In 2023, Germany led European higher education expenditure on R&D in social sciences with €3.59 billion. Italy and Spain followed with expenditures of €1.35 billion and €1.26 billion, respectively. Other notable contributors included the Netherlands (€1.15 billion) and Finland (€0.42 billion). Smaller economies like Slovakia, Lithuania, Estonia, Slovenia, and Latvia allocated between €0.01-€0.05 billion.
Year-on-year trends from 2023 reveal dynamic changes: Estonia saw a 1.23% decline, whereas Latvia, Slovenia, and Lithuania experienced growth rates over 9%. Slovakia had a 7.15% uptick, and the Netherlands showed a 5.52% increase. Germany, Italy, and Spain also saw positive trends.
Future trends to monitor in the European higher education sector include digital transformation in learning and research methods, increasing collaboration across countries, and the integration of AI for enhanced data analysis. Keeping an eye on policy changes regarding R&D funding and emphasis on interdisciplinary research is also crucial.
Top countries in Higher Education Expenditure on R&D in Social Sciences by Country
| # | 10 Countries | Million Euros | Last Year | YoY | 5-years CAGR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Germany | 3,590 | 2023 | +4.56% | +4.69% | View data |
| 2 | 2 Italy | 1,350 | 2023 | +2.03% | +2.69% | View data |
| 3 | 3 Spain | 1,260 | 2023 | +2.37% | +3.89% | View data |
| 4 | 4 Netherlands | 1,150 | 2023 | +2.33% | +5.52% | View data |
| 5 | 5 Finland | 418.69 | 2023 | +2.16% | +2.05% | View data |
| 6 | 6 Portugal | 250.39 | 2023 | +2.21% | +0.83% | View data |
| 7 | 7 Slovakia | 51.53 | 2023 | +4.07% | +7.15% | View data |
| 8 | 8 Lithuania | 50.87 | 2023 | +3.47% | +9.09% | View data |
| 9 | 9 Estonia | 30.94 | 2023 | +11.41% | -1.23% | View data |
| 10 | 10 Slovenia | 25.53 | 2023 | +4.44% | +9.2% | View data |
