In 2023, the non-metallic minerals sector's final consumption of hard coal in Italy was recorded at approximately 225.00 thousand metric tons. Based on the forecasted data, there is a clear downward trend in hard coal consumption from 2024 to 2028. The year-on-year variations indicate a significant decline: -10.0% from 2024 to 2025, -10.9% from 2025 to 2026, -12.1% from 2026 to 2027, and -13.5% from 2027 to 2028. The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) between 2024 and 2028 suggests an average annual decrease of around 11.8%.

Future trends to watch for include:

The Italian government's environmental policies, which might further accelerate the shift away from coal.
Technological advancements in non-metallic mineral processing that could reduce coal dependency.
Global energy market shifts impacting coal prices and availability.