The forecast for labour costs per employee FTE in the construction of railways and underground railways in the UK shows a gradual decline from €66.8k in 2024 to €60.7k by 2028. In 2023, the value stood at €68.4k. There is an annual decrease with a year-on-year decline from 2024 to 2028, averaging a decline of approximately 2-3% per year. Over the five-year period, this equates to a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of about -2.3%.

Future trends to watch for include the potential impact of technological advancements aimed at improving construction efficiency, regulatory changes regarding labor costs, and economic factors that could influence investment in infrastructure projects, thereby affecting labor demand and cost structures.

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