In 2023, the net operating surplus in Italy's coke and refined petroleum products sector fell significantly, evident from projections for 2024 to 2028. From 2024, the forecasted operating surplus shows a continuous decline, with negative values increasing each year. In 2024, it stood at -2.16 billion euros, projected to increase to -2.52 billion euros by 2028, marking an annual downturn of approximately 4.17% over the five-year forecast period.
Future trends to watch for:
- Impact of global energy transition policies on the sector.
- Fluctuations in global crude oil prices influencing production costs.
- Technological advancements in refining processes could affect efficiency and costs.
- Potential regulatory changes impacting environmental standards and emissions.
