology in Italy was not specified. However, starting from 2024, a steady year-on-year increase is forecasted, moving from 35.39% in 2024 to 41.07% in 2028. This signifies a growing trend in international collaboration over the five-year period with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) indicating a significant rise each year.

Future trends to watch for include:

Increased globalization and integration in scientific research.
Expanding cross-border partnerships enhancing research quality and innovation.
Potential impacts from European and global initiatives encouraging collaborative projects.