The European Labour Costs in medium-high R&D intensive activities exhibit significant disparities across countries. In 2023, Italy led with costs of 74.43 billion euros, while Estonia recorded the lowest at 1.15 billion euros. Year-on-year variations in 2023 reveal Slovakia had the highest growth at 4.14%, indicating an increasing workforce expense in R&D activities, whereas growth was slower in Italy at 1.69%. Over the last five years, most countries showed an average yearly increase, with the highest being observed in rapidly advancing regions like Slovakia and Estonia.
Future trends to watch in European labour costs for R&D-intensive activities include technological advancements driving workforce skill requirements. Nations with lower current costs, like Estonia and Greece, may experience sharper rises due to investments in R&D sectors. Moreover, increasing globalization might encourage cross-country collaborations, potentially harmonizing labour cost trends across Europe.
Top countries in Labour Costs in Medium-High (2-Digit Definition) R&D Intensive Activities by Country
| # | 9 Countries | Million Euros | Last Year | YoY | 5-years CAGR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Italy | 74,430 | 2023 | +1.55% | +1.69% | View data |
| 2 | 2 Spain | 39,350 | 2023 | +1.5% | +1.23% | View data |
| 3 | 3 Netherlands | 31,470 | 2023 | +2.06% | +1.91% | View data |
| 4 | 4 Austria | 19,910 | 2023 | +2.39% | +2.21% | View data |
| 5 | 5 Finland | 11,850 | 2023 | +1.98% | +1.92% | View data |
| 6 | 6 Slovakia | 6,230 | 2023 | +3.69% | +4.14% | View data |
| 7 | 7 Slovenia | 2,570 | 2023 | +2.53% | +2.26% | View data |
| 8 | 8 Greece | 2,210 | 2023 | +1.46% | +2.41% | View data |
| 9 | 9 Estonia | 1,150 | 2023 | +3.76% | +3.56% | View data |
