In 2023, the re-import value of manganese dioxide primary cells and primary batteries to China stood at $92 million. From 2024, the forecast indicates a steady year-on-year decline. By 2025, the import value is expected to decrease by 2.11% compared to 2024. This downward trend continues with an average reduction of 1.94% annually over the next five years, culminating in an import value of approximately $83.135 million in 2028. The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) for the period from 2024 to 2028 reflects a consistent, albeit slight, decline in import values.

Future trends to watch for include:

Potential market developments influencing the global supply chain of raw materials.
Technological advancements in battery alternatives and substitutes.
Government policy changes impacting trade and tariffs related to battery imports.
Environmental regulations affecting battery production and recycling practices.