In 2023, Germany led European countries in labor costs for high- and medium-high R&D intensive activities with 49.23 million euros, followed by France at 17.5 million euros. Italy and Spain trailed with 12.07 million and 5.91 million euros, respectively. The Netherlands, Austria, and Belgium showed notable contributions with figures around 5 million euros each. Smaller markets like Slovakia and Slovenia registered lower shares.
The most significant year-on-year increases were observed in Slovakia, Greece, and Estonia, demonstrating over 3% growth, highlighting a dynamic shift in smaller economies. Germany showed a steady increase, while France and Italy maintained moderate growth rates.
Future trends to monitor include technological advancements and policy shifts impacting labor cost structures. An increasing focus on sustainable and digital innovations might raise R&D activities, influencing labor demand and cost structures across Europe.
Top countries in Labour Costs in High- and Medium-High (2-Digit Definition) R&D Intensive Activities Share by Country (Million Euros)
| # | 10 Countries | Percent | Last Year | YoY | 5-years CAGR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Germany | 49.23 | 2023 | +2.26% | +2.7% | View data |
| 2 | 2 France | 17.5 | 2023 | +1.64% | +1.79% | View data |
| 3 | 3 Italy | 12.07 | 2023 | +1.47% | +1.64% | View data |
| 4 | 4 Spain | 5.91 | 2023 | +1.37% | +1.14% | View data |
| 5 | 5 Netherlands | 4.98 | 2023 | +2% | +1.89% | View data |
| 6 | 6 Austria | 3.19 | 2023 | +2.36% | +2.21% | View data |
| 7 | 7 Belgium | 2.98 | 2023 | +1.48% | +1.79% | View data |
| 8 | 8 Finland | 1.9 | 2023 | +1.43% | +1.35% | View data |
| 9 | 9 Slovakia | 0.89 | 2023 | +3.59% | +4.03% | View data |
| 10 | 10 Slovenia | 0.46 | 2023 | +2.45% | +2.16% | View data |
