The forecast for total internal R&D personnel in the manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products in Italy shows a consistent upward trend from 2024 to 2028. The annual growth rate from 2024 to 2025 is approximately 1.86%, followed by growth rates of around 1.75%, 1.66%, and 1.63% in subsequent years. Over this period, the compound annual growth rate (CAGR) is projected to be around 1.75%.
Looking to the future, notable trends and factors to monitor include potential impacts of environmental regulations, technological advancements, and the green transition. These elements could either accelerate the need for R&D personnel or shift the focus of research activities within the industry.
