The R&D expenditure in Finland, expressed as a percentage of GDP, experienced a decline from 2013 to 2016, dropping from 3.27% to 2.72%. Following this period of decline, the expenditure began to stabilize and slightly increase, reaching 2.80% in 2019. A notable improvement was observed in the subsequent years with R&D spending growing steadily to 3.10% in 2023. This represents a 1.61% year-on-year increase from 2022. The 5-year CAGR leading up to 2023 shows a moderate growth rate of 2.37%.

Future projections indicate continued modest growth, with R&D expenditure expected to reach 3.23% of GDP by 2028. The forecasted 5-year CAGR through 2028 stands at 0.59%, reflecting a steady but slow upward trend.

Future trends to watch for include:

Government policies aimed at boosting innovation and R&D investments.
Increased collaboration between public and private sectors in research initiatives.
Global economic shifts and their impact on Finland's GDP and R&D funding.
Technological advancements and their effect on the R&D expenditure landscape.