In 2023, Germany showed the highest labour costs in high- and medium-high R&D intensive activities among European countries, amounting to 373.95 billion Euros. France followed with 128.94 billion Euros, and Italy with 89.84 billion Euros. Belgium, Slovakia, and Greece had significantly lower values, with 22.26, 6.6, and 2.47 billion Euros respectively. Germany, Slovakia, Belgium, and France demonstrated positive year-on-year growth, whereas Greece experienced a decline.
Future trends to observe include technological advancements influencing labour costs, potential policy changes affecting R&D investments, and emerging market demands potentially shifting cost structures. Monitoring these factors is crucial to understanding the evolving landscape of European labour costs in R&D-intensive sectors.
Top countries in Labour Costs in High- and Medium-High (3-Digit Definition) R&D Intensive Activities by Country
| # | 6 Countries | Million Euros | Last Year | YoY | 5-years CAGR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Germany | 373,950 | 2023 | +2.08% | +2.49% | View data |
| 2 | 2 France | 128,940 | 2023 | +1.39% | +1.53% | View data |
| 3 | 3 Italy | 89,840 | 2023 | +1.16% | +1.33% | View data |
| 4 | 4 Belgium | 22,260 | 2023 | +1.24% | +1.62% | View data |
| 5 | 5 Slovakia | 6,600 | 2023 | +3.15% | +3.57% | View data |
| 6 | 6 Greece | 2,470 | 2023 | +0.0062% | -0.73% | View data |
