The fresh water abstractions for electricity production, focused on cooling in France, have shown a declining trend from 2013 to 2023, decreasing from 17.02 to 13.35 billion cubic meters. The year-on-year analysis indicates consistent fluctuations with notable decreases particularly in 2016, 2019, and 2020. Over the last two years (2022 and 2023), reductions of 2.17% and 2.2% were observed. The five-year CAGR from 2019 to 2023 reveals an annual average decline of 3.61%. Moving forward, forecasts up to 2028 predict a continued decrease with a five-year CAGR of 1.84%, reaching 11.89 billion cubic meters.

Future trends to watch for:

Impact of environmental policies on reducing water consumption for power generation.
Advancements in cooling technologies that might further reduce water abstraction needs.
Shift towards renewable energy sources, potentially minimizing reliance on water-intensive cooling processes.