The forecast for Italy's CO2 emissions without land use changes shows a declining trend from 2024 to 2028. In 2023, the emissions stood at 325 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent. Over the next few years, emissions are expected to decrease steadily. The projected reduction from 2024 to 2025 is approximately 2.3%, from 2025 to 2026 is around 2.3%, from 2026 to 2027 is roughly 2.3%, and from 2027 to 2028 is about 2.3%. The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) for emissions between 2024 and 2028 is negative, indicating a consistent annual decline.

Future trends to watch for include:

The impact of renewable energy investments on emissions reductions.
How policy changes or technological advancements might accelerate or slow down the decline in emissions.
Potential effects of economic growth or contraction on emission levels.