In 2023, the total Thornback Ray production in capture fisheries in Italy was not specified within the provided data. However, for the period from 2024 to 2028, production value is expected to increase steadily. Forecasted data shows a gradual rise from 3.47 to 3.59 thousand euros per metric ton. This indicates a consistent year-on-year growth of approximately 0.86% over this period. The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) over these five years is about 0.86%, reflecting incremental increases annually.

Future trends to watch for:

Impact of policy changes concerning marine biodiversity on catch volumes.
Market dynamics, such as shifts in consumer preferences toward sustainable fishing methods, possibly affecting thornback ray demand.
Technological advancements in capture fisheries enhancing production efficiency.