Based on the data, voluntary health expenditures in Indonesia are projected to decline from 1.3% of GDP in 2024 to 1.18% of GDP in 2028. The year-on-year variations show a consistent decrease, indicating a downward trend over the forecasted period. Specifically, expenditure is expected to decrease by -3.1% from 2024 to 2025, -1.6% from 2025 to 2026, -2.4% from 2026 to 2027, and -2.5% from 2027 to 2028. Calculating the CAGR for the period 2024-2028 indicates an average annual decrease of approximately -2.35%.
Future trends to watch for include potential economic factors such as changes in disposable income, government healthcare policies, and inflation rates, which could influence voluntary health expenditures. Additionally, societal shifts in health awareness or the introduction of new health technologies could also impact these expenditures.
