In 2023, Germany led European fossil energy refinery output with 3.8746 million terajoules, showing a slight year-on-year decline of 1.17%. Italy's output increased by 0.23%, while Spain and France experienced declines of 0.22% and 3.31%, respectively. Belgium saw a modest rise of 1.22%, and Bulgaria posted the highest growth at 2.79%. In contrast, significant reductions were noted in Moldova (-29.46%) and Finland (-6.74%). Overall, trends indicate varying outputs across countries, with some experiencing growth while others face declines, reflecting a shifting energy landscape.
Future trends to watch include potential policy shifts towards sustainable and renewable energy sources, affecting refinery outputs. Additionally, geopolitical factors and technological advancements may drive efficiency and production strategies, influencing future output levels in European countries.
Top countries in Fossil Energy Refinery Output by Country
| # | 10 Countries | Terajoules | Last Year | YoY | 5-years CAGR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Germany | 3,874,600 | 2023 | -1.01% | -1.17% | View data |
| 2 | 2 Italy | 3,102,000 | 2023 | +3.12% | +0.23% | View data |
| 3 | 3 Spain | 2,847,200 | 2023 | +3.84% | -0.22% | View data |
| 4 | 4 Netherlands | 2,689,900 | 2023 | +2.89% | +0.56% | View data |
| 5 | 5 United Kingdom | 2,313,000 | 2023 | -2.1% | -1.77% | View data |
| 6 | 6 France | 2,008,800 | 2023 | +1.31% | -3.31% | View data |
| 7 | 7 Belgium | 1,529,400 | 2023 | +5.96% | +1.22% | View data |
| 8 | 8 Greece | 1,321,800 | 2023 | +1.5% | -0.93% | View data |
| 9 | 9 Poland | 1,192,400 | 2023 | +1.53% | -0.11% | View data |
| 10 | 10 Sweden | 880,460 | 2023 | +0.19% | -1.1% | View data |
