In 2023, the turnover per employee for the construction of railways and underground railways in Italy was recorded as an actual value. Forecasts from 2024 to 2028 indicate a decreasing trend, with values expected to decline from 285.8 thousand euros in 2024 to 222.8 thousand euros in 2028. Year-on-year, the turnover per employee is expected to decrease by varying percentages: 5.6% from 2024 to 2025, 5.8% from 2025 to 2026, 6.2% from 2026 to 2027, and 6.5% from 2027 to 2028. Over this 5-year period, the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) reflects a decline in turnover per employee.

Future trends to watch for:

Investments in technology and automation that could reverse the downward trend.
Potential policy changes aimed at boosting infrastructure spending, impacting turnover.
Economic factors and their influence on the construction sector's workforce efficiency.
Sustainability initiatives that may alter construction practices and financial outcomes.