In 2023, Spain's scientific research and development output stood at an actual value of 10.8 billion euros. The forecasted output for 2024 is expected to be 11.47 billion euros, marking a year-on-year increase of 6.2%. This positive trend is projected to continue with the output reaching 14.17 billion euros by 2028, translating to an average annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.6% over the five-year period.

Future trends to watch for include:

The impact of government funding and policy changes on research and development investments.
Emerging technologies and their influence on R&D prioritization in sectors such as biotechnology, materials science, and artificial intelligence.
Spain's collaboration with international research bodies and private sector partnerships to drive innovation and output.