Based on the provided data, the Tourism Gross Value Added (GVA) of Rail Transportation in Australia increased from 384 million AUD in 2013 to 556 million AUD in 2023. Over the past two years, the year-on-year growth rates were 2.45% in 2022 and 2.21% in 2023. Over the last five years (2019-2023), the Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) has averaged 2.9%.

The forecast for the next five years shows continuous growth, with the value expected to reach 613 million AUD by 2028. The forecasted five-year CAGR between 2023 and 2028 is projected to be 1.54%, indicating a more moderate growth relative to the previous period.

Future trends to watch for include:

Increased investment in rail infrastructure and modernization.
Changes in tourism patterns due to evolving consumer preferences.
The impact of environmental sustainability initiatives in promoting rail travel.
Potential economic fluctuations influencing consumer spending and travel behaviors.