In 2023, the non-renewable municipal waste gross heat production in Italy was slightly lower than the forecasted 2024 value of 5.54 thousand terajoules. From 2024 to 2028, the production is expected to increase year-on-year by approximately 2% annually, reflecting moderate growth in the sector. The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) from 2024 to 2028 is projected to be around 2.0%, indicating a steady upward trend over the five-year period.

Future trends to watch for include:

Policies influencing waste management and energy recovery practices, which could impact production levels.
The adoption of newer technologies and efficiency improvements in waste-to-energy conversion.
Trends in municipal waste generation and treatment, linked to broader economic and social behaviors.