In 2023, Italy led with the highest fresh groundwater abstraction per capita at around 131 cubic meters, while Cyprus had the lowest at approximately 18 cubic meters. Notable year-on-year increases occurred in Portugal and Estonia, with declines in Luxembourg and Malta. Over the past two years, variations were mostly positive, and the compound annual growth rate varied, showing stability in several countries. Countries like Switzerland, Denmark, and Belgium saw minor decreases, while Luxembourg faced a significant reduction.
Looking ahead, watch for policy changes in water management due to climate challenges, advances in efficient water technologies, and shifts in population distribution affecting groundwater use across Europe.
Top countries in Fresh Groundwater Abstraction for Public Water Supply by Country
| # | 10 Countries | Cubic Meters Per Capita | Last Year | YoY | 5-years CAGR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Italy | 130.94 | 2023 | -0.0076% | +0.21% | View data |
| 2 | 2 Croatia | 98.93 | 2023 | 0% | +0.12% | View data |
| 3 | 3 Austria | 82.22 | 2023 | +0.27% | +0.22% | View data |
| 4 | 4 Switzerland | 81.13 | 2023 | -1.45% | -1.74% | View data |
| 5 | 5 Slovenia | 80.31 | 2023 | +0.14% | -0.34% | View data |
| 6 | 6 Bosnia and Herzegovina | 78.12 | 2023 | +0.37% | +0.58% | View data |
| 7 | 7 Greece | 71.4 | 2023 | +0.46% | +0.43% | View data |
| 8 | 8 Bulgaria | 65.03 | 2023 | -0.061% | +0.27% | View data |
| 9 | 9 Denmark | 64.95 | 2023 | -0.23% | -1.04% | View data |
| 10 | 10 Serbia | 64.19 | 2023 | -0.12% | +0.94% | View data |
