The global R&D expenditure in leather manufacturing is led by Italy at approximately $377 million, followed by Taiwan. Japan also contributes significantly, contrasting with much smaller investments from European countries like the Czech Republic and Estonia. The last year saw minor increases in Italy and Portugal, while Taiwan, Japan, and Spain experienced declines of up to 2.5%. Five-year CAGR indicates a sluggish growth pattern, though the UK reported a notable rise at 4.27% in 2023. Continuous shifts in consumer preferences for sustainable leather and new technological innovations could heavily influence future trends in R&D expenditure across these countries.
Top countries in Business Enterprise R&D Expenditure in Manufacture of Leather and Related Products by Country
| # | 10 Countries | Million US Dollars PPP = 2015 | Last Year | YoY | 5-years CAGR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Italy | 377.21 | 2023 | +10.93% | +4.82% | View data |
| 2 | 2 Taiwan | 265.62 | 2023 | +3.26% | -1.93% | View data |
| 3 | 3 Japan | 31.02 | 2023 | +3.03% | -1.72% | View data |
| 4 | 4 Portugal | 17.76 | 2023 | +4.92% | +2.96% | View data |
| 5 | 5 Spain | 7.72 | 2023 | -11.05% | -2.53% | View data |
| 6 | 6 United Kingdom | 7.69 | 2023 | +4.16% | +4.27% | View data |
| 7 | 7 Germany | 6.08 | 2023 | -1.27% | +1.11% | View data |
| 8 | 8 Poland | 2.1 | 2023 | +9.33% | -1.83% | View data |
| 9 | 9 Slovenia | 1.3 | 2023 | -2.11% | -1.83% | View data |
| 10 | 10 Czech Republic | 1.24 | 2023 | -0.24% | -0.71% | View data |
