In 2023, Germany led European labor costs in retail trade with 84.97 billion euros, followed by France and Italy. Growth rates varied: Germany (2.28%) and Ireland (2.22%) saw significant increases. Estonia (3.19%) and Slovakia (3.61%) had notable growth, albeit from lower bases. The five-year compound annual growth rate highlights stable upward trends across countries, particularly in Eastern Europe.
Future trends to watch include digitalization’s impact on labor efficiency, potential wage inflation driven by skilled labor shortages, and policy-driven adjustments in labor laws affecting costs, especially in major economies like Germany and France.
Top countries in Labour Costs in Retail Trade (Except of Motor Vehicles and Motorcycles) by Country
| # | 10 Countries | Million Euros | Last Year | YoY | 5-years CAGR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Germany | 84,970 | 2023 | +1.89% | +2.28% | View data |
| 2 | 2 France | 63,420 | 2023 | +1.48% | +1.29% | View data |
| 3 | 3 Italy | 37,540 | 2023 | +1.71% | +1.61% | View data |
| 4 | 4 Spain | 32,730 | 2023 | +1.32% | +1.26% | View data |
| 5 | 5 Netherlands | 16,060 | 2023 | +1.46% | +1.33% | View data |
| 6 | 6 Austria | 10,910 | 2023 | +2% | +1.95% | View data |
| 7 | 7 Belgium | 10,570 | 2023 | +1.59% | +1.83% | View data |
| 8 | 8 Ireland | 5,750 | 2023 | +1.86% | +2.22% | View data |
| 9 | 9 Finland | 4,920 | 2023 | +1.34% | +1.49% | View data |
| 10 | 10 Greece | 3,750 | 2023 | +0.14% | +0.16% | View data |
