The hard coal trade balance in Germany showed significant fluctuations from 2013 to 2023. In 2023, it stood at 43.78 million metric tons. The trend featured notable peaks in 2014 and 2015, followed by a consistent decline until 2020, which marked a sharp drop. Recovery started post-2020 with moderate annual increases, recording a 9.7% year-on-year rise in 2023 and a five-year CAGR of -0.57%. Looking ahead, forecasts indicate a steady growth, with a 2.35% CAGR anticipated over the next five years and cumulative growth reaching 12.31% by 2028.
Future trends to watch for:
- Impact of Germany's energy transition policies on coal demand.
- Global coal market dynamics influencing import volumes.
- Technological advancements and shifts toward renewable energy sources.
- Regulatory changes in environmental policies and their effects on trade balance.