In 2023, Luxembourg led globally in the proportion of mobile PhD students in engineering, manufacturing, and construction fields. Switzerland and the UK followed, while countries like Italy and Romania had smaller shares. Fast growth was seen in Estonia, Slovenia, and Hungary, with significant year-on-year increases in student proportions. In contrast, France and Greece experienced declines. Over a five-year CAGR, the most dynamic changes occurred in Latvia, Israel, and Colombia, indicating shifting educational trends.
Looking ahead, emerging trends include an increasing internationalization of PhDs driven by educational policy changes and funding opportunities in several smaller and emerging economies. Sustainable development and technology integration in engineering and construction might drive further shifts in PhD mobility by country.
Top countries in Mobile PhDs Students in Engineering, Manufacturing and Construction by Country
| # | 10 Countries | Percent of All PhD Students Enrolled in This Field | Last Year | YoY | 5-years CAGR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 Luxembourg | 94.93 | 2023 | +0.2% | +0.74% | View data |
| 2 | 2 Switzerland | 79.74 | 2023 | +0.72% | +1.06% | View data |
| 3 | 3 United Kingdom | 57.2 | 2023 | 0% | -0.21% | View data |
| 4 | 4 Australia | 57.12 | 2023 | +1.12% | +1.05% | View data |
| 5 | 5 Hungary | 44.28 | 2023 | +3.98% | +12.01% | View data |
| 6 | 6 Japan | 42.85 | 2023 | +2.26% | +3.22% | View data |
| 7 | 7 Estonia | 42.21 | 2023 | +10.47% | +16.85% | View data |
| 8 | 8 France | 39.94 | 2023 | -3.41% | -4.76% | View data |
| 9 | 9 Norway | 39.33 | 2023 | +4.14% | +4.32% | View data |
| 10 | 10 Austria | 38.39 | 2023 | +2.49% | +3.46% | View data |
